高三英语一轮复习语法专题：冠词课件

冠词冠词重温高考内容索引专题精析考点集训重温高考内容索引专题精析考点集训重温高考重温高考3Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad，layingthetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover

top.(2017·全国Ⅱ)解析

此处特指“地铁的顶部”，故用定冠词the。考向1表特指的定冠词和表泛指的不定冠词答案解析the1234Ⅰ.单句语法填空考向1表特指的定冠词和表泛指的不定冠词答案2.Instead，sheisearning￡6,500adayas

modelinNewYork.(2017·全国Ⅲ)解析

句意为：相反，她在纽约作为一名模特每天收入6500英镑。用不定冠词a表泛指。答案解析a12342.Instead，sheisearning￡6,503.ForPahlsson，itsreturnwas

wonder.(2017·浙江)解析

awonder一个奇迹。答案解析a12343.ForPahlsson，itsreturnwas4.Heowned

farm，whichlookedalmostabandoned.(2015·广东)解析

句意为：他拥有一个农场，这个农场看起来都快废弃了。a是不定冠词，表示泛指“一个……”，修饰可数名词单数。答案解析a12344.Heownedfarm，whichlookⅡ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Theylivefarfromtheschool，andittakesthemaboutahourandahalftogotoworkeveryday.(2017·全国Ⅱ)12345解析解析

hour是以元音音素开头的单词，前面要用不定冠词an。表示“一个小时”可以用anhour也可以用onehour。67答案an/oneⅡ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)12345解析解析hou2.Butinthatcase，wewilllearnlittleabout

world.(2016·全国Ⅱ)答案解析解析

此处特指我们所生活的这个世界。1234567∧the2.Butinthatcase，wewilllea3.IaskedMomtostayinthesittingroomandIcookedin

kitchen.(2016·四川)答案解析解析

此处特指“我们”家的厨房。1234567∧the3.IaskedMomtostayinthes4.NowIamlivinginacity，butImissmyhomein

countryside.Theretheairiscleanandthemountainsaregreen.(2015·全国Ⅰ)答案解析解析

inthecountryside在乡村，特指“我”的家所处的乡下。1234567∧the4.NowIamlivinginacity，bu5.Thereareallkindsoftheflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ)答案解析解析

此处为泛指，不表特指，故删除the。12345675.Thereareallkindsofthef6.Today，Iamgoingtotalkaboutwhatyoushoulddowhenafirealarmgoesoff...Soonthefirefighterswillcomeandputoutafire.(2014·四川)答案the解析解析

结合语境和常识可知，有火灾发生消防员才会来救火，故此处特指上文提到的afire，应用定冠词the。12345676.Today，Iamgoingtotalkabo7.ThatdayIdidn’tlearnmuchaboutanimals，insectsortrees，butIlearntaimpressivelessonaboutgravity！(2014·陕西)答案an解析解析

“学到了印象深刻的一课”，故用不定冠词表“泛指”；impressive以元音音素开头，故a应改为an。12345677.ThatdayIdidn’tlearnmuchⅠ.单句语法填空1.As

result，peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.(2017·全国Ⅰ)答案a解析解析

asaresult结果，是固定搭配。考向2固定结构中的冠词1342Ⅰ.单句语法填空答案a解析解析asaresult结果，2.Onmyrecentvisit，Iheldalivelythree-month-oldtwin...Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfewdayswithhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed，

otheriswithmum—sheneversuspects.(2016·全国Ⅰ)答案the解析解析

由上文中的关键词twin，one可知这里考查one...theother...(一个……另一个……)的用法。故答案为the。13422.Onmyrecentvisit，Ihelda3.Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsidefor

while，exercising，ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.(2016·全国Ⅱ)答案a解析解析

让你的身体和思想休息一会儿。固定表达forawhile一会儿。13423.Giveyourbodyandbrainar4.Theadobedwellings(土坯房)builtbythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven

mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.(2015·全国Ⅱ)答案the解析解析

空格之后为形容词的最高级形式，故填定冠词。13424.Theadobedwellings(土坯房)buiⅡ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Atthefirst，IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbymyself.(2016·全国Ⅲ)答案解析解析

atfirst起初，首先，为固定短语。123Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)答案解析解析atfir2.Everytimehearrivedhomeatendoftheday，we’dgreethimatthedoor.(2016·浙江)答案解析解析

attheendof在……结束时，为固定搭配。123∧the2.Everytimehearrivedhomea3.Ontherightsideoftheclasswastheroad.Iwasalwaysinterestedtoseethedriversinhurryinthemorning.(2015·浙江)答案解析解析

inahurry匆匆忙忙，为固定短语。123∧a3.Ontherightsideofthecla专题精析专题精析◆冠词的类别泛指不定冠词a一个...；一类...(单数名词前)可数名词泛指时用a或anan一个...；一类...(单数名词前)

零冠词一类(复数名词或不可数名词前)复数可数名词、不可数名词泛指时不用冠词特指定冠词the单数名词、复数名词、不可数名词前均可无论可数名词、不可数名词特指时都用the◆冠词的类别泛指不定a一个...；一类...(单数名词前)可◆不定冠词的核心考点1.表示数量“一”，相当于“one”。I’llreturninadayortwo.2.表示“同一”，相当于“thesame”。Thechildrenareofanage.3.表示泛指或类指，指人或事物的某一个或某一类。Hewantstobeadoctor.Adogisafaithfulanimal.4.用于首次提到的单数可数名词前。YesterdayIboughtanovel.Itcostme30yuan.◆不定冠词的核心考点5.用于某一些表示重量、长度、时间等的单位前，表示“每一”。Wehavemealsthreetimesaday.6.用于专有名词前表示类似的一个或某一个，相当于“acertain”。AMrLiisaskingtoseeyou.7.与某些物质名词或抽象名词连用，表示“一种/一类/一份/一场/一阵/……”。Therewasaheavyrainyesterday.Hegaveusabigsurprise.5.用于某一些表示重量、长度、时间等的单位前，表示“每一”。8.用于序数词前表示“又一，再一”。Hewantedtotryasecondtime.9.表示季节、月份、日期、三餐的名词前有修饰语时，前面可用不定冠词。Wehaveawarmwinterthisyear.ThiseveningIhadabigsupper.10.用在某些固定词组中。haveaswim

allofasuddenonceinawhile asaresult(of)inahurry asawholeatatime8.用于序数词前表示“又一，再一”。◆定冠词的核心考点1.用于上文提到过的人或事物前。Ihaveboughtabook.Thebookisveryuseful.2.用于说话人与听话人都知道的人或事物前。Closethewindow，please.3.用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前，如：thesun。4.用于表示方位的名词之前，如：intheeast。5.用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前，如：thefirst，themostinteresting。6.用于“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”中，表示“越……越……”。Themore，thebetter.◆定冠词的核心考点7.用于表示两者相比“较……的那个人或物”的比较级形式前。Ofthetwostudents，Maryisthecleverer.8.用于形容词之前，使其名词化，表示一类人，如：theold，thepoor，thedead。9.用于由普通名词构成的专有名词(如国名、组织机构、建筑物、报纸、会议、条约等的名称)之前，如：theGreatWall，theUnitedStates等。10.用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、群岛等名词之前，如：theWestLake。11.用于复数姓氏之前，表示“夫妇”或“全家”，如：theWhites。7.用于表示两者相比“较……的那个人或物”的比较级形式前。12.用于作为课程或演奏等的西洋乐器名词前，如：playthepiano，playtheviolin。13.用于表示度量单位的名词前，如：bytheday。14.用于年代、朝代、时代名词前，如：inthe1970s。15.用于某些固定词组中，如：allthetime，attheageof，intheend，bytheway，intheformof等。12.用于作为课程或演奏等的西洋乐器名词前，如：playt◆零冠词的情况1.不含普通名词的专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词，如：China，America。2.可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等限制时，不加冠词。Einstein’stheoryprovedtobecorrect.3.季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词，如：March，onSunday，havesupper。4.称呼语前不加冠词。WhatshallIdonext，Mother?◆零冠词的情况5.表示独一无二的头衔、职务名词作表语、同位语或补足语时，一般不加冠词。6.学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。7.复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时，其前不加冠词。8.在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。9.连系动词turn后的表语单数可数名词前不加冠词。Theyoungworkerhasturnedwriter.10.as，though引导让步状语从句时须倒装，其表语(单数可数名词)置于句首时不加冠词。Childasheis，heknowsalot.5.表示独一无二的头衔、职务名词作表语、同位语或补足语时，一11.某些固定词组中不加冠词，如：husbandandwife，arminarm。注意下列词组的区别：gotoschool去上学gototheschool到学校去(不一定是去上学)goto/beatchurch去做礼拜/在做礼拜goto/beatthechurch去/在教堂(不一定是做礼拜)gotobed就寝，上床睡觉,gotothebed向床走去,走到床前(不一定是去睡觉)11.某些固定词组中不加冠词，如：husbandandwgotosea出海(是海员)gotothesea去海边(不一定是海员)beinhospital在住院beinthehospital在医院里(不一定是病人)beinprison在坐牢beintheprison在监狱(不一定是犯人)infrontof在……(外部)的前面inthefrontof在……(内部)的前面)gotosea出海(是海员)beinhospitalsitattable吃饭sitatthetable坐在桌旁(不一定是吃饭)byday在白天bytheday按天计算takeplace发生taketheplaceof代替inpossessionofsth.拥有某物inthepossessionofsb.为某人所拥有sitattable吃饭byday在白天takeplinsightof能看见，看得见inthesightof在……看来；从……观点来看insightof能看见，看得见考点集训考点集训Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Thereis

constantbeatinrapsongs.Thebeataccountsforthepopularityofrapmusicinclubs.2.Lastweekend，IwastravellinghomefromBangalore.Therewas

distinctlackofbuses，soIthoughtIwouldescapethecrowdandgoforrefreshment.Idecidedtogotoahotelnearthebusstand.3.TheInternationalRedCross/RedCrescentexiststohelpthevictimsofconflictsanddisastersregardlessoftheirnationality.

symboloftheorganizationwasoriginallyjusttheredcross.aaTheⅠ.单句语法填空aaThe4.Therearelotsofexperiencesinourlives.

mostunforgettableoneformeisthespeechcompetitionwhichwasheldlastyear.5.Wehaveopenedup

clothingshopcalled“GiftsofGrace”andadvertisedfreeclothingforanyonewhohastheneed.6.GuinnessWorldRecordseditorGraigGlendaysays，“Thisis___extraordinaryworld-­recordattemptthatshowsbothspiritualdedicationandtruepassion.”Theaan4.Therearelotsofexperience7.Onedayinparticular，afinelydressedgentlemanstoodoutsidetherichman’sdoorandsaid，“You’vegivenme

secondchanceatlife.Withyourgenerousgift，Iwasabletoinvestthemoneyandpullmyselfoutofpoverty.”8.Youshouldalsobepreparedtomakechangesinthedietandgetaccustomedto

localfoodsandthelimitedselectionoffamiliarfoodsinthestoresandrestaurants.athe7.Onedayinparticular，afineⅡ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Finally，therewasasuddenpullatthepoleandfishwascaught.2.Theteacherwasangrybecausewehadsameanswersinthetest.3.I’lltakethischancetowishyouwonderfultimeonyourbirthday.4.Mymotherisverykindandisfriendlytoeverybody.SowhenIhavetheproblemIwillturntoherforhelp.a∧a∧the∧aⅡ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)a∧∧∧5.IstillrememberwhenIwas

child，youalwaysheldmeinyourarmsandtoldmestoriestillIfellasleep.6.InthecarparkthereGinanearlygotknockedoveras

cardroveoutfartooquicklyfrombehindalorry.7.Itissuchwonderfulfilmthatweallenjoyit.∧a∧a∧a5.IstillrememberwhenIwas8.Therefore，ItoldtheminterestingstoriesandhowIwasenjoyingBrazil.Asaresult，nobodyknewtruth.Istillthinkthatitwastherightthingtodo.9.Manycountriesintheworldfindtheydon’thaveenoughwater.Todealwithaproblem，Ithink，weshouldfirstgoallouttoplanttreesbecausetreeswillhelpsavewater.the/this/that∧the8.Therefore，Itoldthemintere10.When，however，onMonday，January16，asciencefictionfilmaboutvisitorsfromouterspacewasshownontelevision，therewastheimmediateincreaseinreportsofsightingsfromallpartsoftheStates.an10.When，however，onMonday，JanuⅢ.语法填空(冠词专练)IcametostudyintheUnitedStates1.

yearago.YetIdidnotknow2.

realAmericansocietyuntilIwasinjuredinacaraccidentbecauseafter3.

accidentIhadtoseeadoctorandgotocourt.Aftertheaccident，myroommatecalled4.

doctorforme.Iwasverythankfulanddecidedtorepayhimoneday.But5.

nextday，heaskedmetopayhim200forwhathehaddone.Iwasastonished.Hehadgoodreasonstochargeme，hesaid.AndifIwantedtocollectmoneyfrom6.

personwhowasresponsibleformyinjury，I’dhavetohave7.

goodlawyer.Nowthathehadhelpedmetofindagooddoctor，itwasonlyfairthatIshouldpayhim.athetheathetheaⅢ.语法填空(冠词专练)athetheathetheaButeverytimeIwentt