2023年新目标英语九年级第3单元知识点

第三单元知识点：Couldyouplease…?意为“请你……好吗？”，是表达请求的礼貌用语，后接动词原形。其否认形式是在please后加not.eg:Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?Couldyoupleasenotplaysocceronthestreet?注：1、could为情态动词，意为“能，会，可以”，在此处表达委婉的语气，并非can的过去式，故宾语从句不需用过去时态。eg:Couldyoupleasetellme____________?A.whereIcangetadictionaryB.wherecanIgetadictionaryC.whereIcouldgetadictionaryD.wherecouldIgetadictionary解析:由于宾语从句规定使用陈述句语序，故排除B、D两项，又因could表委婉的语气而非can的过去式，故宾语从句不需用过去的时态，因此选A2、Couldyouplease….?的答语肯定回答：Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly/Noproblem/I’dlove/liketo.等否认回答:Sorry,Ican’t/Sorry,I’dlove/liketo,but…/Sorry,I’mafraidnot.等eg:----Couldyougoshoppingwithme？----_______.MyfatherandIwillgotoWuhantomorrow.A.IthinksoB.Yes,IhopesoC.I’mafraidsoD.Sorry,I‘mafraidnot解析：根据答语可知对方不去，其否认回答通常用Sorry,Ican’t/Sorry,I’mafraidnot等，故选D3、表达委婉的请求及请求允许做某事的句型尚有：Would/Willyoupleasedosth…?Wouldyouliketodosth…?2、名词作定语：名词可以用来修饰另一个名词，表达材料、类别、用途等。名词作定语时常使用单数形式。eg：ashoefactory鞋厂afruitshop水果店注：1、sport作定语时常用复数形式asportscar一辆跑车sportsshoes运动鞋2、man和woman作定语时有数的变化，其单复数形式与其所修饰的名词的数保持一致。amanteacher一位男教师twomenteachers两位男教师3、辨析：past,over,across与throughPast从……旁边通过表达时间上的“超过”或空间上的“通过”Over从……上方跨越而过表达动作发生在物体的上方Across横穿；越过表达动作是在某一物体的表面进行的，强调从一端到另一端Through穿过；越过表达动作是在某一空间内进行的，强调从内部穿过eg:1、Themaniswalkingpastashop.2、Thereisabridgeovertheriver.3、Thelittleboyiswalkingacrosstheroad.4、Hecangothroughtheforestbyhimself.4、”疑问词+动词不定式（todo）”结构可在句中作主语、宾语和表语，常见的疑问词涉及：疑问代词what、who、which和疑问副词where、when、why、how等eg:1、Howtogetthereisaquestion.(作主语)2、Wedon’tknowwhentohaveameeting.(作宾语)3、Theproblemishowtochoose.(作表语)4、---Whichdressdoyoulikebest,Madam?---Sorry,Ican’tdecide_______now.A.tobuywhichoneB.buywhichoneC.whichonetobuyD.whichIshouldbuyit解析：此题考察“疑问词+动词不定式”，故排除A、B,又因D选项中which作buy的宾语，不用再加it，故排除D,因此选C注：具有宾语从句的复合句在一定的条件下可以转化为简朴句若主句的主语与从句的主语一致，则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以变成“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构Eg1、Idon’tknowhowIshoulddoitnext.----Idon’tknowhowtodoitnext.2、Haveyoudecidedwhereyouwilltakeavacation?(改为简朴句)Haveyoudecided_________________avacation?解析：wheretotake,由于在宾语从句中，主句的主语和从句的主语是一致的，故可以换成“疑问词+动词不定式”结构5、Pardonme的用法1、要打扰别人时，意为“对不起，劳驾，打扰一下”，相称于ExcusemePardonme,isthisyourhandbag?对不起，这是你的手提包吗?2、没听清对方的话，希望对方反复一遍时，意为“什么，请再说一遍”，读时用升调相称于Pardon?或Ibegyourpardon?Pardonme,Icouldn’thearitclearly.请再说一次，我没能听清楚。3、对自己的过错、失礼等表达歉意时，意为“对不起”Oh,pardonme,Ididn,tmeantointerruptyou.哦，对不起，我不是故意要打扰你Eg:----Openthewindowplease,Mike.----______?Ididn’thearwhatyousaid.A.WhatB.PardonC.ReallyD.Allright解析：根据答语中“我没有听清你说什么”可知，是规定对方重说一遍。故选B6、当名词所有格限定的是表达住宅、诊所、商店等的名词时，该名词通常可以省略eg：1、Theyareatthedoctor’s(office).他们在诊所。2、Heisgoingtohisaunt’s(house)thisSunday.这个星期天他打算去他姑姑家。3、atthebarber’s(shop)在理发店4、----WhereisMike?----Hemightbe______.A.inJimB.inJim’sC.atJimD.atJim’s 解析：在家应用at,又因名词所有格限定的是表达住宅的名词，并且在此省略。故选D7、spend、take、cost与paySbspendsomemoney/sometimeon/doingsth花费时间、金钱做某事Sbpaysomemoneyforsth做某事花费某人多长时间SthcostSbsomemoney某物花费某人多少钱Ittakessbsometimetodosth做某事花费某人多长时间eg:Ispentonehundredyuanbuying/onthepresent.Ipaidonehundredyuanforthepresent.Thepresentcostmeonehundredyuan. Ittookme30minutestogettoschool.I______someofmyfreetimeplayingbasketballformyschoolteam.A.spendB.costC.takeD.pay 解析：由主语是I可排除B、C,又因spend…doingsth,pay…for…及playing可知此题选A8、include及物动词，意为“涉及，包含”。Including用作介词时，意为“涉及”eg:Thepriceincludesboththehouseandthefurnitureinit. Therearesevenpeopleinmyfamily,includingmygrandparents.9、suchas与forexamplesuchas意为“例如”，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个作为例子forexample意为“例如”，一般只以同类食物或人中的一个为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末eg:Chinahasmanybigcities,suchasBeijing,ShanghaiandShenzhen. Noise,forexample,isakindofpollution.10、词性转换：1、许多动词的后面可加后缀er或or构成名词 speak-----speakerwrite----writerinvent----inventorvisit----visitor2、形容词后加ly变成相应的副词 direct---directly(直接地)polite---politely(有礼貌地)correct---correctly(对的的) egTomthinkspeoplewillhelphimifheasksforhelp______(polite) 解析：空格处需用副词来修饰前面的动词asks,故填politely3、加否认前缀构成反义词 A.dis-表达“分开；分离；不” like—dislikeagree---disagree B.in-(im-,ir-)表达“不，无” possible—impossiblepolite---impolitedirect—indirectexpensive--inexpensive C.un-表达“不，非” able---unablelike(像)---unlikecrowded---uncrowded happy—unhappyhealthy---unhealthy4、形容词转化为名词 important---importanceconvenient---convenienceconfident---confidence5、名词转化为形容词 safe---safetydanger---dangerous11、to为介词的短语lookforwardto盼望；期待leadinto引入；导入12、request可数名词，意为“规定；请求”，其后常接for+n,意为“规定；请求”request及物动词，意为“规定：请求”，常见用法有：1、requeststh(fromsb),意为“（向某人）请求某事/某物 Themanrequestedsomehotwaterfromme.2、requestsbtodosth请求某人做某事 Sherequestedmetostoptolistentoher.3、request+that从句（从句用虚拟语气：should+动词原形,should可以省略），意为“请求”Irequestedthatshe(should)comeanhourearlier.13、suggest及物动词,意为“建议；建议”，名词形式为suggestion,意为“建议；建议”。其用法为：1、suggeststh建议、建议某事 Hesuggestedawalk2、suggestdoingsth建议做某事 Shesuggestedgoingtherebybike.3、suggest+that引导的宾语从句，意为“建议……”，这时宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“（should+）动词原形” Hesuggested(that)we(should)doitatonce.Suggest还可意为“暗示；表白”Hispalefacesuggestedthathewasill.14、staff集体名词，意为“管理人员；职工”，指整体时，看作单数；指成员时，看作复数。Weneedmorestaffintheoffice.Thestaffintheshopareveryhelpful.Thestaff_____towearuniformsintheoffice.A.isaskingB.askC.areaskingD.areasked解析：staff指成员，看作复数，所以排除A、B,又因staff与ask之间表被动，故选D15、until是介词，意为“到……为止”，常用于not…until结构中，意思是“直到…才”Shedidn’tgotobeduntil10o’clock.until也可作连词，其后接句子IwatchedTVuntilhecameback.eg:Tomdidn’tgotobed______hefinishedhishomeworklastnight. A.sinceB.asC.untilD.while解析：since“自从”，as“当……的时候”，until“直到…为止”，while“当…的时候”，根据句意，此题考察not…until,直到…才…，故选C练习：一、单项选择1、---Couldyoupleasetellme________?---They’reoverthere.A.wherearetherestrooms

B.whereweretherestroomsC.wheretherestroomsare

D.wheretherestroomswere2、

–Excuseme,canIinterviewMr.Millerthisafternoon?--Amoment,please.Letmecheck

.A.

ifMr.Millerwillbefree

B.whenwillMr.Millerhavetime

C.ifMr.Millerhadanappointment

D.whendoesMr.Millercomeback3、Couldyouwellme______?

A.

what’sthematterwithTom

B.whatthematterwithTomis

C.whatthematterwithisTomD.whatwasthematterwithTom4、Somepeoplewon’trealizetheimportanceoftheirhealth______theyhavelostit.

A.after

B.when

C.until

D.as5、Pleasespeak_________.Ican’tfollowyou.

A.quick

B.quickly

C.slow

D.slowly6、Ienjoyplayingcomputergames,butIcan’t________toomuchtime_______that.A.take;doing

B.spend;doing

C.spend;

fordoing

D.take;todo7、

Itwilltakethemenhalfayear________thework.A.finishB.finishingC.tofinishD.finishes8、

Thanksalotfor______me______yourparty.A.invite;for

B.invite;to

C.inviting;for

D.inviting;to9、Hewouldlike

inChina.A.tostay

B.staying

C.staysD.stayed10、It______metwohours_____myhomeworkonSundays.A.spends…doingB.takes…todoC.takes…on

D.spend…todo11、Heoftenplayscomputergames_______twelveo’clock.A

when

B

to

C

until

D

for12、Youcan’tgo________thedoor.A.through

B.along

C.across

D.over13、Couldyoutellmetheway_____thezoo?

A.on

B.to

C.inD.of14、Thissingersangmanysongs,________someofLiuHuan’s.A.besides

B.including

C.without

D.beside15、Themoonlightisshining(照耀)in____________thewindow.Everythingintheroomlookssonice.

A.over

B.across

C.through

D.past16、YesterdayImetAmy____________________.

A.onmywayhome

B.inmywayhome

C.onmywaytohome

D.inmywaytohome17、Howmuchdidyoupay________thatbike?A.over

B.off

C.on

D.for18、---HowwasyourtriptoLianyungang?

---Wonderful.Ontheway____HuaguoMountain,wesawsomehousesdifferentfromours.

A.to

B.by

C.at

D.on19、Walk________thesupermarketandturnleft_________thesecondcrossing.A.pass;at

B.past;in

C.passed;on

D.past;at

20、Turnright_____thefirstcrossingandtheparkis______yourright.

A.on,on

B.at,at

C.at,on

D.on,at21、Mr.Green’sofficeis_______the26thfloor.Youcantaketheliftthere.A.at

B.in

C.on

D.for22、

toschool,theymettheirChineseteacher.A.Ontheirways

B.Onthemways

C.Ontheirway

D.Onthemway二、补全对话23、完毕下列对话。选择恰当的句子，完毕下列对话。A:____1____B:Yes,please.CouldyoutellmethewaytotheFirstPeople'sHospital?A:Letmesee.Oh,it'sfarfromhere.B:____2____A:Aboutfivemiles.____3____B:W