现在完成时语法及练习

现在完成时语法及练习Class Name Number 一、现在完成时的构成：主语+have/has+过去分词(过去分词:规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同；不规则动词需要特殊记忆。)专项练习(一)( )1.IEnglishinthisschoolsince1999.A.taught B.havetaughtC.teachD.wouldteach( )2.LiLei thepenforfiveyears.A.hashad B.boughtC.havehadD.havebought()3.Kate hergrandmother'sphotobefore.A.haven'tseen B.haveseen C.see D.hasn'tseen()4. Mary youthesedays?A.Has,seen B.Do,see C.Did,see D.Is,seeing()5.Sofar,we thousandsofbuildingsinGuangzhou.A.build B.havebuild C.buildD.willbuild二、否定式：主语+haven't/hasn't+过去分词。疑问式：Have/Has+主语+过去分词？简略答语：Yes,主语+have/has・（肯定） No,主语+haven't/hasn't•（否定）专项练习（二）)1.--Haveyoufinishedyourwork?A.Yes,Ihave. B.Yes,Ido.)2.--HassheeverlearnedEnglish?A.Yes,shehas. B.Yes,shedoes.C.Yes,Iam.D.Yes,Idid.C.No,shedoesn'tD.No,shehas( )3.He finishedhishomework.yet.A.doesn'tB.haven'tC.hasn'tD.doesn'thave现在完成时的含义之一：表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果常与never/ever，just，already/yet，（1） 以already,just和yet为标志，刚刚或还没有发生。如：我已经完成了我的作业。他刚刚看过这部电影他还没有回来。（2） 以ever和never为标志。发生过。三、before，sofar等连用。already,just和yet表示到现在为止动作或状态已经、Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.Hehasjustseenthefilm.Hehasn'tcomebackyet.。ever和never表示到现在为止动作或状态曾经或从来没有如：这是我看过的最好看的电影。他从来没有去过北京。ThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.HehasneverbeentoBeijing.(3)以动作发生的次数为标志。若某一动作到现在为止已经发生了若干次，则要使用现在完成时。如：他说他已经去过美国三次。HesayshehasbeentotheUSAthreetimes.(4)以sofar为标志。sofar往往表示到目前为止动作或状态已经发生。如：到目前为止，他已经收集了几千张邮票。Hehascollectedthousandsofstampssofar.专项练习(三)( )1.--Haveyou travelledonthetrain？--Yes,Ihave.A.never B.ever C.just D.yet( )2.--Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?--Not .A.everB.already C.yet D.just( )3.Wehaven'tfinishedourhomework .A.already B.ever C.yet D.never( )4.--Haveyou learnedEnglish?--Yes,I've learnedalot.A.never,everB.ever,neverC.ever,alreadyD.already,ever( )5.--Haveyoufinishedyourhomework ? --Yes,I'vedonethat A.yet,alreadyB.already,yet C.ever,never D.still,just( )6.John'sfather borrowedsomepictures.A.havealready B.hasjustC.haveever D.hasyet四、现在完成时含义之二：表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态。常与for,since,，howlong，thesedays等连用。Since+过去点的时间。(since短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今，since之后的时间为过去的某个时间点)如：史密斯先生1984年就在这工作了。 Mr.Smithhasworkedheresince1984.他读大学以来已经学会了大约5000个单词。He'slearnedabout5,000Englishwordssincehewenttocollege.for+一段时间(数词+量词)，(for短语表示动作延续多长时间，for后接时间段。对时间段提问用疑问词howlong提问。)如：我们已经认识二十年了。 Wehaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears.我很长时间没看到她了。 Ihaven'tseenherforalongtime,专项练习(四)用since和for填空HehaslivedinNanjing theyearbeforelast.I'veknownhim wewerechildren.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese threeyears.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity abouttenyears.It'sabouttenyears sheleftthecity.选择填空：( )1.I'vebeenlikethiseversince .A.lastweekB.foraweekC.aweekbeforeD.thelastweek( )2.Mymotherhasworkedinthisfactory 2years.A.about B.forC.in D.since( )3.Ihaven'theardfromhim astweek.A.since B.for C.ago D.before( )4.Hisfatherjoinedtheparty A.forthreeyears B.sincethreeyearsagoC.threeyearsago D.intwoyears'time( )5.Hemovedherein1999,andhehasbeenhere .A.atthattime B.forfiveyearsagoC.sincefouryears D.forfouryears( )6.Tomhasbeenawayfromhome aboutfivedaysago.A.\ B.in C.sinceD.for五、 句式：主句(现在完成时)+since+从句(一般过去时)专项练习(五)()1.She Englishinourschooleversinceshe here.A.hastaught,come B.taught,cameC.hastaught,hascome D.teaches,hascome( )2.OurEnglishteacher inourschoolsincehe toChina.A.hastaught,come B.taught,comeC.hastaught,hascome D.teaches,hascome()3.She inGuangzhousinceshe bornin1980A.haslived,hasbeen B.haslived,wasC.lived,hasbeen D.lived,was六、 句式：It'S■一段时间+since从句(用一般过去时)专项练习(六)()l.It'stenyearssinceshe .A.hasleft B.hasbeenaway C.left D.leave( )2.It'sthreeyearssincehe thearmy.A.hasjoined B.hasbeeninC.join D.joined七、 havebeenin,havebeento与havegoneto的用法(1)have(has)beenin表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since,for,howlong等。如：布朗先生在上海已经三天了。Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.(2)have(has)beento表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just,ever,never等连用。如：我已经去过邮局了。Ihavejustbeentothepostoffice.玛丽从来没有去过长城。MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.你去过杭州吗？HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou?注意：have(has)beento后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。：如：我去过北京三次。 IhavebeentoBeijingthreetimes.。他们去过那个村子几次了。Theyhavebeentothatvillageseveraltimes.(3)have(has)goneto意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。如：汤姆在哪？他去书店了。 --WhereisTom?--Hehasgonetothebookshop.。杰克去伦敦了。他三天后会回来。JackhasgonetoLondon.Hewillcomebackinthreedays.专项练习(七)( )1.Mrs.Whitesisn'there,she London,she theremanytimes.A.hasbeento,went B.hasgoneto,hasbeenC.wentto,hasgone D.hasbeento,hasgone( )2.Shehas toBeijingtwice.A.gone B.got C.been D.come( )3.--Where yourfather ,LiLei?--ToBeijingA.have,beenB.has,been C.have,gone D.has,gone( )4.Mr.Greenisn'tintheoffice,He tothelibrary.A.hasgone B.wentC.hasbeen D.willgo( )5.Mr.Smith toTokyoandhewillbebackinaweek.A.hasbeen B.hasvisitedC.hassentD.hasgone( )6.They Chinafortwoyears.A.havebeento B.havebeeninC.havegonetoD.havecometo八、Howlong与现在完成时专项练习（八）()1.-- haveyoubeenhere?---SincelastyearA.HowfarB.HowlongC.HowoftenD.Howsoon()2. __hasHanMeibeeninthelibrary.A.HowlongB.HowsoonC.HowfarD.Howoften()3.Howlong_ he thelibrarybook.A.has,borrowB.has,keptC.has,boughtD.did,buy九、短暂性动词在与一段时间连用时，需要转换成延续性动词。专项练习（九）（ ）1.--HowlongcanI thisbook?--TwoweeksA.borrow B.keep C.lend D.return( )2.Herfather in1990andherhusband formorethanfiveyearsA.died,deadB.hasdied,deadC.died,hasbeendeadD.hasdied,hasdied( )3.Ihave thisnicewatchfortwoyears.A.had B.boughtC.borrowed D.lend( )4.He hishomefortenyears.A.hasleft B.leftfromC.hasbeenawayfromD.wasawayfrom( )5.He aleaguememberforthreeyearsA.is B.hasbeenC.hasbecomeD.havebecome( )6.LiHua'sbrotherhas ortwoyears.A.joinedthearmyB.beenanarmyC.becomeasoldierD.beeninthearmy( )7.Hehasn't Guangzhoueversinceheleftschool.A.left B.beenawayC.been D.away十、现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较：(1)现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去，或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。试比较：Theplanehasarrived. 飞机已经来了。(说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿)Theplanearrivedaquarterago.飞机一刻钟以前来的。(强调动作发生的时间在过去)Ihavetaughthereforfifteenyears.我在这儿已经教了十五年。(表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。)Itaughthereforayear.我过去在这儿教过一年。(表示“我”现在已经不在这儿任教了)(2)When常与一般过去时连用，Howlong常与现在完成时连用如：你什么时候来的北京？WhendidyoucometoBeijing?你来北京多长时间了？HowlonghaveyoubeeninBeijing?专项练习(十)( )1.--Haveyoufinishedyourhomework--Yes,I itlastnight.A.finishB.finishedC.havefinishedD.willfinish( )2.-- youever toNanjing?--Yes,I therelastyear.A.Have,gone;havegone B.Have,been;wentC.Did,go;went D.Did,go;has,been( )3.--When you LucyinNewYork?--I herefortwoyears.A.did,meet;haven'tseen B.did,meet;haven'tseenC.did,meet;don'tsee D.would,meet;hadn'tseen( )4.--Howlong you eijing?---Forabouttenyears.A.have,cometoB.have,beeninC.did,cometoC.have,goneto用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A:Where LiFei ?B:He toHainanIsland.A:Howlong he there?B:He thereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:I'mafraidhewon'tcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?B:Sorry,I never there.A:Howmanytimes LiFei tothatplace?B:He thereonlyonce.B)用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto的各种形式填空。WhereisJack?He hiscountry.David theparkjustnow.John Englandsincehecameback.Howlong have thisvillage?TheSmiths Beijingforyears. youever America?--Yes,I theremanytimes.I thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.WhereisJim?He thefarm.[ExerciseslO]A)按要求把短暂性转换为延续性动词arriveat/insw.getto/reachsw.come/go/movetosw.—beinsw./atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethereHegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.He Beijingfor ImovedtotheUSAlastyear.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zI theUSAsince ___Iwenthomeyesterday.I homefor .Theycameherelastweek.They heresince .come/goback,returnfbeback come/gooutfbeoutHecameouttwoyearsago.He for WereturntoFuzhouyesterday.We toFuzhousince .becomefbeIbecameateacherin2000.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zI ateacherfor .Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver dirtyfor .closefbeclosedopenfbeopen1)Theshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop for .2)Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor forsixhours.getupfbeupdiefbedeadleavesw.fbeawayfromsw.fallasleep/gettotsleepfbeasleepfinish/endfbeovermarryfbemarried1)Igotuptwohoursago.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zI since .2)HeleftFuzhoujustnow.He Fuzhouforfiveminutes.Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa for .Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting forsixhours.Igottosleeptwohoursago.I since .Theymarriedin1990.They since .start/begintodosth.fdosth.beginfbeon1)Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.I atthisschoolsince .2)Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm