张汉熙《高级英语（1）》（第3版重排版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

Lesson1FacetoFacewithHurricaneCamille一、词汇短语1hurricane[5hQrikEn]n.aseveretropicalcycloneusuallywithheavyrainsandwindsmovinga73-136knots飓风2lash[lAF]vt.strikeagainstwithforceorviolence猛烈打击：Thesleetislashingtheroof.雨夹雪击打着屋顶。3pummel[5pQm(E)l]v.（用拳头连续）击打：Thechildpummeledhismotherangrilyasshecarriedhimhome.那孩子因其母带他回家而生气地捶打着母亲。4reluctant[ri5lQktEnt]adj.unwilling;disinclined不愿意的，勉强的：Hewasveryreluctanttogoaway.他很不愿意离去。其名词形式为reluctance。5abandon[E5bAndEn]vt.a).leavesomeonewhoneedsorcountsonyou;leaveinthelurch放弃，抛弃：abandonafriendintrouble抛弃处于危难中的朋友；b).togiveupbyleavingorceasingtooperateorinhabit,especiallyasaresultofdangerorotherimpendingthreat离弃，丢弃：abandontheship弃船6course[kC:s]n.amodeofactionorbehavior品行，行为7demolish[di5mCliF]vt.todoawaywithcompletely;putanendto毁坏，破坏：Thefiredemolishedthetown.大火烧毁了这座城镇。8motel[mEu5tel]n.ahotelforpeoplewhoaretravelingbycar,whereyoucanparkyourcaroutsideyourroom汽车旅馆9gruff[^rQf]adj.hoarse;harsh粗糙的，粗哑的：agruffvoice粗哑的嗓音10batten[5bAtn]vt.tofurnish,fasten,orsecurewithbattens用压条固定11methodically[mI5WRdIk(E)li]adv.orderlyandsystematically有条理地，有秩序地：Hemethodicallyandplacidlydevouredaloafofbread.他有条不紊，不动声色地把一整只面包都吃光了。12main[mein]n.theprincipalpipeinasystemforconveyingwater,gas,oil,orotherutility（自来水、煤气、石油等的）总管道，干线：gasmain煤气总管13bathtub[`bB:WtQb]n.arelativelylargeopencontainerthatyoufillwithwaterandusetowashthebody浴缸，澡盆14generator[5dVenEreitE]n.amachinethatproduceselectricity发电机，发动机15scud[skQd]vi.torunorskimalongswiftlyandeasily飞奔，疾行，掠过：Darkcloudsarescuddingby.乌云滚滚而来。16mattress[5mAtris]n.ausuallyrectangularpadofheavyclothfilledwithsoftmaterial床垫，褥子17pane[pein]n.oneoftheglass-filleddivisionsofawindowordoor窗格玻璃18Frenchdoor[frentFdC:]n.twoadjoiningdoorsthathaveglasspanesfromtoptobottomandarehingedatoppositesidesofadoorwaysothatitopensinthemiddle法式落地双开门19disintegrate[dis5inti^reit]vt.tobecomereducedtocomponents,fragments,orparticles分解，分裂，碎裂：disintegratetheenemytroops瓦解敌军20blast[blB:st]n.asuddenstrongmovementofwindorair强风，阵风：Ablastofhotaircamefromthefurnace.一股热风从火炉里吹出来。21douse[daus]vt.toplungeintoliquid;immerse浸泡，使浸透：Asajoke,theydousehimwithabucketofwater.他们开玩笑，把一桶水泼到他身上了。22brigade[bri5^eid]n.agroupofpersonsorganizedforaspecificpurpose执行特定任务的队伍23firebrigade[5faiEbri5^eid]n.orfirecompany,abodyofmenorganizedtofightfires,esp.oneofanumberofsuchgroupsconstitutingafiredepartment消防队24scramble[5skrAmbl]vi.tomoveorclimbhurriedly,especiallyonthehandsandknees攀爬，爬：scrambleupasteephillside爬上陡峭的山坡25litter[5litE]n.theoffspringproducedatonebirthbyamultifariousmammal幼仔，一胎生下的小动物26shudder[5FQdE]vi.toshiverconvulsively,asfromfearorrevulsion战栗，颤抖：Ishuddertothinkwhatmighthappen.我想到可能发生的事而战栗。27ferocity[fE5rCsiti]n.thestateorqualityofbeingferocious;fierceness凶恶，残忍，暴行：Therebellionwasputdownwithutmostferocity.起义遭到了残酷镇压。28swipe[swaip]n.asweepingbloworstroke猛击，重击：Shemadeaswipeatthemosquito.她挥臂打蚊子。29maroon[mE5ru:n]vt.toputashoreonadesertedislandorcoastandintentionallyabandon把……放逐到孤岛，（因洪水等）使孤立：Duringthestormweweremaroonedinacabinmilesfromtown.在风暴中我们被围困在离城数英里的小屋内。30devastate[5devEsteit]vt.tolaywaste;destroy使荒芜，破坏：AlongwardevastatedEurope.长期的战争破坏了欧洲。[扩展]devastationn.毁坏，破坏/devastatingadj.破坏性的，毁灭性的/devastatorn.蹂躏者，劫掠者31swath[swC:W]n.thewidthofascythestrokeoramowing-machineblade刈幅（挥动镰刀所及的面积）：Thestormcutawideswaththroughthetown.暴风雨席卷全城，造成很大的破坏。32moorings[5muEriNs]n.(oftenpl.)lines,cables,etc.bywhichashipisfastenedtothelandorthebottomofthesea停泊处33crack[krAk]v.a).tobreakorsnapapart断裂，折断：Themirrorcracked.镜子破裂了。b).tocausetobreakwithoutcompleteseparationofparts使裂开：cracktheglass敲碎玻璃34snap[snAp]vi.tobreaksuddenlywithabrisk,sharp,crackingsound突然折断，啪的一声折断：Abranchsnappedoffthetreeinthewind.大风中一条树枝啪地从树上断落。35vacationer[vE5keIF[nE(r)]n.apersontakingavacation,esp.onewhoistravelingorataresort度假者，休假者36vantagepoint[5vB:ntidVpCInt]n.apositionthatallowsaclearandbroadview有利地势，绝佳的位置37gigantic[dVai5^Antik]adj.verylargeorextensive巨大的，庞大的：Hemadealastgiganticeffort.他做了最后一次巨大的努力。38huddle[5hQdl]vi.tocrowdtogether,asfromcoldorfear挤在一起：Theyhuddledtogetherforwarmth.他们挤成一团取暖。39slashing[5slAFiN]adj.severe;merciless,violent严厉的，猛烈的：aslashingcriticism严厉的批评40implore[im5plC:]vt.toappealtoinsupplication;beseech恳求，哀求：imploresb.formercy恳求某人怜悯41bar[bB:(r)]n.averticallinedividingastaffintoequalmeasures;ameasure小节线（把五线谱分成相等节拍的竖线）；小节42trail[treil]vi.tobecomegraduallyfainter;dwindle减弱，减小：Hisvoicetrailedoffinconfusion.困惑中他的声音逐渐变小。43debris[5debri:]n.arough,brokenbitandpieceofastone,wood,glass,etc.asafterdestruction;rubble碎片，瓦砾：Afterthebombingtherewasalotofdebriseverywhere.轰炸过后到处是一片残骸。44sanctuary[5sANktjuEri]n.aplaceofrefugeorasylum避难所，躲避处：Thefleeingrebelsfoundasanctuaryinthenearbychurch.正在逃窜的反叛分子在附近的教堂里避难。45cedar[5si:dE]n.anyofseveralOldWorldevergreenconiferoustreesofthegenusCedrus,havingstiffneedlesonshortshootsandlarge,erectseedconeswithbroaddeciduousscales雪松46extinguish[iks5tiN^wiF]vt.toputout(afire,forexample);quench熄灭，扑灭：extinguishafire灭火47waver[5weivE]vi.a).tomoveunsteadilybackandforth摇晃，摇曳；b).tobecomeunsteadyorunsure;falter动摇：Hisresolvebegantowaver.他的决心开始动摇了。48topple[5tCpl]vi.toleanoverasifabouttofall倾倒，摇摇欲坠：Thehousethreatenedtotoppleover.房子有倒塌的危险。49lean-to[5li:ntu:]n.aroofwithasingleslope,itsupperedgeabuttingawallorbuilding;ashedwithaone-sloperoof单披屋顶50prop[prCp]vt.tosupportbyplacingsomethingbeneathoragainst;shoreup支撑，维持：Weshouldpropupthefence.我们应该用东西支撑住这栅栏。51tilt[tilt]vt.toslope;incline倾斜，倾倒：tiltasoupbowl把汤碗倾斜52cower[5kauE]vi.crouchorhuddleup,asfromfearorcold（因害怕或寒冷而）蜷缩，退缩：Thedogcoweredunderthetablewhenhismasterraisedthewhip.主人举起鞭子时，狗蜷缩在桌子下边。53slant[slB:nt]v.togiveadirectionotherthanperpendicularorhorizontalto;makediagonal;causetoslope（使）倾斜，歪向54hinge[hindV]n.ajointthatholdstwopartstogethersothatonecanswingrelativetotheother铰链，折叶55diminish[di5miniF]vt.tomakesmallerorlessortocausetoappearso减少，逐渐减小：diminishthecostofproduction减小生产成本56thrust[WrQst]n.aforcefulshoveorpush猛推：Hethrusthishandsintohistrouserpockets.他把双手插在裤子的口袋里。57strew[stru:]vt.tospreadhereandthere;scatter撒布，散播；被撒满（表面）：Autumnleavesstrewedthelawn.草地上撒满了秋叶。58festoon[fes5tu:n]vt.todecoratewithorasifwithfestoons;hangfestoonson结彩，用花彩装饰：asquarefestoonedwithelectriclights张灯结彩的广场59coil[kCil]v.towindinconcentricringsorspirals盘绕，卷60spaghetti[spE5^eti]n.apastamadeintolongsolidstringsandcookedbyboiling实心面条61salvation[sAl5veiFEn]n.preservationordeliverancefromdestruction,difficulty,orevil救助，解救：Governmentloanshavebeenthesalvationofseveralshakybusinesscompanies.政府贷款挽救了几家濒临倒闭的公司。62canteen[kAn5ti:n]n.atemporaryormobileeatingplace,especiallyonesetupinanemergency赈灾处63staffer[`stB:fE(r)]n.amemberofastaff职员64rake[reik]vi.toscrapeorsweep;moveforwardswiftly掠过，迅速向前移动：raketheenemylineswithmachine-gunfire用机枪扫射敌人的防线65rampage[5rAmpeidV]vi.tomoveaboutwildlyorviolently横冲直撞：Hecouldnotliestill,butrampagedupanddownhisbedroom.他不能静静地躺着，而在卧室里冲来撞去。66rampaging[5rAmpeidVing]n.rushingviolentlyorwildlyabout狂乱，暴躁67pitch[pitF]v.a)tothrowsomethingwithalotofforce,oftenaimingcarefully投，扔，抛掷：Hewaspitchingtheball.他正在投球。b)tofallorbemovedsuddenlyinaparticulardirection突然倒下：Hisfootwascaughtinarockandhepitchedforwards.他的脚被岩石绊了一下，身子就朝前倒下。68incomprehensible[7inkCmpri5hensEbl]adj.difficultorimpossibletounderstandorcomprehend;unintelligible不能理解的：incomprehensiblejargon难以理解的行话69wreckage[5rekidV]n.thedebrisofsomethingwrecked残骸70salvage[5sAlvidV]vt.tosavefromlossordestruction抢救，打捞：salvageasunkenship打捞沉船71wrath[rC:W]n.forceful,oftenvindictiveanger愤怒，愤慨：Asoftanswerturnedawaywrath.和蔼的回答平息了愤怒。72theblues[blu:z]n.adepressed,unhappyfeeling沮丧，忧郁73afflict[E5flikt]vt.toinflictgrievousphysicalormentalsufferingon使痛苦，折磨：Famineandwarstillafflictmankind.饥饿和战争仍使人类遭受痛苦。[扩展]afflictionn.痛苦，苦恼/afflictiveadj.苦恼的，带给人痛苦的74weld[weld]vt.tojoin(metals)byapplyingheat,sometimeswithpressureandsometimeswithanintermediateorfillermetalhavingahighmeltingpoint焊接，熔接：Heweldedthebrokenrod.他焊接一根断了的杆子。75reflect[ri5flekt]v.a).toformanimageof(anobject);mirrorormanifest反映，表明：Herworkreflectsintelligence.她的工作显示出她的智慧。b).tothinkseriously;contemplate认真思考，深思熟虑：Shereflectsonhercountry’splaceinhistory.她认真思考她的国家在历史上的地位。[扩展]reflectionn.反射，影像；沉思/reflectibleadj.可反射的二、课文精解1Tryingtoreasonoutthebestcourseofaction…：短语reasonout意为“考虑各种可能性以找出解决办法”。例：Thedetectivetriedtoreasonouthowthethiefhasescaped.侦探反复琢磨想弄明白窃贼是怎样逃走的。2We’reelevated23feet：此句释义为Ourhouseis23feethigherabovesealevelthantheformerhouse.3…andwe’reagood250yardsfromthesea：句中good意为“彻底的，着实的”，此处表达“足有250码”之意。4Wecanbattendownandrideitout：句中battendown指“（船上）风暴来临前，用压条封住舱口以防进水”；rideout常与weather，storm连用，意为“战胜风暴”。5…ifsheandhertwochildrencouldsitoutthestormwiththeKoshaks：sitsthout指“坐着，直到……结束”。例：sitoutaboringplay耐着性子看完一出乏味的话剧。6Windandrainnowwhippedthehouse：该句使用了“拟人”手法，whip指“人用鞭打，鞭笞”，此处用whip一词描述暴风雨，是为了突显其来势之凶。