语法课件一名词性从句完成版

1.Nobody

believed

his

reason

for

being

absent

form

the

classto

meet

his

uncle

at

the

air

port.

（2006重庆33）he

hadA.why

B.that

C.where

D.because39.

He

spoke

proudly

of

his

part

in

the

game,

without

mentioning

his

teammates

had

done.

（2006上海）A.

what B.

which C.

why D.

whileThe

old

lady’shand

shook

frequently.

She

explained

to

her

doctor

thisshakinghadbegunhalfa

yearbefore,and

,onlybecauseofthis,shehadbeenforcedtogiveupherjob.（2005重庆34）A.

when;

how B.

how;

when C.

how;

how

D.why;

whyGreat

changes

have

taken

place

in

that

school.

It

is

no

longer

itwas20yearsago,

,itwasso poorly

equipped.（2005安徽32）A.

what;

when B.

that;

which C.

what;

which D.

which;

thatWe

haven't

settled

the

question

of it

is

necessary

for

him

to study

abroad.

（2006

江苏35）A.if B.

where C.

whether D.

thatHis

job

is

important.What

he

doesis

important.主语{This

is

his

job.This

is

what

he

does

every

day.{

表语I

don’t

like

his

job.I

don’t

like

what

he

does

every

day.{宾语I

don’t

know

about

the

man,

Mr.

White.I

don’t

know

about

the

fact

that

he

isateacher.{同位语宾语从句主语从句表语从句同位语从句他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。How

was

he

successful

is

still

a

puzzle.How

he

was

successful

is

still

a

puzzle.你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could

you

tell

me

where

helives?Could

you

tell

me

where

does

he

live?名词性从句语序必须是陈述句语序引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词

that、whether、

if(不充当从句的任何成分）疑问代词疑问副词who、whom

、whose、whichwhen、where、how、why名词性关系代词：what

、

whoever

、whomever

、whomever

、whosever

、whichever

、whatever宾语从句I

don’t

carewho

youare,where

you

are

from

andwhatyou

did

as

long

as

you

loveme.(一)宾语从句的时态变化规律：当主句是一般现在时态时当主句是一般过去时态时客观真理eg.

The

teacher

said

that

the

earthgoes

round

the

sun.（二）宾语从句的连接词：A.what,which,who,whom在从句中作主语/宾语:Idon’tknow

makes

her

angry.Idon’tknow

they

are

talking

about.Idon’tknow

is

his

favorite

.B.Whose/what/which在从句中作定语Idon’tknow

child

he

is

.Idon’tknow

book

is

yours.Idon’t know

subject

youlikebest.C.When

/

where/

why/how在从句中作状语Idon’tknow he

left.D.that

/

whether

/

ifI

don’t

know

that

he

will

come

to

theparty

.I

don’t

know

whether

he

will

come

to

theparty

.that/whether/if在从句中不作成分.但是whether/if

有意思，that没有意思注意:1.that

可以省略。I

don’t

know

(that)

he

will

come

totheparty

.2..and

that/but

that中的that

不能省略I

don’t

know

that

he

will

come

and

thathe

will

bring

his

girl

friend

.3.Whether/if

的区别I

don’t

care

whether

he

doesn’t

come.(

F

)I

don’t

care

whether

/if

he

comes

or

not.(

T

)I

don’t

care

if

he

doesn’t

come.(

T

)I

don’t

care

whether

or

not

he

comes.(

T

)I

don’t

care

if

or

not

he

comes.(

F

)I

don’t

know

whether

to

go

there.(

T

)4.在介词后只能用whether,不用ifIt

depends

on

whether

you

can

dothe

work

well.5.doubt

后面的whether

&

if

/thatI

doubt

whether/if

he

will

come

to

the

party

.I

don’t

doubt

that

he

will

come

to

the

party

.Do

you

doubt

that

he

will

come

to

the

party

?肯定句: whether

/

if否定句/疑问句:

that(三)宾语从句的否定转移I/

We

+

think

(suppose,

expect,

believe,guess,

imagine)We

don’t

believe

that

he

will

win

the

game.I

don’t

think

he

will

do

so.（四）在believe

make,

find,see,hear,feel,consider等后it作形式宾语，将宾语从句后置。 We

thought

it

strange

(that

)Xiao

Wang

didnot

come

yesterday.He

has

made

it

clear

that

he

will

not

give

in.注意：That后的从句完整that可以省略反之则不可以。（五）某些作表语的形容词，如sure,happy,glad,certain等之后也可带宾语从句总结:作主语/宾语:what/whichwho/whom作定语:whosewhatwhich作状语:when/where/how

/why不做成分:if/whether/that(04湖南,24).

I

think

father

wouldlike

toknow I've

beenuptoso

far,

so

I

decide

to

send

him

aquick

note.A.

whichC.

whatB.

whyD.

howAttention:to:

1)名词性从句——

what2)非谓语动词——

doing(05-3,11)The

poor

young

man

isready

toaccept

helphecanget.A．WhicheverC．whateverB．HoweverD．whenever(08北京,30)The

companies

areworking

together

to

createthey

hope

will

be

the

best

means

oftransport

in

the

21st

century.A.

whichC.

whatB.

thatD.

who插入语肯定句:sb.+态度动词疑问句:do/does

sb.+态度动词(think,

hope,

suppose,believe,expect

etc.)主语从句Whether

we

will

visit

theGreatWall

depends

on

the

weather.What

we

need

is

more

timeWho

wonthematchisstillunknown.It

is

certain

that

he

will

come

tomorrow. That

he

will

come

tomorrow

is

certain.It

is

known

to

all

that

the

earth

movesaround

the

sun.That

the

earth

moves

around

the

sunis

known

toall.When

the

person

was

murdered

andwhy

he

was

murdered

are

still

unknown.注意：1.that从句位于句首时that不可以省略。eg.

1.It’s

a

pity(that)you’re

leaving.2.That

we

are

invited

to

a

concertthis

evening

is

a

good

news

tous.2.

It

作形式主语的时候that不能省略3.一般不用if引导主语从句,而用whether。4.主语从句应视为整体，谓语动词常用单数。A.It

做形式主语的主语从句.1）It+be+名词/名词词组(nowonder,a

good

thing,a

pity,nosurprise,etc.)+

that从句2）It+be+形容词

(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,ect)+that从句3）It+be+动词的过去分词

(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句1.(07上海,39). he

referredto

in

his

articlewasunknown

tothe

generalreader.A.

ThatC.

WhetherB.

WhatD.

Where2、(06浙江,4). is

our

belief that

improvements

in

health

care will

lead

to

a

stronger,

more prosperous

economy.A.

AsC.

ThisB.

ThatD.

It表语从句My

idea

is

that

…What

worries

me

is

whether

he

will

come

.This

is

where

I

was

born.This

is

why

he

was

late.This

is

because

he

missed

the

train

byoneminute.注意１That没有实在意义，也不充当任何成分，一般不可省。２不能用if

引导表语从句，而用whether。3.表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用

as

if,because引导，但主语是

reason，cause

时，表语从句要用

that引导而不是because。It

looks

as

if

it

is

going

to

rain.The

reason

why

he

was

late

was

that

he

missed

the

train

by

one

minute

thismorning.同位语从句可跟同位语从句的名词主要有fact,news,hope,desire,thought,suggestion,possibiliy,promise,

idea,

truth等。 I

can’t

believe

the

fact

thathe

didn’t

pass

theexam. News

came

that

they

havewon

thematch. I

have

no

idea

whetherhewill

come. I

have

no

idea

where

he

comesfrom. He

refused

to

answer

thequestion

howhegotthemoney．The

question

why

they

lost

thematch

is

being

discussed.注意:１．that无实在意义，不充当任何成分，一般不可省略。２．一般不用if

引导同位语从句，而用whether。3.连接代词who，what，whose，which通常不引导同位语从句同位语从句与定语从句的区别一：同位语从句—用以说明名词所表示的具体内容。定语从句—用以说明名词的性质、特征、来源等。二：在同位语从句中，that不充当任何成分，不可省略。在定语从句中，that充当成分，作宾语时可省略。 The

news

that

they

have

won

the

match

istrue.

﹝同位语从句﹞ The

news

that we

heard

istrue.

﹝定语从句﹞He

made

a

promise

that

he

would

buy

me

a

computer.

﹝同位语从句﹞He

made

a

promise

thatexcited

me.

﹝定语从句﹞三：在同位语从句中，when、where、why其意义与疑问词相同。在定语从句中，when、where、why其意义与先行词有关，没有疑问意义。I

have

no

idea

whenhe

willcome

back.

﹝同位语从句﹞Istillremember

the

daywhenI

firstcame

toBeijing.

﹝定语从句﹞分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的要点:名词性从句的语序问题引导词that与what的区别it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语考查whether与if

的区别I

have

always

been

honest

and straightforward,

and

it

doesn’t

matter

I’mtalkingto.(2004广东23)A.who

is

it B.

who

it

is C.

it

is

who D.

it

iswhomSomeone

is

ringing

the

doorbell.Go

and see

.(2000上海29)A.Who

is

he B.who

he

is C.who

is

it D.who

itis1.

we

are

sure

aboutis

the

needto

preventchildren

from

being

spoiled.(2008春季上海10)A.What

B.Which

C.Whether

D.That2.

he referred

to

in

his

article

was

unknow

to

thegeneral

reader..(2007上海39)A.

That B.

What C.

Whether

D.WhereI

wonder

if

this

is

what

youarelooking

for.Our

school

is

quite

different

from

what

it

was

before.Father

made

a

promise

that

if

Ipassed

the

examination

he

would

buyme

acomputer.

What

I

can’t

understand

is

whyhe

has

changedhis

mind.

That

the

earth

is

roundis

knownto

us

all.连词

that

在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，而

what在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。1.

in

the

regulations

that

you

should

not

tellother

people

the

password

of

your

e-mail

account.（2005上海38）A.What

is

requiredC.

It

is

requiredB.

What

requiresD.

It

requires2.The

Foreign

Minister

said,“

our

hope

that

thetwo

sides

will

work

towards

peace.”(2004北京24)A.

This

isC.

That

isB.

There

isD.

It

is3.Ihate

when

people

talk

with

their

mouths

full.(NMET1998)A.itC.

thisB.

thatD.

themWehaven‘tsettledthequestionof

it is

necessary

for

him

to

study

abroad.(2006江苏35) A.if B.where C.

whether D.that

we’ll

go

camping

tomorrow

depends

on

the weather.

(NMET1996)A.

If B.

Whether C.

That D.

Where3.Thequestionis

it

is

worth

doing.A.

if B.

whether C.

which D.

what1.I

don’t

know

whether/ifI’ll

be

free

tomorrow.I

don’t

know

whether

or

not

I’ll

be

free

tomorrow.The

question

is

whether

this

book

is

worth

writing.

If

you

are

not

free

tomorrow

,

I’ll

go

without you.找出下列句子错误，总结规律:If

we

will

have

a

meeting

hasn't

been

decided

yet.Whether

we

will

have

a

meeting

hasn’t

been

decided

yet.It

depends

on

if

the

weather

is

suitable

for

us

todo

it.It

depends

on

whether

the

weather

is

…... The

question

is

if

he

himself

will

be

present

at

themeeting.The

question

is

whether

he

himself

will

be

present

…...He

asked

me

if

I

could

go

with

him

or

not.He

asked

me

whetherI

could

go

with

him

or

not.引导主语、表语、同位语从句时关联词只用whether不用if

表

“是否”。whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用，而if

则不能引导宾语从句时whether,if均可,但是从句中有出现or

not,if不能用。而且介词后的宾语从句不得使用if.技巧依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。如果句子中缺主语，指人用

who，指物用what；如缺宾语，指人用

whom，指物用what；如缺时间状语用

when；地点状语用where；原因状语用

why；方式状语用how；定语用what或w