名词性从句之宾语从句与表语从句课件

名词性从句名词性从句1主语+be+表语

主语+do+宾语名词名词主语+be+表语主语+do+宾语名词2名词性从句名词性从句在功能上相当于名词主语

{Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.表语Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.

{名词性从句名词性从句在功能上相当于名词主语{His3宾语

{Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.同位语

{Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.宾语{Idon’tlikehisjob.Id4什么叫名词性从句？在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(NounClauses）名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句什么叫名词性从句？5

名词性从句nounclause

主语从句subjectclause

宾语从句objectclause

表语从句predicativeclause

同位语从句appositiveclause名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句6连接词1.只起连接作用不作任何成分______、______和_____.其中whether和if有是否之意。e.g.Sheaskedme

shecouldborrowthesebooks.

Hetoldustheyweregooddoctors.2.连接代词作主语、宾语、表语和定语指事物______和______区别_______无范围；_______有范围，强调哪一个。指人________、_________和__________;3.连接副词作状语指时间_________地点_________原因___________方式____________

thatif/whetherthatwhetherifwhatwhichwhatwhichwhowhomwhosewhenwherewhyhow疑问词+ever与疑问词的区别是什么？疑问词+ever=anythingthat或anyonewho/whom连接词thatif/whetherthatwhet7ObjectClauses

宾语从句ObjectClauses

宾语从句8宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。句子结构：主句+连词（引导词）+宾语从句宾语从句的概念：句子结构：9一、连词（引导词）

1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略LinTaofeels

(that)

hisownteamisevenbetter.

Shesays

(that)

shewon’ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.Jimthought

(that)

thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.一、连词（引导词）LinTaofeels(that)10☺宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：（1）当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省；（2）当that作介词(except,but,in)宾语时，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.☺宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：11常见的it作形式宾语的结构有find/make/think/consider/believe/feel+it+adj./n.+that从句/todo/doing☺在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句I’msorry

(that)

Idon’tknow.We’resure

(that)

ourteamwillwin.I’mafraid

(that)

hewon’tpasstheexam.常见的it作形式宾语的结构有find/make/think/12That作连接词时，除少数介词外，从句一般不能作介词的宾语。that引导的从句如果作其他介词的宾语，需用it作形式宾语，而把that从句后置。e.g.YoumaydependonitthatIwillalwaysloveyou.类似用法e.g.①Ihateitwhenpeoplespeakwiththeirmouthfull.②Iappreciateitifyouhelpmewithmyhomework.That作连接词时，除少数介词外，从句一般不能作介词的宾语13☺demand,order,suggest,decide,insist,desire,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句中谓语常用“should+动词原形”should可以省略。Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.Theycommandedourcellphones___duringthemeeting.AturnedoffBcouldbeturnedoffCbeturnedoffDturnoff☺注意动词doubt的否定结构和疑问句才可以接that从句。Idon’tdoubtthathewillbeagainsttheidea.Idoubtwhether/ifhewillbeagainsttheidea.DoyoudoubtthatIcanfinishitontime?C☺demand,order,suggest,decide,i142.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略Lilywantedtoknow

if/whether

hergrandmalikedthehandbag.Let’ssee

if/whether

wecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.Sheaskedme

if/whether

shecouldborrowthesebooks.2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引15whether与if的辨用表“是否”时，在下列情况下用whether。a.主语从句

b.表语从句

c.同位语从句

d.介词后的宾语从句

e.后接动词不定式(whethertodosth.)

f.whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用ifwhether与if的辨用表“是否”时，在下列情况下用whe16Practicetimeif/whether

1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.

3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.

4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.

5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.

8.Idon’tknow_______togo.

if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhetherPracticetimeif/whether

1.I173.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what,who,whom,which,whose）或连接副词（when,where,how,why）引导，因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?Idon’trememberwhenwearrived.IaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney.Pleasetellmewho(whom)wehavetosee.Doyouknowwhattimetheplaneleaves?3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what,wh18带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句Couldyoutellushowoftenyougoabroadforaholiday?Couldyoutellushowlongthemeetingwilllast?Idon’tknowhowfaritistothecinema.Pleasetellushowmanystudentsthereareinyourschool?Canyoutellushowoldhisbrotheris?Pleasetellushowsoonyouwillbeready.CouldyoutellushowmuchitcoststoflytoHainan?带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句Couldyou19二、时态1.如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.二、时态Iknowheliveshere.202.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）Iknewwholivedhere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Hesaidthathehadseenit.2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么213.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。Theteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理Theteacher22宾语从句的时态一致：主句--过去,宾从--过去例外:主句--过去，宾从--一般现在(真理性事实)Mymothertoldmethesun____fromtheeast.TomaskedmewhyKFC_____itspriceagain.(raise,rise)risesraised宾语从句的时态一致：Mymothertoldmeth23Theradiosaysit_______cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey_________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)

willbe

goes

wereplaying

havereturned

hadbeen

Theradiosaysit_______cl246.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)7.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)8.LingFengtoldmehe_________totheGreatWallseveraltimes.(be)

wrote

hastaken

hadbeen

6.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe25三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分三、语序26wh-词+陈述语序连接代词:who,what连接副词:when,where,why,how《我是谁》《忘了我是谁》whoamI?forgetwhoIam《你是谁》《忘了你是谁》whoareyou?forgetwhoyouarewh-词+陈述语序《我是谁》whoamI?《你是谁》w271.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.

2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?Idon’tknowwhathewantstobuy.Idon’tknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.

1.Whenwillhegotothelibr281.Shesaidshe_____onmeatthecomingweekend.AwillcallBwouldcallCisgoingtocallDwasabouttocall2.Whenchanginglanes,adrivershouldusehisturningsignaltoletotherdriversknow____.AheisenteringwhichlaneBwhichlaneheisenteringCisheenteringwhichlaneDwhichlaneisheenteringBB1.Shesaidshe_____onmeat293.Couldyoushowme____?AwhereistheBird’sNestBwheretheBird’sNestisCwherewastheBird’sNestDwheretheBird’sNestwascould/would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。3.Couldyoushowme____?could303.否定的转移:若主语谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。Idon’t

thinkthisdressfitsyouwell.(我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。)3.否定的转移:若主语谓语动词为think,consid31注意反意疑问句的变化规则：当主语是第一人称I时，反意疑问句要与从句保持一致。e.g.Idon’tthinkthemilkpowerincidentisanaccident,____?AisitBisn’titCdoIDdon’tI反之则与主句主语保持一致e.g.HethinksAnnisright,_____he?doesn’t注意反意疑问句的变化规则：当主语是第一人称I时，反意疑问句要321.

Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.

Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime

4.Doesanybodyknow______ornotwewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekend.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABC1.

Theyoungmanasked_____i335.Couldyoushowme________?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation6.Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike7.Mysistertoldhim________.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD5.Couldyoushowme________348.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis9.Couldyoutellmehowlong__________?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina10.Hesaysthatifit_______tomorrow,he_______fishing.A.willrain,won'tgoB.rained,wasn'tgoC.rains,won'tgoD.rain,willgoBCD8.Someoneisringingthedoor35断句始:空格

末:第二个谓语动词之前

that/whether/ifwhat/whowhen/where/why/how宾语从句做题思路：注意：陈述语序时态一致断始:空格末:第二个谓语动词之前that/whet36Hisgrandfatherwasamongthefirsttosettlein_isnowafamousholidaycenter.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.thatCHisgrandfatherwasamongthe37Thechildrenaretalkingabout_shouldbetheleaderofthegroup.A.who B.whom C.that D.whetherThepersoninchargeisMr.Leeabout_wejusttalked.A.who B.whom C.that D.whetherABThechildrenaretalkingabo38PredicativeClauses

表语从句PredicativeClauses

表39表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。另外,常用的还有thereasonwhy…isthat…和Itisbecause…等结构。系动词你记住了吗？表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一40.表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后.作用:对主语进行解释说明。连接词：that/whether/asif/asthough（if不引导表语从句)连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what连接副词：when/where/why/how/because

Thequestioniswhether

wecanrelyonhim.

That’sbecause

wewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.

Helookedasif

hewasgoingtocry.That’swhy

Iwaslate.连接