陕西省咸阳市永寿中学2021届高三上学期开学考试（摸底）英语试题含答案

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精永寿中学2021届高三上学期开学考试（摸底）英语试题第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hehasn'teatenanysandwichyet.B.Hethinksthefirstsandwichisbetter.C.He'stoofulltoeatanothersandwich.2.Whyaretheneighborsmovingout?A.Theydon'tliketheflat.B.Theycan'taffordthehighrent.C.Thelandlorddoesn'tmeanwhathesays.3.Howdidthemanhearaboutthefire?A.Overthephone. B.Onthetelevision. C.Inthenewspaper.4.Whereisthewomangoingfirst?A.Tothecinema. B.Totheconcert. C.Tothebank.5.Whatarethetwospeakersgoingtodotomorrowafternoon?A.Goshopping.B.Returntothebeach.C.PayavisittoJoeandLinda.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至第7小题。6.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Atanairport. B.Ataseaport. C.Atarailwaystation.7.Howsoonwillthemangetonboard?A.Inabout10minutes. B.Inabout20minutes. C.Inabout30minutes.听第7段材料，回答第8至第10小题。8.Whatcolourofcarpetdoesthemansuggest?A.Blue. B.White. C.Green.9.Whatisthepossibleresultthewomanworriesabout?A.Shecan’treturnthecarpetifshedoesn’tlikeit.B.Shecan’tdecidetherightcolourforthecarpet.C.Shecan'taffordthehighpriceofthecarpet.10.Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inastore. B.Inthestreet. C.Inthewoman'shouse.听第8段材料，回答第11至第13小题。11.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Friends. B.Strangers. C.Neighbours.12.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Theirhabits. B.Theirfamilies. C.Theirneighbours.13.Whatistheman'strouble?A.Hecan'tgiveupsmoking.B.He'softendisturbedatnight.C.Hehasnohouseofhisown.听第9段材料，回答第14至第17小题。14.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Captainandplayer. C.Teacherandstudent.15.Whatisthewoman'smainpurposeoftalkingtotheman?A.Tolearnwhathedoeseveryday.B.Tohelphimtomanagehistimebetter.C.Tosuggestmakingfulluseofhissparetime.16.Howlongdoesthemanworkatthesupermarketeveryday?A.2hours. B.3hours. C.4hours.l7.Whatdoesthemanagreetogiveup?A.Doingapart-timejob.B.Havingfootballpractice.C.Workingatthestudentcenter.听第10段材料，回答第18至第20小题。18.Whatistheman?A.Asportstrainer. B.Aradioreporter. C.Aballplayer.19.Whatisthemandescribing?A.Afootballgame. B.Avolleyballgame. C.Abasketballgame.20.Whichisthewinningteam?A.Germany.B.England. C.Spain.第二部分:阅读理解（共两节，共计40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ASupplyPrimaryTeachersNeededWeworkwithagroupof‘Good’and‘Excellent’schoolslocatedacrossLondon.Wearelookingforexcellentteacherswhohaveapassionforteachingandarelookingfornewopportunities.AboutSupplyTeachingSupplyteachinggivesyouthefreedomandflexibilitytoworkatavarietyofdifferentschools.Youhavetheoptionofday-to-daysupplyorlong-termsupply,whichcouldleadtoafulltimeemployment.Youwouldberequiredtohaveagreatunderstandingoftheprimarycurriculum(课程).Ifyouhaveexperience,thenpleasedon’thesitatetoapply.Youwouldbeworkingwithstudentswhohavevariedneeds.Wearelookingforableanddevotedteacherswhoareabletoteachandengagewiththewholeclasswhileteaching.Supplyrolesaregreatforexperiencedteachersandnewlyqualifiedteacherslookingtogainexperience.KeyResponsibilitiesToteacheffectivelessonsthatinspireandleadtorapidprogressfromallstudents.Toplanandprepareeffectiveschemesofworkandlessons.Touseregularassessmentstosettargetsforstudents,andmonitortheirprogress.Tomaintainregularandproductivecommunicationwithstudentsandparents.ThePerfectCandidateMustholdauniversitydiploma.Abletoworkwellwithinateam.Strongunderstandingoftheprimarycurriculum.Abletocreateinterestingandengaginglessonsforstudents.Deadline:ApplybyThursday,4thJanuary2018at9am.ContactUs Pleasedon'thesitatetocontactusatASQEducation.Ifyoufeellikethisisnotquitetherightroleforyou,pleasestillcontactusatASQEducation,wehaveavarietyofrolesinPrimaryandSecondarySchool.21.Whatmaindutiesshouldasupplyteachertake?A.Plan,prepareandteacheffectivelessons.B.Guidestudentstoexperienceafter-schoolactivities.C.Settargetstobecomeafulltimeemployee.D.Makesureofthestudents’freedomandflexibility.22.Whichofthefollowingisnotsuitabletobeasupplyteacher?A.Onewhohasaclearideaofprimarycurriculum.B.Onewhohasgreatpassionforteaching.C.Onewhohasteachingexperience.D.Onewholikesworkingalone.23.Ifyouwanttoapplyfortheposition,youshould___________.A.havehumorouspersonalityB.applybefore4thJanuary2018at9amC.contacttheschoolslocatedacrossLondondirectlyD.preparealessonandcommunicatewithparentsinadvanceBToday,Ifeltterrible---myheadwasfullofproblemsandconfusion.IdecidedtotakeawalkeventhoughIdidn'tknowwhereIwouldgo.ThemostextraordinarythinghappenedwhenIwasoutonthiswalk.Isawanoldmansittingonachair.Hewasasellerofsecond-handshoes.Heseemedsotiredandnobodywasbuyinghisshoes.IwantedtogivehimsomethingbutIhadnotbroughtanythingwithme.Then,alittlegirlcametowardhim.Iheardthechildsay,"Grandfather,mayIpolishyourshoes?"Thatoldmantookpityonher,smiledandhegaveherashoetopolish.Thegirlsaid,"IpolishtheshoebecauseIneedmoneytobuymybrotheranewschooluniform."Theoldmananswered,"Oh,littlegirl.Juststopdoingthis.ComewithmeandIwillbuyyouauniform."Thentheywalkedtoamarket(Ifollowedbehind)andheboughtherauniform.Thegirlwassohappy.Shesaid,"Thankyousomuchfordoingthis."Thensheleft,leavingtheoldmansmiling.Hewalkedawayfromthemarket,butIstoppedhim.Iwhisperedinhisear,"Youareahero!Thankyouforyourkindness!"AsIwalkedaway,IglancedbackandIcouldseehimstillsmiling.IwasblownawaybythekindnessIhadjustseen.Someonewhohadsolittlehimselfwasabletoshowsuchincrediblegenerosity!Amazing!Myownsadnesshadcompletelydisappeared,chasedawaybythelightofthiskindact.IbeganrealizingthatIhavealottobethankfulfor.24.Whydidthegirlwanttopolishshoesfortheoldman?A.Tosupporttheoldman’sbusiness.B.Toshowherpityontheoldman.C.Toearnmoneytobuysomethingtoherbrother.D.Toattracttheattentionofpassers-bytobuymoreshoes.25.Whatcanweknowabouttheoldmanfromthepassage?A.Hehasnotenoughtoeatandwear.B.Heisverycoldtoothers.C.Heisakindandgenerousman.D.Heisinapoorhealthcondition.26.Whatwordscanbedescribedthegirl’scharacter?A.Friendlyandcaring. B.Greedyandkind.C.Enthusiasticandimpatient. D.Meanandsad.27.Whatmaytheauthorlearnfromtheoldman?A.Comparedwithhelpingothers,personalsadnessisnotimportant.B.Oneshouldlivebyone’sownworknotbyothers’help.C.Oneshouldn’tlookdownupontheonewhoneedshelp.D.Eventhoughonehaslittle,heshouldtrytohelpothers.CAdultsperformbetterwhentheyhavealottogainorlose.Butscientistsdidnotknowwhetherteensdidtoo.Tofindout,Inselasked88peoplebetweentheagesof13and20.Shehadthemtryagame.Theparticipantslookedatpicturesofplanetsonacomputerscreen.Theyhadtoclickasfastastheycouldwhentheysawaplanetwithdesigns.Theywerenotsupposedtoclickifaplanethadnodesigns.Theparticipantscouldearn20centsforrightanswersbutlose10centsforwrongones.Inothersessions,they’dgetadollarforrightanswers,andloseahalfdollarforwrongones.Playersofallageswantedtowinthemoney,andcaredmoreaboutbiggerrewardsthansmallerones.AsInselexpected,adultsperformedbetterwhenthestakeswerehigh.Butteens13to18playedjustaswellwhethertheystoodtowin20centsoradollar.Only19-or20-yearoldssteppeduptheirgameforthehigherstakes.Insel’steampublishedthisworkNovember28,2017,inNatureCommunications.Brainschangeandmatureduringadolescence.Andnotallpartsgrowatthesamerate.Inselwasinterestedintwoareasinparticular.Oneisdeepinsidethebrainandjustabovetheears.Calledtheventralstriatum(腹侧纹状体),ithelpsthebraincalculaterewards.Theventralstriatumbecomesmatureduringtheteenyears.Thebrain’sprefrontalcortex(前额叶)takeslongertomature.Thisareaisimportantforplanningandsettinggoals.Itmaynotmatureuntilearlyadulthood.Nervepathways—thinkofthemasthebrain’s“wiring”—connecttheventralstriatumandprefrontalcortex.Thisletsthetworegionscommunicatetomakedecisions.Butbecausetheprefrontalcortexmatureslater,thewiringbetweenthetwomaynotbecompleteuntiladulthood.28.WhichofthefollowingcanexplainInsel’sresearch?A.Teensignorekeypointsinmanyaspects.B.Adultsbehavebetterwithhigherrewards.C.Teensgivemoreattentiontoexamsthanusualwork.D.Adultsbehavemorematurelythanchildrenineveryway.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stakes”referto?A.Thefinalresultsofgamesorexperiments.B.Thethingsthatcanbegainedorlostinraces.C.Theambitionsorenergiesthatoneexperiencesingames.D.Thepowersthatmakeonefeellesspressureorpain.30.Fromthepassage,wecanknow___________.A.theexperimentaimstofindoutadults’behaviourfacinghighstakesB.teenshavebetterperformancesinthefirstroundsC.adultscarelessabouttheexperimentatfirstD.adultsandteensshowdifferentlywithhighstakes31.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Unlikeadults,teensdon’tperformbetterwithhighstakesB.Whoperformbetter,adultsorchildren?C.Stakesarethekeypointsinpromotingone’spassionD.Whetherlowstakesorhighstakes,onebehavessimilarlyDDriverlesstechnologywillsoonenteranothermajorglobalindustry:shipping.Severalcompaniesrecentlyannouncedplanstolaunchself-sailingshipstoimprovesafetyandefficiency.OneofthemisNorwegianchemicalcompanyYaraInternational.Yarahasdesignedtobuildanautonomousshipexpectedtolaunchnextyear.Theshipisfullyelectrictoreduceairpollution.Itisdesignedtocarrycontainersnormallytransportedbytruck.Thismeanstheshipwillalsoimproveroadsafetybyreplacingabout40,000trucktripsayear.Yaraplanstooperatetheshipsbyremotecontrolbeginningsometimenextyear.By2020,theshipsshouldbeloadingandsailingthemselves.Anothercompanyfocusingonself-sailingshipsistheworld’slargestminingcompany,Australia’sBHPBilliton.Thecompany’sVicePresidentofFreight,RashpalBhatti,recentlyspokeaboutthetechnology.Hesaid,“Ibelieveautomationwillbeoneofthebiggestchangesforshippinginthefuture.”Autonomousshipsofferimportantchancestoimprovesafetyandprovidebetterefficiencyoutcomestothemarinesupplychain.”Headdedthatself-sailingshipscouldbecomearealitywithinthenextdecade.Rolls-Royce,theBritishautomobileandenginemanufacturer,isalsodevelopingunmannedshippingtechnologies.OskarLevanderisthecompany’sheadofmarineoperations.Hetoldaconferencelastyear,“Thisishappening.It’snotif,it’swhen.”Severalshippingcompanieshaveinvestedhundredsofmillionsofdollarstodevelopself-sailingshipsexpectedtobeusedby2025.Theseshipswillbeequippedwithtechnologytocollectweatherandseadata.Theywillthenusethedatatoplanoutthesafest,shortestandmostfuel-efficientroute.32.Whatadvantagesdoesthedriverlessshiphaveaccordingtothepassage?A.Environmentalfriendly.B.Withoutnoise.C.Lowcost.D.Havingstrongershipbody.33.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Australia’sBHPBillitonistheworld’slargestshipcompany.B.Theshipswillworkalmostautomaticallyby2020.C.Bhattiisn’tsureofthefutureofdriverlessship.D.Self-sailingshipswillbeusedinacoupleofyears.34.WhatattitudedoesOskarLevanderhavetothenewdriverlessship?A.Unsure.B.Doubtful.C.Sure.D.Objective.35.Whereisprobablythepassagetakenfrom?A.Aphysicstextbook. B.Atravelbooklet.C.Anadvertisement. D.Asciencereport.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多项。Herearesomewaysofencouragingafriendtogetthroughadifficulttime.1.Makecontact.Whenyoufindoutthatsomeoneisgoingthroughacrisis,getincontactwiththemassoonaspossible.Ifthepersonisfaraway,makeaphonecallorsendanemail.36Thisisespeciallyimportantifthey'redealingwithanillnessthatmakesitdifficulttoleavethehouse.2.Listentothemwithoutjudgment.Peopleneedtotelltheirstoriesintheirowntime.Ofcourseyou'regoingtohaveopinionsabouttheirsituation.37Focusonyourfriend,sotheyworkthroughthehealingprocess.3.Offerpracticalhelp.Insteadofofferingadvice,whatyoucanofferissomeactualhelp.Thiscanmakeahugedifferenceforthem.38Helpthemoutwithsomechoreslikedoingtheirgroceryshoppingforthem,helpingcleantheirhouse,andtakingtheirdogforawalk.4.39Whensomeoneisgoingthroughadifficultlifeevent,thebasicfunctionsoflifetendtogetforgotten.Theypossiblyforgettoeatorstopcaringfortheirappearance.Remindthemtodothingslikeshower,andexercise.5.Don’ttakeovertheirlife.Takingovertheirlifemayoverwhelmthem.40Don'tjusttakeyourfriendtodinner,askthemwhereandwhentheywanttodine.Lettingthemmakedecisions,evenifthey'resmalldecisions,cangolongwaytowardsreclaimingtheirpower.A.Evendoingsomelittlethingscanmakeadifference.B.Youshouldofferoptionstothem.C.Sometimesvisitingsomeoneinpersonisalsoeffective.D.Youshoulduseyourpastexperiencestohelpthem.E.Butitisn'talwaysnecessarytoshareyouradvice.F.It’sbettertobethereforthem.G.Encourageyourfriendtokeepupwiththelifebasics.第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完型填空（共20小题，每小题1.5，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。I'dliketoshareastoryfromover25yearsagothatchangedmylife.DuringavacationtriptoCalifornia,Imanagedto41sometimetostaywithfamilyfriendsinnorthernCaliforniabutthatmeantintheshorttimeIneededtofindmywaytothebusstation,some30milesaway.Beingapoorstudent,Ihadlittle42togetthere.Itriedtocallvarious43buttheywerealltoo44topickmeup.Then,Igotonepersononthephonewho45totransportmewithlimited46!Hecametopickmeupabout45minuteslater.Thedriverwas47andIrememberwondering48thetaxididn’thaveameter.Thedriverwassokind.HeknewIwasupsetsohe49mewithstoriesandgoodconversation.HesaidIlookedlikehis50.Atonepoint,Iaskedhimwhyhe51solittlecomparedtotheothers.Then,heexplainedthathewasactually52andhadn’t53hisnumberfromthephonebook.WhenIcalled,clearly54,hefeltthatheshouldcometohelp.Thismandroveanhourtohelpa55hedidn’tknowforafeethatbarelycoveredhisgas,ifthat!Thisman’s56warmsmyhearteverytimeIthinkofhim.57,Ididn’tgethisnameandhisfacehassincefadedfrommymemory.Butheisonmy58oftenandIwishIcouldthankhim59.“ThankyouMr.AngelTaxi-Man!Ihopeyourgranddaughterknowswhata60grandfathershehas!"41.A.spend B.spare C.waste D.kill42.A.money B.time C.energy D.effort43.A.train B.tram C.ferry D.taxis44.A.reasonable B.unbelievable C.expensive D.cheap45.A.refused B.agreed C.asked D.tried46.A.distances B.funds C.space D.time47.A.old B.young C.rich D.poor48.A.when B.why C.where D.how49.A.laughed B.helped C.distracted D.absorbed50.A.granddaughterB.grandson C.friend D.daughter51.A.charged B.paid C.cost D.took52.A.graduated B.lost C.retired D.recovered53.A.changed B.removed C.converted D.corrected54.A.astonished B.pleased C.eager D.upset55.A.relative B.neighbour C.stranger D.student56.A.kindness B.intelligence C.caution D.care57.A.Luckily B.SurprisinglyC.Regretfully D.Anxiously58.A.shoulder B.mind C.work D.relaxation59.A.inperson B.inall C.inadvance D.inbrief60.A.powerful B.grateful C.useful D.wonderful第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在答题卡相应位置处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Oneweekend,RobertaUrsrey’sfamilywenttotheseasideforatravel.Atfirst,everythingwentwell.Butsuddenly,RobertaUrsreysawhertwosons61(struggle)againstthetide100yardsoutfromshore.SeveralotherUrsreyfamilymembersalongwithanearbycouple,jumpedinthewater62(help)themand63(catch)inthetide.Therewasn’talifeguard64dutyandthesituationwasgrowingmoreandmoredangerous.Sobeachgoersbeganlinkingarmsandheadingintotheocean.People65couldn'tevenswimwaspartofthathumanchain.Oneonlooker,JessicaMaeSimmonsknewshecouldsavethoseduetoherstrongswimmingskills.Althoughsomewereworriedaboutheadingoutintothesea,Simmonsfelt66(confidence)shecouldbringeveryonetosafety.Simmonsandherhusbandgrabbedtwoboardsandpaddleddownthehumanchainuntilshereachedthe67(swimmer).Sherescuedthemonebyoneandwheneveryonereturnedtothebeach,thecrowdcheered68(happy).Simmonssaidshestayedcalm69shestronglyfelteveryonewouldbeokayintheend,especiallywheneveryonepulledtheirstrengthtogethertosaveperfectstrangers.Thankstoonlookers’willingnesstoleapintoactionandSimmons’70(brave),beachgoerssavedseverallivesthatday.第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:①每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；②只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Ialwayswantedtoraiseapet,butmymotherdidn’tagreewithbecauseIevencouldn’tlookafterherselfwell.Butrecently,mymotherchangesherattitude.Sheboughtmealovelycatformybirthdaygift.Ipromisedkeepitwell.Sinceraisedthislovelycreature,Ibecamepatient.Themostimportantthingwastofeedfoodontimeandcleanedtheplacethatthecatlived.SometimesIfeltsodirtytodoit,althoughIhadmademypromiseandcouldn’tbreakmywords.Ilearnedalotfromraisingapet.Istartedtoconsidermymother’sfeelingswhenIbecamenaughtily.Ineededtomakesomechangesandbeabettergirl.

第二节书面表达（满分25分）假定你是李华，从互联网上得知一个国际中学生组织将在新加坡(Singapore)举办夏令营，欢迎各国学生参加。请写一封电子邮件申请参加。内容主要包括:1.自我介绍(包括英语能力);2.参加意图(介绍中国、了解其他国家);3.希望获准.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________