书面表达训练三步法

写作进阶提升——书面表达训练三步法

写作进阶提升英语作文训练的三大步第一步,文从字顺的初级阶段第二步,多悟思变的过渡阶段第三步,文质兼美的高级阶段第一步：文从字顺的初级阶段语言错误多，汉语式的句子多多数考生写的作文要点很全面，但是由于英语语言基础知识不扎实，语言不规范，也往往失分严重。最突出的语言错误有以下几种：（1）主谓不一致。①FatherandIamgoingtovisither.②Myuncleoftengotothecinemahimself.（2）时态、语态混用。①Themealissonicethatweallenjoyeditverymuch.②Theoldmanknockeddownbythecarandinjuredbadly.

（3）句子成分残缺。①Butthecarwhichpaintedreddidn’tstop.②Theyoungmanrunninginthestreet.

③

Hewouldn’tabletoworkouttheproblem.④Weallagainstallformsofterroristactivities.（4）习惯搭配乱用。①Iverylikethenovel.②Thenwesetoffdigging,plantingandwatering.（5）汉式英语。

a)Thecarisyellowcolour.b)Hecostfiveyuantobuyanewdictionary.c)Recentlyourvillagehastakenplacegreatchanges.d)ThefactorybrokeoutabigfirelastSunday.e)Chinesepopulationismany.（6）名词单、复数不分。①HewillgiveusatalkonAmericanfilm.②Heisoneofthebestplayerinourschool.Itcosthimfiveyuantobuyanewdictionary.Greatchangeshavetakenplace

in

ourvillagerecently.Abigfirebrokeoutin

thefactorylastSunday.Chinahasalargepopulation.（7）赘词现象严重。①Atlast,thelostboyreturnedback.②Ononeday,hewenttothecinema.

（8）用词不当。Ihopeyoutohelpthegirlwithherhomework.（9）拼写和词形变化错误。①Thecarhittedtheoldmananddrivedaway.②Onhiswaytoschool,hesewalittlegirl.（10）前后人称不一致。①Swimmingandfootballarehisfavouritesports,helikesitallhislife.②Thelittlegirlusuallygoestoschoolat7inthemorning,buttodayhewaslateforschool.（11）结构错误:

a)Havingheardthenews,herheartbeatfasterandfaster.b)Hewroteabout300stories,someofthemhadbeentranslatedintoChinese.c)Weshouldteachchildrendon’tplayandridebikesontheroad.(12)词义不清楚:a)Hemanagedtoswimacrosstheriver,butfailed.b)I’vedelayedtoreturnyouthebookEnglishUsage,whichyouborrowedmetwodaysbefore.

Shehavingheardthenews,句子表达多样性的途径高考英语书面表达新的评分标准要求考生使用高级词汇、复杂句式、过渡性词语和不同的表达方式，从而增加文章的可读性和表现力。1)改变句子的语序，通过倒装某成分、倒装句、强调句、感叹句等手段实现句子形式的多样化，使句子跌宕起伏，文章生动活泼。a.Hegotupveryearlytocatchthebus.→Tocatchthebus，hegotupveryearly.

b.Thegirl,hungryandthirsty,wentbackhome.→

Thegirlwentbackhome,hungryandthirsty.

c.Tomknewhismistakesonlythen.→

OnlythendidTomknowhismistakes.第二步：多悟思变的过渡阶段d.Thenewsthatourfootballteamhadwoncamesoon.→

Thenewscamesoonthatourfootballteamhadwon.e.Itbegantorainjustatteno’clock.→

Itwasatteno’clockthatitbegantorain.2)

用复合句（定从、状从、名词性从句、并列句等）来代替简单句，使语言由松散变凝练，增强句子的连贯性和句意的表现力，使行文更富文采。a）IwaswalkingalongParkRoadtowardstheeast.Atthattime,anelderlymancameoutoftheparkontheothersideofthestreet.→

IwaswalkingalongParkRoadtowardstheeastwhenanelderlymancameoutoftheparkontheothersideofthestreet.IheardthatBeijingwonthebidforthe2008OlympicGames.Iwasexcited.→

I

wasexcitedtohearthatBeijingwonthebidforthe2008OlympicGamesb)TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaostreet.ItisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.→Theflat,whichisinabuildingonFangcaostreet.,isnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.c)Thisistheplace.Iworkedwiththefarmersinthepast.→ThisistheplacewhereIworkedwiththefarmersinthepast.d)Marystoodinfrontofthewindow.Fromthatplaceshecouldseeherclassmatesplayingfootball.→Marystoodinfrontofthewindowfromwhereshecouldseeherclassmatesplayingfootball.3)多使用短语结构来简化从句或合并短句：常见的短语结构有分词短语、介词短语、名词短语、同位语结构和独立主格结构。Itwasfine.Wewentout.→Itbeingfine,wewentout.Whenyouarecrossingthestreet,youmustbeverycareful.

→

Whencrossingthestreet,youmustbeverycareful.Ifthetreesweregivenmorewater,theywouldhavegrownbetter.

→

Givenmorewater,thetreeswouldhavegrownbetter.Theyoungmancouldn’thelpcryingwhenheheardthebadnews.

→

Hearingthebadnews，theyoungmancouldn’thelpcrying.It’sasmallflat.It’s25squaremeters.Ithasabedroom,abathroomandakitchen.

→

It’sasmallflatof25squaremeters,withabedroom,abathroomandakitchen.

精确词汇及高级词汇：1.Hewillbearrivingsoon.→Hewillbearrivingprettysoon.2.Theypouredthewastewaterintotheriver.→Theypouredthewastewaterdirectly

intotheriver.3.Hegotangry.→Hegot

alittlebitangry.4.Idon’tunderstand.→Idon’tquite

understand.5.Ifyouhaveanyproblems,youcanshoutout.→Ifyouhaveanyproblems,justyell.6.Theyplantedtreesaroundtheschool.→Theyplantedtreesthroughoutthecampus.7.Thepolicetreatedthewhitesbetterthantheblacks.→Thepolicefavoredthewhiteovertheblack.(偏爱…而不喜欢…)8.“Whataretheydoing?”hethought.→“Whataretheydoing?”hefigured.

第三步：文质兼美的高级阶段怎样使用较高级的词汇和“固式结构”:

Becausetheweatherwasgood,ourjourneywascomfortable.→Theweatherbeinggood,ourjourneywascomfortable.2.Weallthinkheisagreatman.→Weallconsiderhimtobeagreatman.3.SuddenlyIthoughtoutagoodidea.→

Suddenlyagoodideaoccurredtome.使用排比①Whetheryourtastesaremodernontraditional,sophisticatedorsimple,thereisplentyinLondonforyou.②Nowadays,energycanbeobtainedthroughvarioussourcessuchasoil,coal,naturalgas,solarheat,thewindandoceantides.③Wehavegottostudyhard,toenlargeourscopeofknowledge,torealizeourpotentialsandtopayforourlife.长短句交替使用，体现表达节奏美

长句和短句是就句子的字数多少、形体长短而言的。长句和短句各有其优点和缺点。长句，因为使用的定语、状语较多，限制了概念的外延，增大了概念的内涵，所以比较精确、严密，但使用起来不够活泼简便。短句，由于字数少，直截了当，一般比较简洁、明快、有力，但不利于表达复杂的语义内容。在具体语言活动中，最好长短句交替使用。这既体现了节奏上的要求，也是意义上的需要。例如：

Wecanimaginethebeautifulsurroundings.Therearemanytreesalongthestreets.Thereisacleanriverinthecity.Therearemanyfishesintheriver.Therearewillowtreesontheoneside.Therearesomepiecesofgrasslandontheotherside.Therearemanyflowersonthem.

文中七个句子都是简单句，句型结构单一，而且句子长短同一，都在七八词左右，十分单调。下面是修改后的段落：

Justimaginethebeautifulsurroundingsifwemakeourcitiesgreener.Greentreeslinethestreets.Acleanriverwindsthroughthecity,inwhichalotoffishesaround.Ontheonesidestandrowsofwillowtrees.On

theothersideliesastretchofgrasslandsprinkledwithmanyyellowandredflowers.

改写后的这段文字，有长句，也有短句，一长一短，抑扬顿挫的节奏感就出来了。不仅使句子长短交插，而且句型结构变化也很大，使文章流畅自然，生动活泼。

为了丰富外国留学生的生活，你校学生会将举办一次音乐周活动。请你以组织者的身份写一个书面通知。有关内容如下：时间：5月第一周活动：（1）演唱歌曲：流行歌曲

(2)器乐演奏：古典和民间音乐（3）音乐比赛：听歌曲片段，然后猜出处地点：届时通知参加者请于4月20日前报名。注意：（1）书面通知应写成一篇连贯的短文；（2）可以适当增减细节；（3）词数100左右；（4）通知格式已为你写好。参考词汇：古典—classical民间—folk比赛—contest乐器—musical–instrumentsNOTICE①TheStudentsUnionhasdecidedtoorganizeamusicweek.②Theaimoftheactivitiesistoenrichthelivesofforeignstudents.③Itwillbehe