2022-2023学年河北省“五个一”名校联盟高一（下）联考英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年河北省“五个一”名校联盟高一（下）联考英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AWhetheryou'renewtotheworldofsustainabilityorwantingaquickrefresheronhowtodothingsbetter，thesebooksabouteco-friendlylivingareavaluableresource.

TheHumaneHome：EasyStepsforSustainable&GreenLivingbySarahLozanova

Thisshort，smallbookwouldbeusefultoanyonebuildingorrenovatingahomeandwantingageneraloverviewofhowtodoitwithminimalimpact.AuthorSarahLozanovaisanenvironmentaljournalistinMarine.Thebookcontainsnumerouslittleprojects，frombuildinggardenbedstopreservinghome-grownproducetosavingwaterbyputtingabrickinatoilettank.TherearebeautifulillustrationsthroughouttheshortchaptersforDIYprojects.

AnAlmostZeroWasteLife：LearningHowtoEmbraceLesstoLiveMorebyMegeanWeldon

Thebookispackedwithinformationinshort，easily-digestibleparagraphs，andthechaptersareaccompaniedbycutepictures.Onethingthatjumpedoutatmewasthetotalabsenceofbrandnames.Inurgingpeopletochoosebambootoothbrushesandpackage-freecosmetics，Weldonnevermentionsasinglecompany.

ThingsYouCanDo：HowtoFightClimateChangeandReduceWastebyEduardoGarcia

Thisattractiveandpracticalbookoffersanoverviewofhowglobalwarmingoccurs，howenergyisproduced，andwhatbothofthosethingsmeantoourmodern-dayconsumptionhabits.EduardoGarcia，whocontributesregularlytoTreehugger，isastrongbelieverinthepowerofindividualchoicestoeffectchange.

TheLessWasteNoFussKitchen：SimpleStepstoShop，Cook，andEatSustainablybyLindsayMiles

Thisislessacookbookandmoreahandbookforhowtosetup，stock，anduseyourkitcheninawaythatreduceswasteandminimizeswork.LindsayMilesisazerowastelifestylebloggerwhosebookoffersastep-by-stepguideforpeoplewhowishtochangethewaytheyinteractwithfood.1.Whichbookshouldbeusefulforacook？______A.TheHumaneHome：EasyStepsforSustainable&GreenLiving.

B.AnAlmostZeroWasteLife：LearningHowtoEmbraceLesstoLiveMore.

C.ThingsYouCanDo：HowtoFightClimateChangeandReduceWaste.

D.TheLessWasteNoFussKitchen：SimpleStepstoShop，Cook，andEatSustainably.2.WhatdoesEduardoGarciado？______A.Awriter. B.Aphotographer. C.Ajournalist. D.Ablogger.3.Whatdoweknowfromthetext？______A.LindsayMilesshareshisfoodonhisblogeveryday.

B.Itdoesn'ttaketoolongtoreadSarahLozanova'sbook.

C.MegeanWeldon'sbookrecommendssomeeco-friendlycompanies.

D.EduardoGarciathinkschildrenhavegreatpowertomakeadifference.BWhenayoungmanwithautism（自闭）couldn'trealizehisdreamofridingonthePolarExpress，thetrainstaffhelpedmakehiswishcometrue.

18-year-oldTySwartoutisautisticandunabletospeak，andhealsolovesThePolarExpress.Inadditiontoreadingthebookhundredsoftimes，heissuretowatchthemovieeverymonth.Sowhenhisparentsdiscoveredthattherewasareal-lifeversionofthemagicholidaytrainattheGrandCanyonRailwayHotelinWilliams，Arizona，theyknewatripthereisamustthingtobeorchestrated.

Tyhandledthefour-hourdrivetotherailwayhotelwithease.Asheandhisparentsatedinnerandpreparedtoboardthetrain，however，Tybecamemoreandmoreover-stimulatedbecauseoftheexcitementofthevisit.Afterexperiencingtwominormeltdowns（abreakdownofself-control），Tywastoothrilledtoboardthetrain.

ThetrainstaffrefusedtoleavewithoutTy，buthisparentstoldthemtogoaheadwithoutthem."ThestaffoftheGrandCanyonRailwayinsistedonhelping，"Ty'smotherAngiesaid."Theyevenheldthetrain，forwhichIwasbeyondgrateful.Finally，Ihadtosayletusgobacktotheroom."

HardlyhadtheygotbacktotheirhotelroomwhentheyheardaknockatthedoorfromamemberofthehotelstaffandapoliceofficerwhohadstoppedbytomakesurethatTywasokay.Notonlythat，theysaidthattheywantedtodosomethingtomakeituptoTy.

AshotelstaffhelpedTy'sfatherLloydrearrangetheirvisitontheGrandCanyonExpresswaywithfreespecialaccommodations，TyandAngiereadThePolarExpress，onlytobevisitedbythereal-liferailwaytrainconductor.HesatnexttoTy'sbedandengagedhiminconversation.Tywassothrilledandhappy.

"Aftertheconductorleft，myhusbandtoldmethattheywantedeveryonetoexperiencesomethingspecialandmagical，"Angiecontinued."Wegotthegiftofhumankindness!"4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"orchestrated"inParagraph2mean？______A.Scheduled. B.Drafted. C.Confirmed. D.Postponed.5.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？______A.Tyisautisticbutheisfondofcommunicatingwithpeople.

B.Ty'sfatherdrovethemtotherailwayhotelwithease.

C.Ty'sfamilywasgreatlystruckbypeople'ssympathy.

D.HotelstaffsatnexttoTy'sbedandentertainedhim.6.WhenwasTyvisitedbythetrainconductor？______A.Whenhewassufferingameltdown.

B.Whenhewasinthemiddleofreading.

C.Rightafterhegotbacktothehotelroom.

D.Whenhemadehiswaytotherailwayhotel.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage？______A.PolarExpressSurprisesBoywithAutism

B.HelpingOthersIsHelpingOurselves

C.AutismIsCuredbyHumanKindness

D.Don'tHesitatetoRealizeYourDreamCOnonesideoftheroomsitsalovelylife-sizestuffedanimal（毛绒玩具）you'veeverseen.Ontheothersiderestsarealrabbitthesamesize，shapeandeventhesamenameasthestuffedversion.Yougettositnexttobothofthemandpettheirfur.Guesswhichonewillmakeyourbrainlightup？

Ifyouguessedtherealrabbit，you'reright.Stuffedanimals，aslovelyastheymaybe，justdon'tsupercharge（对……增压）ourfrontalcortex，thepartofthebrainmanaginghowwethinkandfeel，accordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalPlosOne.

Whyisthisfindingimportant？"Itprovidesadditionalevidencethatlivehuman-animalinteractionsmayincreasecognitive（认知的）andemotionalactivityinthebrain.Ifpatientswithproblemsinmotivation，attention，andsocioemotionalfunctioningshowhigheremotionalinvolvementinactivitiesconnectedtoarabbit，thensuchactivitiescouldincreasethechanceoflearningandofachievinghealingaims，"saidtheleadingauthorofthestudy，RahelMarti，adoctoralstudentinthedivisionofclinicalpsychologyandanimal-assistedtreatmentattheUniversityofBaselinSwitzerland.

Researchersusedfunctionalnear-infraredspectroscopy（fNIRS）inthestudy，whichisaportablebrainscannerthatprovidesflexibilitysinceit'sfunctionalinnaturalsettingsandnotlimitedtoaclosedroominalab.

Thestudyteamfittedeachofthe19participantswiththescannerandaskedthemtoobserveandinteractwithoneofthethreeliverabbits.First，participantswatchedtherabbitfromacrosstheroom.Thentherabbitsatnexttothem.Finally，eachpersonwasallowedtopettherabbit.Thisprocessoccurredtwicemoreatlaterdates.

Inothersessions，eachpersonrepeatedthesamesequencewithastuffedrabbitthatcontainedahotwaterbottletomakeithavetheexactlysamebodytemperatureofaliverabbit.Ineachofthesessions，brainactivityroseastheliverabbitorthestuffedonemovedcloser.

However，thestudyfoundanevenstrongerincreaseinbrainactivitywhenthepersonpettedthefurofarealrabbitthanthestuffedanimal.

"Positivenon-verbalsignalsandinteractionsprovidedbyalivinganimalcouldinpartexplainthisdifference，"saidDr.TiffanyBraley，anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan.8.Howdoestheauthordevelopthefirstparagraph？______A.Bygivinganexample. B.Byusingpreviousdata.

C.Bymakingacomparison. D.Byofferingachoicequestion.9.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytalkabout？______A.Humansaremorewillingtointeractwithrealrabbits.

B.Livehuman-animalinteractionsprovetohavehealingeffects.

C.Onlyactivitiesconnectedtoarabbitcanhelpkeepbrainhealthy.

D.Rabbitshavebeenusedfortreatingpsychologicalproblemsforyears.10.WhatcanwelearnaboutfNIRSfromthetext？______A.Itisabrainscannerfittedonrabbits.

B.Itcanchangeitssizeandshapeeasily.

C.Itallowsthestudytobeconductedoutsidealab.

D.Itensurestheaccuracyoftheresultsofthestudy.11.WhatcanweinferfromTiffanyBraley'swords？______A.Lackofinteractionswiththestuffedanimaldoesharmtothebrain.

B.Positivereactionsgivenbythelivinganimalscanmakethebrainlightup.

C.It'simpossibletoexplainwhytherearedifferentresultsofthetwoexperiments.

D.Childrenplayingwithapetaresuretobehappierthanthosewithstuffedanimals.DOver70%oftheearth'ssurfaceiscoveredinwater，butit'sundrinkable.ScientistsattheUniversityofIllinoisUrbana-Champaign（UIUC）havemodeledasystemthatcancollectwatervapor（水蒸汽）fromabovetheoceansurfaceandfreezeitintofreshdrinkingwateratalargescale.

Watershortageisanissuethat'sprojectedtogetworse，asclimatechangemakesdryareasevendrier.Theoceans，hometoover96%ofwateronEarth，representahugepotentialreservoir（aplacetostorewater），butdesalination（海水淡化）isachallengingandcomplexprospecttoscaleuponaccountofthepoisonouswastewateritproduces.

Butnaturealreadyhasaprettygooddesalinationsystem—thesunisheatingupthesurfaceoftheoceanandevaporatingwateroutofit，whichofcoursegoesontobecomerain.Inanewstudy，theUIUCteamcameupwithamethodtousethisresource.Theteamproposesthatstructurescouldbebuiltseveralkilometersoffshoretoobtainairrichinwatervaporfromabovetheoceansurface.Thataircanthenbepipedbacktolandandturnedintowater.Thisfreshwatercouldthenbeusedfordrinking，agriculture，orwhateverelsearegionneedsitfor.Thewholesystemcouldbepoweredbyoffshorewindfarmsandland-basedsolarpanels.

Theresearchersevaluated14citiesaroundtheworld，analyzinghowmuchwatercouldbecollectedbasedontheoffshoreairinthoselocations.Basedontheirmodels，thescientistsestimatedthatthesestructurescouldcollectbetween37.6billionand78.3billionlitersofwaterperyear，dependingontheconditionsinaspecificlocation.

Theteamsaysthatthesolutionisprettygood，sinceitworkslikethenaturalwatercycleexceptthatthevaporisguidedtowhereit'sneeded.Andwhilemanyproposeddrinkingwatersourcescouldbecomelessasclimatechangeprogresses，thisoneshouldactuallygetevenbetter."Theclimateprojectionsshowthattheoceanicvaporwillonlyincreaseovertime，providingevenmorefreshwatersupply，"saidAfeefaRahman，theco-authorofthestudy."So，thesystemweareproposingwillbeusefulunderclimatechange.Thisprovidesamuchneededapproachforadaptationtoclimatechange，particularlytopopulationslivingindryandsemi-dryregionsoftheworld."12.Whydoscientistsdesignthisvapor-collectingsystem？______A.Topreservewaterresources. B.Torelievethewatershortages.

C.Toapproachclimatechange. D.Toreducethepollutionofwater.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutthevapor-collectingsystemfromthetext？______A.It'smainlypoweredbybatteries.

B.Thewatercollectedbyitisrichinmineral.

C.Itmakesfulluseofthenaturalwatercycle.

D.Structuresshouldbebuiltasclosetotheoceanaspossible.14.Whatcanbelearnedfromthefourthparagraph？______A.Thesystemcouldbeappliedaroundtheworld.

B.Moreandmorecitieswouldintroducethesystem.

C.Theresearchershavebuiltmanystructuresin14citiestocollectwater.

D.Theresearchersdidlotsofanalysesandresearchbeforeintroducingthesystem.15.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph？______A.Thesystemcan'tworkinrainyregions.

B.Thesystemhasbeenwidelyacceptedbypeople.

C.Thesystemcanonlybeusedunderclimatechange.

D.Thesystemwillbeofgreathelpinwatershortageareas.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Thetruthisthatit'sextremelydifficulttofollowahealthydietwhenyou'reeatingregularlyatfastfoodrestaurants.Fastfoodistypicallyloadedwithcalories，sodium，andunhealthyfat—oftenenoughinonemealforanentireday.（1）______

Thatdoesn'tmeanyouhavetoavoidfastfoodentirely.Whenyou'rehungryandontherun，fastfoodcanreallyhitthespot.（2）______Butwhileit'sokaytoeatfastfoodeverynowandthen，tostayhealthyyoucan'tmakeitaregularhabit.Thekeyismoderation—bothinhowoftenyougotofastfoodchainsandwhatyouorderonceyou'rethere.

Fastfoodmenusaretrickywhenyou'rewatchingyourweightoryourhealth.Findingahealthy，well-balancedmealinmostfastfoodrestaurantsisachallenge.（3）______Thefollowingtipsandmenurecommendationscanhelpyoustayontrack.

Aimtokeepyourentiremealto500caloriesorless.Theaverageadulteats836caloriesperfastfoodmealandunderestimatestheamountofwhattheyeat.Sodon'tguess!（4）______Takeadvantageofthisinformation.

Choosefoodsthatarelowerinfatandhigherinproteinandfiber.Lookforitemswithmoregoodstuff，likefiber，wholegrains，andhigh-qualityprotein.Alsoaimforitemsthatarerelativelylowinsaturatedfats.

（5）______Evenwhenyouorderwisely，itcanbeprettytoughtogetenoughfiberandotherimportantvitaminsandnutrientsfromafastfoodmenu.Ifyouplanahead，youcanbringhealthyfoodlikedriedfruit，nutsandseeds，appleorpearslices，andcheeseoryogurt.

A.It'scheap，tasty，andbestofall，convenient.

B.Asisknowntoall，fastfoodisreallypopular.

C.Bringyourownadd-onitemsifyoureallywantahealthydiet.

D.Buttherearealwayschoicesyoucanmakethatarehealthierthanothers.

E.Mostfastfoodchainspostnutritionalinformationbothonwebsitesandattherestaurants.

F.Italsotendstobelowinnutrientsandalmosttotallylackinginfruit，vegetables，andfiber.

G.Makinghealthierfastfoodchoicesiseasyifyouplanaheadbycheckingthenutritionalguides.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）ASanFranciscoresidentwasoutforajogonthebeachwhenheheardastrangesound."Iheardaweakbark，buttherewasnoonein（1）______，"themanrecalled.

Themancouldhavesimply（2）______withhisjog.But（3）______，hedecidedtohavealook.Ashelookedaroundtherockycliffs（悬崖）bytheocean，thismanmadeashockingdiscovery!Themanfoundadog（4）______inacave.Twosad，pitifuleyesstaredbackathimandthejoggerknewheneededtohelpit.

Themancalledthelocalanimalshelter，tellingthemwhathe'ddiscovered.Theshelter（5）______CarlosOrtega，whoracedtothebeachandimmediatelybegansearchingforthetrappeddog.

Themanwho'dcalledinthesituationdidn'tstickaround.BythetimeCarlosarrived，themanhad（6）______.Butthankfully，he'dusedGPStosendthedog's（7）______，alongwithaphotoofwherethedogwastrappedinthecave.Evenwiththisinformation，Carloscouldn'tfindthepup（8）______."Istartedlookingatalltherocksonthecliffside，tryingto（9）______thepatternoftherocksinthepicturewithwhatIwaslookingatinfrontofme，"hesaid."Buttheentirearealookedsimilartowhatthepicturelookedlike."Carlosconfusedlysearchedwithoutsuccess.Andjustashewasabouttocallforhelp，helookeddownandsawthesame（10）______，pitifuleyesinthepicture.

Carlosquicklywentto（11）______outthedogandtookitbacktohisvehicle.Theanimalsheltersenthimamessagesayingthe（12）______ofthedog'sfamily.Carlosthentookthedogtoitshome，whereits（13）______familyracedouttomeetthem.Itturnedoutthatthedoghadgottenloosethatmorninganditsfamilyhadbeenlookingalloverforit.Theyhadno（14）______thattheirbeloveddoghadbeentrappedinacave.Theywerevery（15）______tohaveitbackhome，safeandsound.21.

A.sight B.order C.line D.mind22.

A.mixed B.dealt C.continued D.began23.

A.unfortunately B.gradually C.absolutely D.thankfully24.

A.trapped B.killed C.raised D.locked25.

A.putforward B.lookedfor C.pickedup D.sentout26.

A.stopped B.appeared C.left D.died27.

A.size B.feeling C.location D.colour28.

A.atlast B.atfirst C.intime D.ontime29.

A.match B.combine C.replace D.share30.

A.happy B.sad C.bright D.kind31.

A.point B.dig C.hand D.give32.

A.address B.name C.member D.figure33.

A.wealthy B.injured C.healthy D.worried34.

A.doubt B.hope C.idea D.chance35.

A.anxious B.curious C.scared D.excited四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Paris，knownastheCityofLove，shinesbrightalldaylong.Thelightsofthecityattract（1）______（tourist）andkeeptheatmospherewarmandglowing.

However，theselightsarenotenvironmentallyfriendlybecausetheyarealwayson.OnegroupofParkourathletes，（2）______getfromonepointtoanotherbyrunning，climbing，andjumping，decidedtotakemattersintotheirownhands.

Morethantenyearsago，ParisCityHallpassedalaw，（3）______（encourage）storestoturnlightsoffbetween1：00a.m.and6：00a.m..（4）______（unfortunate），inthehopeofattractingmorepeople，manystoresignoredthispolicy.Thatis，untiltheParkourathletes.

（5）______（tire）ofthiswasteofelectricity，athletesgooutatnight，determinedtoreducetheoveruseoflight.Theyseekoutemergencylightswitchesthat（6）______（locate）outsidethestores.Usingtheirparkourskills，theyswitch（7）______asmanylightsastheycan.Groupslike"OnTheSpot"recordthemselvesthroughoutthenightandpostitonsocialmedia，spreadingawarenessandencouragingotherstofind（8）______（create）waystohelptheplanet.

Ontopofthis，recentlythegovernment（9）______（pass）alawthatclearlystatestherulesforadvertisementsignsandenforces（执行）（10）______fineof﹩1，480iflightsarenotturnedoffduringthenight.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假定你是李华，你校的读书俱乐部要举办一场读书会，分享各自最近的读书心得与体会，请写一封邮件邀请你的外国朋友Peter来参加.内容包括：

1.活动的时间及地点；

2.活动的内容；

3.要做的准备.

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯.

DearPeter，

_____

Yours，LiHua38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Everyone'sfirstjobisspecial，becauseyougainusefulexperiencethatyoucanuseinotherpositionsinfuture.Italsoteachesyouaboutthevalueofmoney.

WhenIwasaboutsixteenyearsold，Iwantedtobuyalbumsofmyfavouriteband，butIdidnothaveanymoney.Thiswasbecausethemoneymyparentsgavemewasjustenoughtogetby.Ihadtofindapart-timejobinordertopurchasethemusicIwanted.

Luckily，Ifoundthatthereweremanyoldpeoplewhoneededhelpinmyneighbourhood.AndIchosetheoldestpersonIknew，Mrs.Hudson，whowasovereightyyearsold，andcouldnottendhergardenanymore.Shehadflowers，agrasslawn，andsometomatoplants.Iknockedonherdoor，tryingtobuildupenoughcouragetoaskherforwork.Sheansweredthatindeedsheneededhelpinhergarden.

Myfirstjobwastopulloutweeds.Igotdownonmykneesandbegantopullthemoutonebyoneinherfrontyardandbackyard.Finishingthistiringandboringtask，Imowedherlawnfrontandback.Thatwasthefirstdayofmyjob，andittookmeabouttwohours.Afterthat，Iwaspaidtendollarsformywork.ItwaslessthanIthought，butatleastIhadearnedmyfirstmoney.

Aftergettingthattendollars，Iintendedtogotothesupermarkettobuymyfavouritealbum.IchoseanicemorningtodoitbecauseIknewitwouldbeamemorablemomentwhenIwasabletobuywhatIlikedthroughmyefforts.Butonthewaytosupermarket，Ihappenedtoseemymom"working"ontheoppositesideoftheroad.Actually，Ihadneverseenhowsheworkedbefore，Ijustknewshewasasaleswoman.

注意：（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Undertheburningsun，mymomwasdistributingleaflets（分发传单）topassers-by，sweatingallover.

________

ThenIcontinuedmakingmywaytothesupermarket，andsuddenlyagoodideaoccurredtome.

__________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、A、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据小标题TheLessWasteNoFussKitchen：SimpleStepstoShop，Cook，andEatSustainablybyLindsayMiles下的段落Thisislessacookbookandmoreahandbookforhowtosetup，stock，anduseyourkitcheninawaythatreduceswasteandminimizeswork.LindsayMilesisazerowastelifestylebloggerwhosebookoffersastep-by-stepguideforpeoplewhowishtochangethewaytheyinteractwithfood.（与其说这是一本烹饪书，不如说是一本手册，教你如何设置、储存和使用你的厨房，以减少浪费和最小化工作。林赛•迈尔斯是一位零浪费生活方式的博主，她的书为那些希望改变与食物互动方式的人提供了一步一步的指导）可知，TheLessWasteNoFussKitchen：SimpleStepstoShop，Cook，andEatSustainably这本书对厨师有用。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据小标题ThingsYouCanDo：HowtoFightClimateChangeandReduceWastebyEduardoGarcia下的段落中EduardoGarcia，whocontributesregularlytoTreehugger，isastrongbelieverinthepowerofindividualchoicestoeffectchange.（EduardoGarcia经常为Treehugger撰稿，他坚信个人选择的力量可以改变世界）可推知，EduardoGarcia是一名作家。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据小标题TheHumaneHome：EasyStepsforSustainable&GreenLivingbySarahLozanova下的段落Thisshort，smallbookwouldbeusefultoanyonebuildingorrenovatingahomeandwantingageneraloverviewofhowtodoitwithminimalimpact.（这本短小精悍的书对任何想要建造或翻新房屋的人都很有用，他们想要了解如何以最小的影响来完成它）可知，TheHumaneHome：EasyStepsforSustainable&GreenLiving是本短小精悍的书，所以读这本书不会花太长时间。A．Lindsay

Miles

shares

his

food

on

his

blog

every

day.林赛•迈尔斯每天在他的博客上分享他的食物；B．It

doesn't

take

too

long

to

read

Sarah

Lozanova's

book.读萨拉•洛扎诺娃的书不会花太长时间；C．Megean

Weldon's

book

recommends

some

eco-friendly

companies.梅根•韦尔登（MegeanWeldon）在书中推荐了一些环保公司；D．Eduardo

Garcia

thinks

children

have

great

power

to

make

a

difference.爱德华多•加西亚认为孩子们有巨大的力量来改变世界。故选B。

这篇短文主要介绍了几本关于环保生活的书籍。第一本书《The

Humane

Home：Easy

Steps

for

Sustainable

&

Green

Living》是一本适合建造或翻新房屋的人们阅读的小书，内容包括从建造花园床到保存自家种植的农产品，再到通过在马桶箱中放砖块来节约用水等各种小项目。第二本书《An

Almost

Zero

Waste

Life：Learning

How

to

Embrace

Less

to

Live

More》提供了简短易懂的段落和可爱的图片，鼓励人们选择竹牙刷和无包装化妆品等，但没有提及任何品牌。第三本书《Things

You

Can

Do：How

to

Fight

Climate

Change

and

Reduce

Waste》是一本实用的书，介绍了全球变暖的原因、能源的生产方式以及这些对我们现代消费习惯的意义，作者认为个人的选择可以产生变革。最后一本书《The

Less

Waste

No

Fuss

Kitchen：Simple

Steps

to

Shop，Cook，and

Eat

Sustainably》是一本关于如何减少浪费和减少工作量的厨房设置、储备和使用指南，作者是一位零浪费生活方式博主。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。4~7.【答案】A、C、B、A【解析】（1）词句猜测题。根据第二段18-year-oldTySwartoutisautisticandunabletospeak，andhealsolovesThePolarExpress.Inadditiontoreadingthebookhundredsoftimes，heissuretowatchthemovieeverymonth.（18岁的TySwartout患有自闭症，不会说话，但他也喜欢《极地快车》。除了把这本书读几百遍之外，他每个月肯定都会看这部电影）以及划线词上文whenhisparentsdiscoveredthattherewasareal-lifeversionofthemagicholidaytrainattheGrandCanyonRailwayHotelinWilliams，Arizona，theyknewatripthereisamustthingtobe（当他的父母发现亚利桑那州威廉姆斯的大峡谷铁路酒店有一列现实版的神奇假日火车时，他们知道去那里旅行是必须orchestrated）可知，TySwartout非常喜欢《极地快车》这部电影，所以他的父母发现酒店里有一辆现实版的神奇假日火车时，他们知道要精心策划这次旅程。故划线词意思是"计划，安排"。A．Scheduled.计划；B．Drafted.起草；C．Confirmed.确认；D．Postponed.推迟。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第四段ThetrainstaffrefusedtoleavewithoutTy，buthisparentstoldthemtogoaheadwithoutthem."ThestaffoftheGrandCanyonRailwayinsistedonhelping，"Ty'smotherAngiesaid."Theyevenheldthetrain，forwhichIwasbeyondgrateful.Finally，Ihadtosayletusgobacktotheroom."（火车上的工作人员拒绝在没有Ty的情况下离开，但他的父母告诉他们不要等他们。"大峡谷铁路的工作人员坚持要帮忙，"Ty的母亲安吉说。"他们甚至拦住了火车，对此我感激不尽。我最后不得不说，让我们回到房间去吧。"）可知，人们的同情深深打动了Ty的家人。所以"C．Ty's

family

was

greatly

struck

by

people's

sympathy.Ty的家人被人们的同情深深打动了"。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段AshotelstaffhelpedTy'sfatherLloydrearrangetheirvisitontheGrandCanyonExpresswaywithfreespecialaccommodations，TyandAngiereadThePolarExpress，onlytobevisitedbythereal-liferailwaytrainconductor.HesatnexttoTy'sbedandengagedhiminconversation.（酒店工作人员帮助Ty的父亲Lloyd重新安排了他们在大峡谷高速公路上的旅行，并提供了免费的特殊住宿，Ty和Angie读了《极地特快》，结果却被现实生活中的火车列车长拜访了。他坐在Ty的床边，和他攀谈起来）可知，列车长在Ty读书的时候来找Ty的。故选B。

（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Whenayoungmanwithautism（自闭）couldn'trealizehisdreamofridingonthePolarExpress，thetrainstaffhelpedmakehiswishcometrue.（当一个患有自闭症的年轻人无法实现他乘坐极地快车的梦想时，火车工作人员帮助他实现了愿望）结合文章主要说明了18岁的TySwartout患有自闭症，不会说话，但他也喜欢《极地快车》，他的父母带他去了一辆现实版的神奇假日火车，火车上的工作人员热心善良，帮助男孩实现了愿望。可知，A选项"Polar

Express

Surprises

Boy

with

Autism.极地快车让自闭症男孩惊喜"最符合文章标题。故选A。

这篇短文主要讲述了一个自闭症患者的故事。这个年轻人非常喜欢《极地特快》这本书和电影，但由于自己的状况无法实现搭乘真实的极地特快的愿望。然而，当他的父母发现亚利桑那州威廉姆斯的大峡谷铁路酒店有一个真实的节日特快列车时，他们决定带他去实现愿望。在激动的参观过程中，由于过度兴奋，他出现了情绪失控的情况，但铁路工作人员坚持等待他，并通过酒店员工和警察的帮助，为他提供了特殊的安排，使他能够与真实的列车售票员交流。这个故事展示了人们的善良和关爱。

1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。8~11.【答案】D、B、C、B【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Ononesideoftheroomsitsalovelylife-sizestuffedanimal（毛绒玩具）you'veeverseen.Ontheothersiderestsarealrabbitthesamesize，shapeandeventhesamenameasthestuffedversion.Yougettositnexttobothofthemandpettheirfur.Guesswhichonewillmakeyourbrainlightup？（在房间的一边放着一个你从未见过的可爱的真人大小的填充动物。另一边是一只真正的兔子，它的大小、形状甚至名字都和填充版一样。你可以坐在它们旁边，抚摸它们的毛。猜猜哪个会让你的大脑兴奋起来？）可知，作者通过提供一个选择题来展开第一段，故选D。

（2）段落大意题。根据第三段Itprovidesadditionalevidencethatlivehuman-animalinteractionsmayincreasecognitiveandemotionalactivityinthebrain.Ifpatientswithproblemsinmotivation，attention，andsocioemotionalfunctioningshowhigheremotionalinvolvementinactivitiesconnectedtoarabbit，thensuchactivitiescouldincreasethechanceoflearningandofachievinghealingaims（它提供了额外的证据，证明人类与动物的互动可能会增加大脑中的认知和情感活动。如果动机、注意力和社会情感功能有问题的患者在与兔子有关的活动中表现出更高的情感投入，那么这些活动可以增加学习和实现治疗目标的机会）可知，第三段主要讲了活生生的人与动物的互动被证明具有治疗效果。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Researchersusedfunctionalnear-infraredspectroscopy（fNIRS）inthestudy，whichisaportablebrainscannerthatprovidesflexibilitysinceit'sfunctionalinnaturalsettingsandnotlimitedtoaclosedroominalab.（研究人员在研究中使用了功能性近红外光谱（fNIRS），这是一种便携式大脑扫描仪，它提供了灵活性，因为它可以在自然环境中发挥作用，而不仅仅局限于实验室的封闭房间。）可知，从文中我们可以了解到关于近红外光谱允许在实验室之外进行研究。所以"C．It

allows

the

study

to

be

conducted

outside

a

lab.它允许在实验室之外进行研究。"正确。故选C。

（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段However，thestudyfoundanevenstrongerincreaseinbrainactivitywhenthepersonpettedthefurofarealrabbitthanthestuffedanimal.（然而，研究发现，当人们抚摸一只真正的兔子的皮毛时，大脑活动的增加幅度比抚摸毛绒玩具要大得多。）和最后一段的Positivenon-verbalsignalsandinteractionsprovidedbyalivinganimalcouldinpartexplainthisdifference（活体动物提供的积极的非语言信号和互动可以部分解释这种差异）可知，活体动物的积极反应会让大脑兴奋起来。所以"B．Positive

reactions

given

by

the

living

animals

can

make

the

br