生物安全培训课件实验篇公开课一等奖课件省赛课获奖课件

Biosafety

PracticesandProceduresPresentedby:YangY19Jun2023第1页BiosafetyConcept:Biologicalsafetyistopreventoccupationalacquiredinfectionsaswellasthereleaseofpathogensintotheenvironment.Biosafetyisthepreventionoflarge-scalelossofbiologicalintegrity,focusingbothonecologyandhumanhealth.Biological&Biosecurity第2页BiosafetyisrelatedtoseveralfieldsInecologyInagricultureInmedicineInchemistryInexobiology第3页PrecautionaryprincipleBiosafetyrequireapplicationoftheprecautionaryprincipleinordertopreventtheaccidentalreleaseofpotentiallydestructivebiologicalmaterial.第4页BiosafetylevelAbiosafetylevelisthelevelofthebiocontainmentprecautionsrequiredtoisolatedangerousbiologicalagentsinanenclosedfacility.Biocontainmentcanbeclassifiedbytherelativedangertothesurroundingenvironmentasbiologicalsafetylevels(BSL).Thelevelsofcontainmentrangefromthelowestbiosafetylevel1(BSL-1)tothehighestatlevel4(BSL-4).第5页Biosafetylevel1Thislevelissuitableforworkinvolvingwell-characterizedagentsnotknowntoconsistentlycausediseaseinhealthyadulthumans,andofminimalpotentialhazardtolaboratorypersonnelandtheenvironment.Suchas

caninehepatitis,non-pathogenicEscherichiacoli,aswellassomecellculturesandnon-infectiousbacteria.第6页Biosafetylevel2ThislevelissimilartoBiosafetyLevel1andissuitableforworkinvolvingagentsofmoderatepotentialhazardtopersonnelandtheenvironment.Itincludesvariousbacteriaandvirusesthatcauseonlymilddiseasetohumans,oraredifficulttocontractviaaerosolinalabsetting.SuchasC.difficile,mostChlamydiae,hepatitisA,B,andC,influenzaA,Lymedisease,Salmonella,mumps,measles,HIV,scrapie,MRSA,andVRSA.第7页Biosafetylevel3Thislevelisapplicabletoclinical,diagnostic,teaching,research,orproductionfacilitiesinwhichworkisdonewithindigenousorexoticagentswhichmaycauseseriousorpotentiallylethaldiseaseafterinhalation.Itincludesvariousbacteria,parasitesandvirusesthatcancauseseveretofataldiseaseinhumansbutforwhichtreatmentsexist.SuchasMycobacteriumtuberculosis,Bacillusanthracis,SARScoronavirus,Salmonellatyphi,andyellowfevervirus.第8页Biosafetylevel4Thislevelisrequiredforworkwithdangerousandexoticagentsthatposeahighindividualriskofaerosol-transmittedlaboratoryinfections,agentswhichcauseseveretofataldiseaseinhumansforwhichvaccinesorothertreatmentsarenotavailable.SuchasEbolavirus,Lassafever第9页BSL-2differsfromBSL-1inthatLaboratorypersonnelhavespecifictraininginhandlingpathogenic;Accesstothelaboratoryislimitedwhenworkisbeingconducted;Extremeprecautionsaretakenwithcontaminatedsharpitems;Certainproceduresinwhichinfectiousaerosolsorsplashesmaybecreatedareconductedinbiologicalsafetycabinetsorotherphysicalcontainmentequipment.第10页AerosolAnaerosolisacolloid

suspensionoffinesolidparticlesorliquiddropletsinagas.Suchassmogandsmoke第11页AerosolsintheLaboratory•bottlesandflasks;•blendersandvortexers;•centrifuges;•homogenizers;•needlesandsyringes;•pipettes;•pressurizedvessels;•rubberstoppers;•shakers;•sonicators;•vacuumandaspiratingequipment第12页BiosafetycabinetAbiosafetycabinet(BSC)—isanenclosed,ventilatedlaboratoryworkspaceforsafelyworkingwithmaterialscontaminatedwithpathogensrequiringadefinedbiosafetylevel.第13页PurposesofBiosafetycabinetTheprimarypurposeofaBSCistoserveastheprimarymeanstoprotectthelaboratoryworkerandthesurroundingenvironmentfrompathogens.AllexhaustairisHEPA-filteredasitexitsthebiosafetycabinet,removingharmfulbacteriaandviruses.第14页ClassesofBiosafetycabinet第15页ClassII,

TypeA1,A2,B1,B2Cabinet第16页AirflowinClassII,TypeA2第17页CorrectUseofBiosafetyCabinetsStartUpTurnoffultravioletlight(ifsoequipped)assoonasyouentertheroom.TurnonallblowersandBSCilluminationlights.Allowfiveminutesofoperationtopurgesystem;checkflowalarmsystemaudioandvisualalarmfunction(ifsoequipped).Decontaminatereadilyaccessibleinteriorsurfacesanditemswithadisinfectant(appropriatefortheagentsorsuspectedagentspresent)beforeloadingandwaitatleast10minutespriortostartofwork.第18页CorrectUseofBiosafetyCabinetsDuringUse

Loadsuppliespriortowork.Donotoverloadcabinet.Separatecleananddirtyside.Workincenterofworkarea.Donotblockfrontorreargrills.Minimizedisruptionofairflow(turbulence).Cleanupspillpromptly.Discardwastewithinthecabinet.

第19页CorrectUseofBiosafetyCabinetsShutDownDecontaminateandremoveallitemsfrominteriorworkarea.Decontaminatereadilyaccessibleinteriorsurfaceswithadisinfectantappropriatefortheagentsorsuspectedagentspresent.Turnonultravioletlight(ifsoequipped).Allowfiveminutesofoperationtopurgesystem.Thenwaitatleast10minutes.NeverturnoffBSCblower.第20页DONOTopenflamesFirehazardCandamageHEPAfilterInterfereswithproperairflowOpenflamesreactwithdisinfectants(flammables)CorrectUseofBiosafetyCabinets–OpenFlames第21页Avoiduseofglassblenderjars,unlesscoveredwithpolypropylenejarPlacedisinfectant-moistenedtoweloverthetopoftheblenderduringuseBeforeopeningtheblenderjar,allowtheunittorestatleast1minuteforaerosolstosettleandthenopeninaBSCDecontaminatepromptlyafteruseSafeUseofBlenders第22页UsecarefulpipettingpracticesAvoiddropsontohardsurfacesWipeupspillspromptlywithappropriatedisinfectantForejectionofliquidfrommicropipetteNoblowoutNopressureejectionUsewallcontactUsecappedtubeswhenmixing,blending,orvortexingPourliquidscarefullyAvoidbubblesMinimizingAerosols第23页CarefulPipettingTechniquesNeverblowoutlastdropinpipetteUsepipettingaidswithfiltersNevermixbysuctionandexpulsion(mixbysonication)Dischargeliquidd