中考定语从句(PPT)

定语从句

（中考）

Sheisagirl.Sheispretty.Heisaboy.Heishandsome.

Sheisaprettygirl.Heisahandsomeboy.定语——

修饰名词或代词的词语或短语。Sheisaprettygirl.Heisahandsomeboy.定语从句——修饰名词或代词的句子。Sheisagirl______ispretty.Heisaboy______ishandsome.

whowho关系词先行词定语从句结构：先行词+关系词+从句（考点）

关系词及其意义关系词指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因who,

thatwhich,thatwhosewherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词人

(n.)+who/that+从句物

(n.)+that/which+从句

关系代词：that/which/who（在从句中做主宾表）Ihave

anapple.Anapple

isred.Ihave

anapplethat

isred.修饰先行词anapple

主语主语Ilikesomefriends.

Somefriendslikesports.Ilikesomefriendswho

likesports.修饰先行词friends

主语主语/thatIlikethemusic.Icandancetothemusic.IlikethemusicthatIcandanceto.宾语宾语关系词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。Ilikethegirl.Youaretalkingtothegirl.Ilikethegirlwhoyouaretalkingto.宾语宾语/that关系词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。从句主宾表的判断1.找到从句的谓语动词；2.谓语动词前少成分——主3.谓语动词后少成分——宾4.Be动词后少成分——表练习：判断Who/that在从句中担任主语还是宾语。IlovesingerswhowritetheirownsongsHeisthemanwhoImetyesterday.IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.Ipreferasandwichthatisreallydelicious.主语宾语宾语主语定语从句一般解题步骤：1.找到先行词；2.判断先行词在从句中的成分；3.套用句型：名词或代词——一般在横线前主宾表——that/which/who人(n.)+who/that

+从句物(n.)+that/which

+从句—Whatareyoulookingfor?—I'mlookingforthewatch_______Iboughtyesterday.A．which B．who C．whose—Doyouknowthelittleboy______ishelpingtheoldmancrosstheroad?—No.Buthowniceheis!A.whichB.whoC.whom—Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?—Ilikemusic______Icandanceto.A.because B.when C.who D.thatFriendsarethose__________makeyousmile,alwaysopentheirheartstoyouandencourageyoutosucceed.A.whichB.whatC.whomD.whoIcan’tfindthebook

aboutfamoussportsmen______Iborrowedfromthelibraryyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.whomIcan’tfindthebookaboutfamoussportsmen______Iborrowedfromthelibraryyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.whom-Haveyoufoundtheinformationaboutfamouspeople__________youcanuseforthereport?-Notyet.I’llsearchsomeontheInternet.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.whom-Haveyoufoundtheinformationaboutfamouspeople__________youcanuseforthereport?-Notyet.I’llsearchsomeontheInternet.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.whomWhatisacooljob?Iwouldsay“agoodjob”is_________youwoulddoevenyoudidn’tgetpaidfromit.A.theoneB.whichC.whyD.thatIs________youborrowedfromthelibrary?A.thisB.thisthebookC.thisbookwhichD.thisbookthatwhose作定语先行词和从句主语是所属关系。

Theboyismyclassmate.

Theboy’sfatherisapoliceman.Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate.Whose适用的两大条件1.从句的主谓宾或主系表是完整的。2.从句的主语与先行词（主语从属于先行词）构成从属关系（……的）。Achild_____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan(孤儿).A.whoB.whoseC.who’sD.whichLookatthegirl____nameisLucy.A.whoB.thatC.who’sD.whoseJimdislikespeople_______talkmuchbutneverdoanything.A.whom B.when C.whose D.whoThegirl________catchestheflowersonaweddingwillbethenexttogetmarried.A.whomB.which

C.whoD.whoseI’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool_______ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.who B.where C.when D.whichLiMeiisthestudent_________handwritingisthebestinourclass.A.whoseB.whomC.whoD.that--Isthereanyonehere______nameisBetty?--Sorry,Idon’tknow.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whoseJohnistheboy_____legswerebadlyhurtintheaccident.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.whichCanyouasktheboy_________Icangetmye-bookbackfromhim?A.whoB.whichC.thatD.when宾语从句（2010·十堰中考）IbegantoworkinShanghaiintheyear_______HongKongwasreturnedtoChina.A.that B.which C.where D.when(2011湖南岳阳中考)Ican’tforgetthetime______theearthquakehappenedinYushu.A.whenB.whichC.whereYesterdayLiMingwenttothevillage_____hisfamilylivedtenyearsago.A.whenB.which

C.whereD.that地方(n.)+where+从句时间(n.)+when+从句原因(n.)+why+从句

关系副词：where,when,why（在从句中做状语）

when作时间状语Shewillneverforgettheday.Shegotthefirstprizeonthatday.Shewillneverforgetthedaywhenshegotthefirstprize.where作地点状语Hewanttoknowtheplace.Hewasbornthere.Hewanttoknowtheplacewherehewasborn.—Wheredidyougolastweek?—IwenttoZhangAiping’shometownandvisitedthehouse________hewasbornin.A.thatB.thereC.whoD.whoseYesterdayLiMingwenttothevillage_________hisfamilylivedtenyearsago.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.thatThehouse________LuXunusedtoliveisnowamuseum.A.which B.thatC.inwhich D.there常见不及物动词——不接宾语worklivestaygobebornhappen注意:如果后面有介词，可以带宾语。比如：Live

in

the

house.

why作原因状语——其先行词常常是thereason.Iknowthereason

whyhesaidit.Shedidn’ttellmethereason

whysherefusedtheoffer.状语的判定从句主谓宾或主系表完整时间，地点，原因三大状语1.When——表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词如:time,day,hour,year等。）。2.Where——表示地点，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词如:

place,room,house,city,country等。)。3.Why——

表示原因，常用在先行词reason。

1.Hestillremembertheday_____hemetthegreatmaninthestreet.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.that2.Thatisthereason_____heisleavingsosoon.A.whichB.thatC.whyD.where3.Thisisthehotel_____theystayedlastmonth.A.whichB.thatC.how

D.where1.Thewindowsanddoorscamefromoldbuildingaroundthetown_______werebeingpulleddown.A./B.thatC.whereD.when2.—Thevillage_______Ivisitedlastyearhaschangedalot.—Really?Ihopetogothereoneday.A.thatB.whereC.whenD.why主语宾语定语从句一般解题步骤：1.找到先行词（一般在横线前）；2.判断先行词在从句中的成分3.套用句型：主宾表——that/which/who定语——whose状语——where/when/why人(n.)+who/that

+从句物(n.)+that/which

+从句地方(n.)+where+从句时间(n.)+when+从句原因(n.)+why+从句Payattention只用that不用which的情况1.当先行词是或被它们修饰时。all,any,few,little,none,only,

anything,everything,nothing,everybody,nobody,everyone,noone

That’sallthatIknow.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked.Theonlything__________wecoulddowastoaskthepoliceforhelp.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.whom2.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。1）ThatisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.2）ThefirstthingthatIshoulddoistoreviewmylessons.Thefirstthing_______Iamgoingtodothiseveningistowritetomyfather.A.thatB.whichC.who3.当先行词中有人和物时，用that。Istillrememberthecollegeandtheteachers_______IvisitedinLondonyearsago.A.whatB.whoC.thatD.which定语从句跟其他考点结合—DoyouenjoyMyheartwillgoon?—No,Iprefersongs_______loud.A.thatisB.whichisC.thatareD.whatareWho/that在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的单复数跟先行词保持一致。Iprefershoesthatarecool.Ihaveafriendwhoplayssports.Ihavegotsomegreatphotosoftheboywho______theguitarontheleft.A.playB.playsC.playingD.toplay—Doyouknowthegirl__________isstanding________thetree?—Yes,sheismyfriend,ZhangYing.A.that,inthefrontofB.whom,under

C.who,infrontofD.which,behindIlikethecartoon______hasahappyendingandmakesme______.A.which;tolaugh B.that;tolaughC.whose;laughing D.which;laugh—Doyouknowtheman______isstandingatthedoor?—Yes,Ido.He'safriendof_____.A.when;IB.who;mineC.that;meD.which;myThegirl_