英语一轮复习必修三unit4

Unit4 Astronomy：the

science

ofthe

stars——天文学：恒星科学本节目录基础盘点自测自评考点串讲讲练互动基础盘点自测自评[核心单词]n．天文学1．2．3．n．系统;体系;制度

n．学说;理论adj.基本的;基础的adv.因此;于是5．6．7．n．原子astronomysystemtheory4．

atmosphere

n．大气层;气氛fundamentalthusatom9．

vi.&

vt.碰撞;坠落10．11．12．13．14．n．&

vt.拉(力);拖;牵引力vi.&

vt.(使)浮动;(使)漂浮n．漂浮物

n．万有引力;重力n．气候adj.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的→violence

n．暴力→violently

adv.暴力地;猛烈地15．

(prep.)不同;不像→like

vt.喜欢prep.相像→likely

adj.可能的16．

(adj.)有害的→harm

n．&

v．伤害→harmless

adj.无害的8．

gentle

adj.温和的;文雅的crashpullfloatgravityclimateviolentunlikeharmful17．vi.存在;生存→existence

n．存在;生存n．谜;难题vt.&

vi.(使)迷惑;(使)为难→puzzled

adj.迷惑的→puzzling

adj.令人迷惑的exist18．

puzzle1．2．3．4．6．7．8．9．10．[高频短语]及时，终于下蛋产生；分娩轮到某人；接着阻止；制止挡住(光线)感到高兴；感到振奋既然突发；爆发密切注视；当心；提防in

timelay

eggsgive

birth

toin

one’s

turn5．

prevent...fromblock

outcheer

upnow

thatbreak

outwatch

out[典型句式]now

that既然,由于“Oh,dear,”

I

cried,“walking

does

need

a

bit

of

practice now

that

gravity

has

changed.”

“天哪,”我大声说,“引力改变了,走路也的确需要练一练了。”make

it

possible使……成为可能This

produced

a

chain

reaction,

which

made

it

possiblefor

life

to

develop.这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命就有可能开始发展了。So比较级前的倍数表达But

when

I

tried

to

step

forward,I

found

I

was

carried twice

as

far

as

on

the

earth

and

fell

over.但是当我努力向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。whether引导的主语从句whether

life

will

continueon

the

earth

for

millions

ofyears

to

come

will

depend

onwhether

this

problem

can

be

solved

.所以,在未来的数百万年中,生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。5．现在分词表示“结果”As

a

result

of

this

event,a

great

dust

cloud

formed

in

thesky blocking

out

the

sunlight

.由于这件事,在天空中形成一大团尘埃遮住了阳光。考点串讲讲练互动[单词精研]1.

exist

vi.存在,生存(教材P26)They

laid

eggs

too

and

existed

on

the

earth

formore

than

140

million

years.它们也生蛋,在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。③(2011·高考大纲全国卷·阅读理解A)There

existed

a

close

relationship

between

families

andtheir

milkmen.④No

one

knows

how

this

world

came

into

existence/

being.各家各户和他们的送奶人之间存在一种亲密的关系。没有人知道这个世界是怎样形成的。2.

harmful

adj.有害的;伤害的(2012·高考浙江卷·阅读理解A)Some

researchers

foundthat

rising

temperatures

are

having

harmful

effects

on

at

least

five

species

of

rabbit

in

the

US.一些研究者发现升高的温度对生活在美国的至少五种兔子有不好的影响。②He

has

got

into

the

bad

habit

of

reading

in

bed,

whichis

harmful

to

/

does

harm

to

his

eyesight.③As

far

as

I’m

concerned,

there

is

no

harm

in

making

anapology

to

him

first.他已养成一个在床上看书的坏习惯,这习惯有害于他的视力。就我个人而言,先向他道歉没有什么坏处。3.

puzzle

vt.&vi.(使)迷惑;(使)为难;(使)窘困;感到迷惑

n．(游戏的)猜谜;难题;谜(2012·高考江西卷·阅读理解A)But

his

curiosity

was

difficult

to

control

and

this

newcomputer

really

puzzled

him.但是他难以抑制自己的好奇心,并且这台新电脑确实让他很迷惑。①It

puzzles

scientists

how

these

creatures

can

survive

insuch

severe

conditions.②Her

puzzled

look

on

her

face

suggested

she

didn’tunderstand

what

I

said.这些生物是如何在这样艰难的条件下存活的,这使科学家很疑惑。她脸上迷惑的表情表明她不明白我说的话。4.

pull

n.&

vt.

拉(力);拖;牵引力(牛津P1604)The

police

car

signalled

to

us

to

pull

in.警车发出信号,要我们驶向路边停靠。归纳拓展pull

down

拆毁；摧毁pull

in

(车辆)进站停靠；靠边停靠pull

out

驶出；退出pull

through

康复；痊愈助记[短语精释]1.

in

time

及时;终于,总有一天(2012·高考江苏卷)—Thank

God

you’re

safe!—I

stepped

back,

just

in

time

to

avoid

the

racing

car.——谢天谢地,你安全了！——我向后退了一步,正好及时避过了赛车。①No

matter

how

much

you

feel

the

pull

of

the

past,

makea

determined

effort

to

look

to

the

future.②It’s

going

to

be

tough

but

we’ll

pull

through

it

together.③They

are

pulling

down

those

houses

to

make

room

foranew

hotel.不管对过去有多么留恋,你也要下定决心往前看。这件事会很棘手,但我们将协办把它完成。

为了给新旅馆腾地,他们正在拆除那些房屋。归纳拓展on

time

准时;按时in

no

time

立即;马上at

a

time

一次;每次at

one

time

曾经;一度at

times

有时ahead

of

time

提前take

one’s

time

别着急;慢慢来[句型精析]1.

(教材P26)

This

produced

a

chain

reaction,

which

made

itpossible

for

life

to

develop.这就形成一个连锁反应，使生命发展成为可能。[句法分析]for

life

to本句中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式短语develop。it作形式宾语还可以代替动名词或从句。①I

find

it

strange

that

she

doesn’t

want

to

go.她居然不想去，我觉得奇怪。②We

all

consider

it

a

pity

that

you

didn’t

come

to

the

party.我们都认为你没有来参加聚会很遗憾。③You

may

depend

on

it

that

we’re

honest.你可以相信我们是诚实的。④I

hate

it

when

people

speak

with

their

mouths

full.我不喜欢人们说话时嘴里有满满的东西。①When

it

is

in

my

turn,

I

am

too

excited

to

speak.当轮到我时,我激动得都说不出话来了。②Theory

is

based

on

practice

and

in

turn

servespractice.理论的基础是实践,反过来理论又为实践服务。③You

can’t

all

do

it

together;

you’ll

have

to

take

turns.你们不能全体一齐上;你们得轮流做。④Now

it

is

your

turn

to

look

after

the

children.现在轮到你照看孩子了。①(2011·高考陕西卷)The

new

stad