2023年考博英语历年高频考题带答案难题附详解

2023年考博英语历年高频考题带答案难题附详解（图片大小可自由调整）第1卷一.历年考点试题黑钻版(共25题)1.Whilehewasnotdumberthananox,hewasnotanysmarter;somostofhisclassmateswerelenientandhelpedhimalong______.A.helpfulB.mercifulC.enthusiasticD.intelligent2.ThemembersoftheHouseofCommonswereshockedwhentheoppositionspeakerthecharacterofthePrimeMinister.A.mentionedB.disputedC.laudedD.doubted3.(Itis)oftentheresult(with)newideas,(agreatdeal)offranticactivityandoptimisticforecasting(produce)nodiscernibleresults.A.ItisB.withC.agreatdealD.produce4.Directions:Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsonthetopicgivenbelow.UsethespaceprovidedonyourAnswerSheetII.

TOPIC

Whatistheonethingthatyou'velearnedfromdoingsportswhichappliestoallaspectsofyourlife?Pleaseuseexamplestoillustrateyourpoints.5."Me,afraidofhim?"hesaidwitha(n)______smile,"Notme!"A.contemptibleB.amusingC.contagiousD.contemptuous6.Peoplethought:Hey,eatacarpandyouwillbetakingin(what)itisthatgivesyouthese(fish)theirlong(life-span).Ofcourse,it(hasn't)donealotofgoodforthesecarp.

A.what

B.fish

C.life-span

D.hasn'tdone7.岳阳楼为三层的方形建筑，高15米，完全由木头建成，建筑中没有铁钉和横梁，令人叹服。8.SheseemedtobelisteningtowhatIwassaying,butIcouldn'thelpnoticinghersurreptitiousglancesattheclock.A.suspiciousB.stealthyC.superfluousD.superstitious9.Thesetwoareasaresimilar______theybothhaveahighrainfallduringthisseason.A.tothatB.besidesthatC.inthatD.exceptthat10.National,donationsfromalumnirose18.3percentfrom2005,accordingtofiguresreleasedyesterdaybytheCouncilforAidtoEducation.11.However,totheirdisappointment,theyfindthattheirkidsare______aseriousdisadvantageinthisregard.Theyhavetogotospecialschoolsformigrantworkers'children,whicharecheapbutratherillequippedwithteachersandteachingfacilities.Iftheydropout,theyhavenochoicebuttodohardmanualjobsliketheirparents.A.inB.atC.overD.on12.Directions:InthispartthereisanessayinChinese.Readitcarefullyandthenwriteasummaryof200wordsinEnglishontheANSWERSHEET.Makesurethatyoursummarycoversthemajorpointsoftheessay.

未来医学发展趋势

根据现代医学的发展轨迹和社会的发展趋势，未来20或30年，医学将发生很大的变化。

一、医学的任务将从以防病治病为主逐步转向以维护和增强健康、提高人的生命质量为主。在未来寻求医学服务的，不再仅仅是患者，而会有相当数量的正常人；询医问诊的人，也不仅仅是因为躯体的缺欠或某个系统有病患的患者，相当多的人是为得到生活指导和心理咨询而求医；医生开出的不会全是去药房取药的处方，还有如何提高生活质量的处方。医学的对象将从以患者为主的模式逐步转变成为面向整个人群的模式。因此，整个社会卫生资源的配置将重点分为两极，即社区医学服务与医学中心。有相当数量的医生是从事社区服务的全科医生，而比全科医生多得多的，在某种意义上来说，更直接、更有效、更节省资源的是社区护理队伍。社区护理队伍包括家庭病床服务、老年公寓服务以及社区围产与婴幼儿服务等等。

二、信息学、生物信息学将改变医学工作的方式。长期以来精心保存的厚厚的病历，将被一张可以记载一个人一生的病情变化、诊疗经过，甚至全部影像资料的卡片代替。病历不再只是一个人在某医院、某时期的病情档案的记录，而是其一生的健康与疾病变化的记载。预计在不久的将来，作为医学咨询或医疗、预防等辅助手段，电子医疗和网上医院一定会走向社会，走入市场。但必须强调的是：无论科学怎样发达，诊断或治疗手段如何进行，电子医疗、远程会诊都不能代替最基本的医生与患者面对面的直接诊疗。各种先进的医疗手段都很重要，但最重要的还是医生的基本功，而医生使用计算机的能力只是医生的基本功之一。

三、医学工作的范围将从“出生到死亡”扩展为“生前到死后”。既往，人们认为“人从生到死，总离不开医生”。如今，在人还未出生的时候(胎生期)，医生就可以对某种疾病做出正确的诊断，并可进行外科治疗，从而矫正畸形、修复缺损，待手术完毕，再把胎儿还纳子宫，使胎儿正常发育，待其成熟后娩出。此时不仅畸形或缺损得以矫正，而且连瘢痕都没有，这就是所谓的胎儿外科。当今的医院儿科还只是从新生儿开始，在不久的将来，在妇产科和儿科之间，将出现一个新兴的交叉学科——胎儿学科。

现在，脑死亡者是个宝贵的卫生资源，在医学领域不仅具有可供利用、造福世人的价值，更具有研究的价值，如：器官保存、组织与细胞的保存与增殖，都是新的研究课题和有发展前途的医学新领域。13.A______tothisproblemisexpectedtobefoundbeforelong.A.resultB.responseC.settlementD.solution14.Successfulstudentssometimesbecomeso______withgradesthattheyneverenjoytheirschoolyears.A.passionateB.involvedC.immersedD.obsessed15.1．继续扩大国内需求，是当前应对亚洲金融危机和国际市场变化的正确选择，也是我国经济发展的基本立足点和长期战略方针。

2．中国各民族相互依存的政治，经济，文化联系，使其在长期的历史发展中有着共同的命运和共同的利益，产生了强固的亲合力，凝聚力。

3．当前正在进行以课程教材改革为核心的教育改革，改革的中心目标是变应试教育为素质教育。

4．中国的事情能不能办好，社会主义和改革开放能不能坚持，经济能不能快一点发展起来，国家能不能长治久安，从一定意义上说，关键在人。

5．为了保证人们起码的生活条件，使公民富裕起来，中国唯一正确的选择就是努力发展经济，调整人口增长以适应国家社会和经济的发展。16.Ploughsandotheragriculturalimplementswereondisplayattherecentexhibition.A.equationsB.playthingsC.toolsD.machinery17.现在，我们的公共服务并不覆盖所有居民，而且缺乏多样化。不同地区也不平衡。最根本的原因之一是没有良好的实公共服务系统。18.Althoughmostbirdshaveonlya______senseofsmell,theyhaveacutevision.A.genuineB.negativeC.negligibleD.condensed19.Shemusthavebeenpretty______tofallforsuchanoldtrick.A.interestedB.gullibleC.enthusiasticD.shrewd20.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhythetwowomenwerenotwillingtoletthemanspendthemoney?A.Theyneededdiamondsnotanewstereo.B.Theywereafraidthatoncethemanstartedspendingthemoneyhewouldneverstop.C.Theywanttosavemoremoneyfortherestoftheirlife.D.Theythoughtitwasbettertomakesomeinvestment.21.______,afterlongpondering,Iarrivedatthefollowingconjecture.A.TodateB.IncaseC.ForsureD.Atlength22.保持国民经济较快增长，是扩大就业、改善人民生活和维护社会稳定的基础，也是推进结构调整和深化改革的重要条件。23.Thesecretarywantsto______allthefileclerkstomakepreparationsforthecompanyChristmasparty.A.enlightenB.enlistC.enable.D.enclose24.Heclaimstobeanexpertinastronomy,but______heknowsaboutitisoutofdateandinaccurate.A.somuchB.howmuchC.whatlittleD.solittle25.Itwasadayasfreshasgrassgrowingupandcloudsgoingoverandbutterfliescomingdowncanmakeit.Itwasadaycompoundedfromsilencesofbeeandflowerandoceanandland.第1卷参考答案一.历年考点试题黑钻版1.参考答案：B[解析]lenient在句中的意思是“仁慈的，宽大的”。而A选项helpful(有帮助的，有益的)、C选项enthusiastic(热心的，热情的)、D选项intelligent(聪明的)都不符合句意。B选项merciful(仁慈的，慈悲的)与题中词意思接近，如：Themercifulkingsavedtheyoungofficersfromdeath.(仁慈的国王把年轻的军官从死神手中救了出来。)本句的后半句说的是他的很多同学都是友爱无私的，他们帮助他共同前进。因此B选项为正确答案。2.参考答案：D(doubt怀疑)。句意为：反对派的发言人对首相的人格表示怀疑时，众议院的议员们深感震惊。A．mention提及；B．dispute争议；C．laud赞美，称赞。3.参考答案：A4.参考答案：Frommypersonalexperienceindoingsports,Ihavelearnedalessonthatperseveranceisthekeytosuccess.Thisnotionoflife,asfarasIobserve,couldbeappliedtoalmostallaspectsofmylife.

Ioncehadaveryunforgettableexperienceindoingsports.WhenIwasstillacollegestudent,Ioncetookpartinarunningcompetition.Inordertoprepareforthisrace,Ihadpracticedrunningforalmostamonth.Atthedayofthegame,Ididmyutmosttoruninordertowinaprizeforourclass.Attheendoftherace,IwassoexhaustedandthirstythatIdesperatelywantedtogiveup,butmyclassmatesintheplaygroundallencouragedmetocarryon.FinallyIperseveredandwonathirdprize.Thisexperiencehastaughtmethatperseveranceisthekeytosuccess.Whenthesituationturnssodifficultthatwethinkwewon'tbeabletosucceed,perseverancewillbringushopeandevenasurprisingreward.

Successisnoteasytocomeineverybody'slife.Thereforethepreparationforitisoftenalongprocess.Sometimeswhathelpspeopletosucceedisnotsomuchaperson'sintelligenceashisorherspiritofperseverance.Laterinmylife,Ihaveusedthisexperienceagaintofaceanothersignificantchallenge.Afterworkingforseveralyears,IdecidedtoapplytoaPh.D.program.ItwasnoteasyformetopreparefortheentranceexambecauseIwasstillatworkandhadtosqueezetimeforit.Thereweresomanysubjectsformetoreviewand1wasalmostonthevergeofbreakdown.Justafewdaysbeforetheexamination,highpressuremademesoexhaustedthatIdecidedtoquit.Butthen,afriendofmineencouragedmetocarryon.SoIperseveredtothelastminuteandfinallypassedtheentranceexamination.NowIamaPh.Dcandidateinmyidealuniversity.

Nodoubt,it'sdifficulttoperseverewhenthesituationisreallyhard.ButasaChinesesayinggoes"Donothingbyhalves."Perseveranceisthekeytosuccess.ThisisavaluablelessonthatIhavelearnedfromdoingsports.5.参考答案：D[解析]本题空格处是说带着一种轻蔑的笑。D项“contemptuous轻蔑的”符合题意，如：She’scontemptuousofmyhumblehomeandpoorsurroundings．(她瞧不起我出身卑贱，家境贫困。)其他三项“contemptible可鄙的；amusing有趣的；contagious易传染的”都不正确。6.参考答案：A应改为whatever。[解析]A项讲的是不管是什么，应改为whatever，意为“不管什么”。7.参考答案：TheYueyangPavilionisathree-story,rectangularbuilding,whichrises15metersandisconstructedentirelywithwood.Surprisingly,nonailsorbeamshavebeenusedinitsconstruction.8.参考答案：B[解析]surreptitious暗中的/偷偷摸摸的，suspicious怀疑的，stealthy秘密的，superfluous过剩的，superstitious迷信的9.参考答案：C[解析]inthat是书面语，后跟表示原因的从句，意为“既然，因为”。10.参考答案：national应改为nationally[解析]national国家的，民族的。此处是说从全国来看，应用副词nationally做状语。11.参考答案：B[解析]atadisadvantage意思是“处于困难或者劣势的状态中而难以成功”，让农民工苦恼的是，他们发现自己的小孩在受教育方面处于严重劣势；该短语中的介词at不能用其他介词代替。故答案为B。12.参考答案：[范文]

TheTrendsinMedicalScienceintheFuture

Indicatedbythedevelopmentofcurrentmedicineandthesociety,greatchangeswilltakeplaceinthefieldofmedicalscienceinthecoming20or50years.

Currently,thepurposeofmedicalscienceistopreventandtreatdiseases.Whileinthefuture,themainobjectofitwillbetoimproveandmaintainhealthsoastoenhancethequalityoflife,whichsuggeststhatanenormousnumberofhealthypeoplearegoingtoseedoctorsseekingfordailyguidanceorpsychologicalcounselling.Thus,thedistributionofmedicalresourceswillbemainlydividedintomedicalbranchesincommunitiestoprovidehealthcareservicesandmedicalcenterstocurediseases.

Thepresentworkingmodeofmedicalsciencewillalsoberenovatedbyinformationscienceandbioinformatics.Acardwillbeusedtostoreone'smedicalrecordsinhiswholelifeinsteadofpilesofwell-preservedcasehistories.Furthermore,e-healthandonlinehospitalsareboundtobepopular.However,itshouldbepointedoutthatnomatterhowadvancedthemedicalscienceis,nothingcanreplacetheface-to-facetreatmentofpatientsanddoctors,signifyingthatthebasicskillsofdoctorsareindispensable.

Intermsoftherangeofmedicalscienceinthefuture,itishighlypossiblethatpeoplewillbetreatedbeforetheyarebornandaftertheydie.Inthiscase,whenpeopleareintheirembryos,defectsordiseasescanbediagnosedandcureduntiltheygrowhealthilyinuteruses,sothatiswhatarenowcalledfetalmedicine.

Withallthesegreatchangesinmedicalscience,peopleinthefuturewillgetmorebenefitsinlivingalongerandhappierlife.[解析]考生首先要认真审题，题目的要求非常简洁明了，要求考生在读完给出的文章之后对所给文章进行总结。这类写作题应该在读完文章后确立自己对文章所述的某一点的看法。然后根据自己的看法，有理有据的罗列出来自己的观点以及评价。同时考生还应该注意自己的选词，尽量选择能够体现自己英语水平的词汇，使得阅卷老师有耳