直接引语间接引语

直接引语变间接引语一、如何变人称：学生在将直接引语变间接引语时。常常弄不清人称变化。下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：Shesaid."Mybrotherwantstogowithme."—Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithher.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：HesaidtoKate."Howisyoursisternow?"—HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：MrSmithsaid。"Jackisagoodworker°"fMrSmithsaidJackwasagoodworker。二、如何变时态：直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如：Shesaid."Ihavelostapen."—ShesaidshehadlostapenShesaid."Wehopeso."—Shesaidtheyhopedso.Shesaid."Hewillgotoseehisfriend"—Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend。但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。直接引语是客观真理。"Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth,theteachertoldme.fTheteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth。直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：Jacksaid."John,wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet?"fJackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet。直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：XiaoWangsaid."IwasbornonApril2l,1980。"—XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980。直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：Hesaid,"Igetupatsixeverymorning。"fHesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning。如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例：oughtto,hadbetter,usedto)和已经是过去时的形式时，(例：could,should,would,might)不再变。如：Petersaid."Youhadbettercomehavetoday。"fPetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday。三、如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”(例：now变为then,yesterday。变为thedaybefore)地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”(例：this改为that),如：Hesaid,"Thesebooksaremine."fHesaidthosebookswerehis.四、如何变句型：直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：Shesaid,"Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes."fShesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.女口：Hesaid,"Canyouswim,John?"—HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim."Youhavefinishedthehomework,haven‘tyou?"mymotherasked.—MymotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedthehomework."Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?"—HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句(宾语从句必须用陈述句语序)。Sheaskedme,"Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?"—Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask,order,beg等)sb(not)todosth."句型。如："Don'tmakeanynoise,"shesaidtothechildren.—Shetold(ordered)thechildrennottomakeanynoise."Bringmeacupoftea,please,"saidshe.—Sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea.直接引语如果是以“Let's”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动句词(或从句)。”如：Hesaid,"Let'sgotothefilm."—Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.直接引语和间接引语(一)把下列句子中的直接引语改为间接引语:"Ihadbeenwaitingforhoursbeforeyouarrived,"hesaid.Hesaid,"Ijoinedthearmyin1938.""Isawthemoderndrama.TheTeahousein1964."myfathersaidtome."Youcandoitifyoutry,"hewillsaytoJulia.Shesays,"Ihavebeenverybusythesedays."Hesaidtome,"Didyoumeetyourclassmateyesterday?"Hesaid,"Didyouseethefilmlastnight?""DoesyourbrotherstudyRussian?"theteacheraskedme."Don'tbelateforclassagain,"theteachersaidtoJenny."Youmadeamistakeintheexam."hesaid.Theteachersaidtothestudent,"Ihavesomethingtodotoday."Shesays,"I'mworriedaboutmyEnglish."IaskedMary,"Whatareyoudoingnow?"Heaskedme,"Wherewereyouyesterday?"Marysaid,"I'mpreparingmylessons."Hesaid,"Ilostmypentwodaysago.""Oxygenisagas,"theteachersaid."Mybicyclehasbeenstolen,"hesaid,"Ishallhavetocallthepolice.VIHesaid,"Issheyourfriend?Heaskedme,"DoyoustudyEnglishorFrench?""Haveyouanythinginterestingtosay,George?"hesaid.He'sheretoaskforhelp,isn'the?"sheasked."Howdoyoufeel?"thedoctoraskedhim."Whywasshelateforschool?"hewantedtoknow."Whatisthetime?Isyourwatchright?"heasked."Whendoesthetrainleave?"sheaskedme."Gotobedanddon'tgetuptillyouarecalled,hismotherordered."Pleaseexplainwhyyou'relate,"thebosssaid."Smellthis,doyouthinkithasgonebad?"shesaidtome."Don'tpassuntilthegreenlightison."thepolicemansaidtohim.Hewillsay,"Ihavewateredthesunflowers."（二） 在空白处填入适当词,使之与原句要求一致.（10分,10分钟）ThebossaskedJohn,"Wherehaveyoubeen?"（改成间接引语）ThebossaskedJohnwhere .MarysaidthatshehaddrawnapictureoftheWestLake.（改为直接引语）Marysaid," drawnapictureoftheWestLake.WeiFangaskedmenottogivetheknifetoLiMing.（改为直接引语）" givetheknifetoLiMing,Please,"WeiFangtoldme."I'mreadingamagazineandIcan'tgotothecinemawithyou,"hesaid.（变为间接引语）Hesaidthathe amagazine thathecouldn'tgotothecinemawithme.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z"Stayhere!"theofficersaidtothesoldier.（改为间接引语）Theofficer thesoldier .Mr.Wuaskedthelittleboy,"Wheredidyoumeettheforeigngueststwodaysago?"（改为间接引语）Mr.Wuaskedthelittleboywhere theforeigngueststwodays .Myteacheraskedme,"Didyoutakepartintheparty?"（直接引语）Myteacheraskedme Ihadtakenpartinthepatty.Theysaid,"Wehaveneverbeenhere."（改为间接引语）Theysaidthattheyhadneverbeen .Tomaskedhertotellhimwhathadhappened.（改为直接引语）Tomsaidtoher,"Please ."Mr.LisaidhewouldgototheSummerPalacethenextday.（改为直接引语）Mr.Lisaid,"IwillgototheSummerPalace ."（三）将下列句中间接引语改为直接引语.Hetoldmetogoonwithmywork.Iaskedherwhyshehadn'ttoldmeearlier.Heaskedmehowlongitwouldtaketogotherebytrain.HetoldmethatMarxwasbornonMay5,1818.TheysaidtheyhadvisitedthemuseumonJuly1st.Thedoctortoldhernottoeattoomuchfat.HeaskedmewhetherIhadanydifficulty.Hetoldmehisbrotherwouldgotherethenextmonth.（四）在空白处填入适当的词,使之与原句意思相符.Hesaid,"EveryoneisatschooltodayexceptLinTao."HesaidthateveryonewasatschoolexceptLinTao.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zShesaidtome,"Yesterdaymorningshecameintoclassasusual."Shetoldmethatshewentintoclassasusual .Heasked,"Hashehadanythingthismorning?"Heaskedmeifhehadanything .Heasked,"Areyouabletocometomorrowmorning."HeaskedifIwasabletogo .Heaskedme,"Whatareyoudoingtonight?"HeaskedmewhatIwasdoing ."We'vebeeninChinaforovertwoyearsnow,"shesaidtome.ShetoldmethattheyhadbeeninChinaforovertwoyears .Hesaid,"Iborrowedabookfromthelibrarytwoyearsago."TOC\o"1-5"\h\zHesaidthathehadborrowedabookfromthelibrary .Hesaid,"Imethimthedaybeforeyesterday."Hesaidthathehadmethim___.Shesaid,"We'llstartourtermthedayaftertomorrow."Shesaidthattheywouldstarttheirterm .Hesaid,"I'llbringittoschooltomorrow."Hesaidthathewould ittoschool .Heasked:"Whatdaywasityesterday?"Heaskedwhatdayithadbeen ."That'sonethingIdidn'tforgetlastnight,"hesaid.Hesaidthatwasonethinghehadn'tforgotten .Shesaidtous,"Ifellandhurtmynecklastweek."Shetoldusthatshehadfallenandhurtherneck ."Weshalltalkaboutitagainnextweek,"shesaid.Shesaidthattheywouldtalkaboutitagain .Hesaid,"Heseemedrathertiredthatday."Hesaidthatheseemedrathertired .直接引语和间接引语（一）把下列句子中的直接引语改为间接引语:"Ihadbeenwaitingforhoursbeforeyouarrived,"hesaid.Hesaid,"Ijoinedthearmyin1938.""Isawthemoderndrama.TheTeahousein1964."myfathersaidtome."Youcandoitifyoutry,"hewillsaytoJulia.Shesays,"Ihavebeenverybusythesedays."Hesaidtome,"Didyoumeetyourclassmateyesterday?"Hesaid,"Didyouseethefilmlastnight?""DoesyourbrotherstudyRussian?"theteacheraskedme."Don'tbelateforclassagain,"theteachersaidtoJenny."Youmadeamistakeintheexam."hesaid.Theteachersaidtothestudent,"Ihavesomethingtodotoday."Shesays,"I'mworriedaboutmyEnglish."IaskedMary,"Whatareyoudoingnow?"Heaskedme,"Wherewereyouyesterday?"Marysaid,"I'mpreparingmylessons."Hesaid,"Ilostmypentwodaysago.""Oxygenisagas,"theteachersaid."Mybicyclehasbeenstolen,"hesaid,"Ishallhavetocallthepolice.VIHesaid,"Issheyourfriend?Heaskedme,"DoyoustudyEnglishorFrench?""Haveyouanythinginterestingtosay,George?"hesaid.He'sheretoaskforhelp,isn'the?"sheasked."Howdoyoufeel?"thedoctoraskedhim."Whywasshelateforschool?"hewantedtoknow."Whatisthetime?Isyourwatchright?"heasked."Whendoesthetrainleave?"sheaskedme."Gotobedanddon'tgetuptillyouarecalled,hismotherordered."Pleaseexplainwhyyou'relate,"thebosssaid."Smellthis,doyouthinkithasgonebad?"shesaidtome."Don'tpassuntilthegreenlightison."thepolicemansaidtohim.Hewillsay,"Ihavewateredthesunflowers."（二） 在空白处填入适当词,使之与原句要求一致.（10分,10分钟）ThebossaskedJohn,"Wherehaveyoubeen?"（改成间接引语）ThebossaskedJohnwhere .MarysaidthatshehaddrawnapictureoftheWestLake.（改为直接引语）Marysaid," drawnapictureoftheWestLake.WeiFangaskedmenottogivetheknifetoLiMing.（改为直接引语）" givetheknifetoLiMing,Please,"WeiFangtoldme."I'mreadingamagazineandIcan'tgotothecinemawithyou,"hesaid.（变为间接引语）Hesaidthathe amagazine thathecouldn'tgotothecinemawithme."Stayhere!"theofficersaidtothesoldier.（改为间接引语）TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTheofficer thesoldier .Mr.Wuaskedthelittleboy,"Wheredidyoumeettheforeigngueststwodaysago?"（改为间接引语）Mr.Wuaskedthelittleboywhere theforeigngueststwodays .Myteacheraskedme,"Didyoutakepartintheparty?"（直接引语）Myteacheraskedme Ihadtakenpartinthepatty.Theysaid,"Wehaveneverbeenhere."（改为间接引语）Theysaidthattheyhadneverbeen .Tomaskedhertotellhimwhathadhappened.（改为直接引语）Tomsaidtoher,"Please ."Mr.LisaidhewouldgototheSummerPalacethenextday.（改为直接引语）Mr.Lisaid,"IwillgototheSummerPalace ."（三）将下列句中间接引语改为直接引语.Hetoldmetogoonwithmywork.Iaskedherwhyshehadn'ttoldmeearlier.Heaskedmehowlongitwouldtaketogotherebytrain.HetoldmethatMarxwasbornonMay5,1818.TheysaidtheyhadvisitedthemuseumonJuly1st.Thedoctortoldhernottoeattoomuchfat.HeaskedmewhetherIhadanydifficulty.Hetoldmehisbrotherwouldgotherethenextmonth.（四）在空白处填入适当的词,使之与原句意思相符.Hesaid,"EveryoneisatschooltodayexceptLinTao."HesaidthateveryonewasatschoolexceptLinTao.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zShesaidtome,"Yesterdaymorningshecameintoclassasusual."Shetoldmethatshewentintoclassasusual .Heasked,"Hashehadanythingthismorning?"Heaskedmeifhehadanything .Heasked,"Areyouabletocometomorrowmorning."HeaskedifIwasabletogo .Heaskedme,"Whatareyoudoingtonight?"HeaskedmewhatIwasdoing ."We'vebeeninChinaforovertwoyearsnow,"shesaidtome.ShetoldmethattheyhadbeeninChinaforovertwoyears .Hesaid,"Iborrowedabookfromthelibrarytwoyearsago."Hesaidthathehadborrowedabookfromthelibrary .Hesaid,"Imethimthedaybeforeyesterday."Hesaidthathehadmethim___.Shesaid,"We'llstartourtermthedayaftertomorrow."