每日一练乐加乐2016年寒假fceday25每日一练乐加乐2016年寒假fceday25

ItalianastronautLucaParmitanohadaterrifyingexperienceduringaspacewalk.WhileworkingontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS),hishelmet1beganfillingwithwater.

Atfirst,Parmitanowasn'tsurewhatitwas."Myheadisreallywet,"hetolSAflightcontrollersbackonEarth.Asthewaterbegantoaccumulate,Parmitanorealizedtherewasaproblem."It'stoomuch...Nowit'sinmyeyes,"herecallssaying.Concernedthathemightchoke2onthewater,groundcontrolstoppedthespacewalk.BackinsidetheISS,Parmitanotookoffhishelmetanddiscoveredthatitcontainedalmosthalfaliter(twocups)ofwater.Wherehadthiswatercomefrom?

NASAfoundoutthatamalfunction3inthesuit'sliquidcoolingsystemhadcausedwatertoleak.SomeofthewatergotintoParmitano'shelmet.ThoughNASAhastakenstepstocorrecttheproblem,theexperienceunderscoresthedangersthatastronautsfaceeachtimetheyventureoutsideaspacecraft.

TrainingforaSpacewalk

Spacewalksaresafernowthantheywerefiftyyearsago,when-in1965-RussiexeiLeonovcarriedoutthefirstone.However,asParmitano'sexperienceillustrates,therearestillrisksinvolved.Toensurethatmissionsaresuccessful,astronautstrainforhundredsofhoursonEarth.Theylearntodealwiththelackofgravityinspace,forexample,byfloatinginalarge4ofwater,wheretheyexperienceafeelingveryclosetotheweightlessnessofspace.Foreveryhourtheywillwalkinspace,astronautspracticefortenhoursinthewater.Theyalsofamiliarizethemselveswiththeexactroutetheywilltakeoncetheyleaveaspacecraft.Theyrepeatedlygooverthispathsotheyknowexactlywhattodoonaspacewalk.

Astronautsalsotrainforemergenciesthatmaycomeaboutduringawalk.Oneofthemostcommonislosingconsciousness.Althoughspacesuitshaveaninternalheatingandcoolingsystem,theycanstillgetveryhot,especiallywhenastronautsarengphysicallydemandingworkoutsidethespacecraftforhours.Astronautsaretrainedtomonitortheirbreathingandtomakesuretheirbodiesaren'tgettinerheated,whichcouldcausethemtopassout.Anotherpotentialchallengethatastronautsaretrainedtodealwithisbeingseparatedfromaspacecraft.Duringawalk,astronautsworkinpairsandareattachedtotheISSforsafetyreasons.EveryNASAspacesuithasaminijetpack,andastronautsaretrainedtouseittofloatbacktothestationiftheysomehow edetachedfromthecraft.

SPACEWALKER:SUNITAWILLIAMS

Asachild,SunitaWilliamsbelievedthatspacetravelwouldberoutinewhenshegrewup-somethingeveryonedid.Sheneverthoughtshe'dbeoneofthepioneers.TheformerpilothasvisitedtheInternationalSpaceStationfourtimesandhasspent50hourswalkinginspace-themostspacewalkingofanyfemaleastronaut.

NationalGeographic:what'sthemostimpressivethingaboutaspacewalk?

1Ahelmetisahatmadeofstrongmaterialthatoftencoversthefaceaswell;itprotectsyourhead.

2Ifyouchokeonsomething,youcannotbreathebecausesomethingisstuckinyourthroat.

3Amalfunctionisafailuretoworknormally.

4A isalargecontainerthatholdsliquid(likewater)orgas.

SunitaWilliams:Theview-beingupveryhighlookingdownandseeingthenorthernlightsbelow.NG:Isitscary?

SunitaWilliams:Onmyfirstwalkin2006,therewasaproblemwithasolararray(asolarpanel)onthestation,andweneededtofixit.Alongarmconnectsthespacestationtothearray.AsIstartedgoingupthisarmtothearrayIfeltlikeIwasclimbingaskyscraper.Ihadtolmyself,"It'sOK.You'renotgoingtofall."Inspace,youcangetreallyconfusedsometimes.Youdon'tknowifyouaregoingupordown,leftorright.DuringthatfirstwalkoutsidetheISS,Ihadtoremindmyselfhowwetrainedinthewater.Thathelpedmestaycalm.

NG:Aretherethingsyoudotokeepyourselfgrounded5whilelivinginspace?

SunitaWilliams:Onmyfirstflight,IwouldgodowntotheRussianendofthespacestationbecausetherewasonlyonebathroomatthetime.AstronautMishaTyurinwouldalwayssay,"Wouldyoulikesometea?"Wewouldsitorfloatintheairforfiveortenminutesdrinkingteaandjusttalkaboutlife.

5Ifyouaregrounded,youbehaveinacalm,sensibleway.likeanormal .

ReadingComprehension

MultipleChoice.Choosethebestanswerforeachquestion.

WhatcausedLucaParmitano'shelmettofillwithwater?

Therewasacrackinhishelmet,whichcausedaleak.

Abagwithdrinkingwaterinsidehissuitbegantoleak.

Nooneknowswhyitfilledwithwater.

Therewasaproblemwithhissuit'sliquidcoolingsystem

Whowasthefirst togoonaspacewalk?

LucaParmitano

AlexeiLeonov

SunitaWilliams

MishaTyurin

Howlongdoesanastronautneedtopracticeinthewatertoprepareforatwo-hourspacewalk?

tenhours

twentyhours

thirtyhours

hundredsofhours

WhatisNOTmentionedaspartofspacewalktraining?

dealingwithweightlessness

communicatingwiththeship

ingfamiliarwiththeroute

whattonanemergency

Whatdoesitrefertoinline52?

thewalk

thespacecraft

thejetpack

thespacesuit

WhatisNOTtrueaboutSunitaWilliams?

ShehasvisitedtheISSfourtimes.

Shehasspacewalkedformo