新标准大学英语综合教程(第二版)UNIT7B篇练习答案+课文翻译省名师优质课获奖课件市赛课一等奖课件

第1页ContentsActiveReading2第2页WarmingUpWatch

avideoclipandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.WherearetheJewsmovedto?2.WhatarethosechildrenshoutingattheJews?Why?第3页WarmingUp1.WherearetheJewsmovedto?

Theyareforcedfromtheirhomesandrequiredtocrowdintoanareaofonly16squareblocksinaclosedJewishdistrictsouthoftheVistulaRiver.2.WhatarethosechildrenshoutingattheJews?Why?

Goodbye,Jews!ThosechildrenhavebeenseriouslycontaminatedbyNazism.第4页TextThestoryofAnneFrank’sdiary第5页ThestoryofAnneFrank’sdiary1

On13June1944,AnneFrankcelebratedher15thbirthdaywithafewmodestpresents,includingsomeunderwear,acoupleofbelts,someyoghurt,andapotofjam.Afterseveralyearsinhiding,shewasgratefulforthegifts,butawarethatlifeduringthewarwasverydifferenttopeacetime,whichshemissed.2

AnneFrankwrotehernowfamousdiarywhilesheandherfamilywereinhidingin“thesecretannexe”,afewroomsinthebackofherfather’sofficeinAmsterdam,Holland.Text第6页3

TheFrankswereinfactrefugees,JewsfromGermanywhohademigratedtoHolland,settlinginAmsterdamtoescapefromNazipersecution.Butwhen,inMay1940theGermanarmyinvadedandoccupiedHolland,thepersecutionoftheDutchJewsveryquicklybegantheretoo.4

LikeallJews,AnneandhersisterMargotwereforbiddentoattendschool,toridetheirbikes,eventotravelinacar.Theywereonlyallowedtogointocertainshops,andatalltimestheyhadtowearayellowstarontheirclothingtoshowtheywereJewish.ThestarofDavid,animportantreligioussymbol,wastransformedintoabadgeofshamebytheNazis.Text第7页5

By1941,theNaziswerearrestinglargenumbersofJewishpeople,andsendingthemtolabourcampswhichquicklybecamedeathcamps.OttoFrank,Anne’sfather,decidedtoconcealhisfamily,andthefamilyofhisbusinesspartner.6

TheFrankswentintohidingon6July1942,justafewweeksafterAnnestartedherdiary,andwerejoinedbythesecondfamily,theVanPelsaweeklater.Forthenexttwoyears,eightpeoplewereconfinedtojustsixsmallroomsandcouldnevergooutside.Therewasrarelyenoughtoeat,andthefamilieslivedinastateofpoverty.Text第8页7

Throughouthertimeinhiding,Annecontinuedtowriteherdiary.Shedescribedtheday-to-dayactivityintheannexebutshealsowroteaboutherdreamsandaspirations.Itwasveryhardforhertoplanforafuture;sheandtheotherscouldn’timaginewhatitmusthavebeenlikefortheJewswhohadbeencaught.Text第9页8

ManyofherJewishfriendshadbeentakenawayindrovesbytheGestapo,whotookthemtoatransitcampabout150kilometresawayintheNetherlandsbeforebeingtransportedtoconcentrationcamps.AnneandherfamilyhadheardontheEnglishradiobroadcaststhattheywerethenkilledinthegaschambers.9

Despitebeinganordinaryteenagerinmanyways,curious,self-criticalandmoody,Annewasalsoanhonestwriterofconsiderabletalentwhofoughtfortherighttoliveandthisiswhatgivesthediarysuchpower.Text第10页10

Anne’sdiaryshowsherthoughtsandremarkable

insightsatthe

time.Shewasconcernedthatshemighthavetoabandonherideals,becausetheyseemedabsurdandimpractical.Butsheremaineddeterminedtoclingtothembecauseshebelievedpeoplewerefundamentallygood.Sheunderstoodthatitwasutterlyimpossibletobuildherlifeonafoundationofsuffering,chaosanddeath,andfearedwhatwouldhappentoher.Shesawthesufferingofmillionsintheworldwouldturnitintoawilderness.Butsheupheldherhopeandbeliefthatahappyoutcomewouldendthecrueltyand

bringbackpeaceandtranquillity.Text第11页11

Annewasnotdisplayingsimplechildish

optimism.Itwasmorea

declarationofherprinciplesandoftherighttohumandignity.Thevoicethatcomesacrossisofasolitaryyounggirlwritingforherself,yetatthesametimeitisthecryofallthoseinnocentvictimsofevilwhosefatewastosufferintheSecondWorldWar.ThatiswhyAnneFrank’sdiaryhasachievedfameasthevoiceoftheHolocaustinwhich

sixmillionJewsweremurdered:Shespeaksforallofhumanity.Text第12页12

InAugust1944,thehidingplacewasstormed,andNaziofficers

arrestedeveryone.Theyweretakentoatransitcampandforcedtodohardlabour.FromtheretheyweretakenbytraintoaconcentrationcampatAuschwitz.Amonthlater,AnneandMargotweremovedtoBergen-BelsencampinGermany.Theybothdiedof

typhusandstarvationinMarch1945.AnneFrankwas15,hersisterwas19.Outoftheeightpeopleinhiding,OttoFrankwastheonly

survivor,andwhenhefoundhisdaughter’sdiaryafterthewar,he

arrangedforitspublication

inrecognitionofhercourage.Text第13页13

WhenAnnewroteinherdiary“Ihopethatyouwillbeagreat

supportandcomforttome”,shecouldn’thaveknownthather

writingwouldalsobeasupportandcomforttothewholeworldafterherdeath.Shewouldneverknowwhatitmustbeliketowriteoneofthegreatestanti-warbooksever.Perhapsthedaywillcome

whenherdiarywillstopwarsbreakingoutinthefirstplace.Text■第14页Text安妮·弗兰克日志故事1

1944年6月13日,安妮·弗兰克度过了她15岁生日。她收到了不少礼品：几件内衣、两根腰带、一些酸奶和一罐果酱。在藏身了几年之后，她对于收到这些礼品非常感激，但她心里明白现在战争时期与她想念和平时期十分不一样。2

安妮·弗兰克写下了她现已知名日志，当初她和她家人躲在“秘室”里，那是她父亲在荷兰阿姆斯特丹办公室后面几间屋子。第15页Text3

弗兰克一家实际上是难民，是从德国移民到荷兰犹太人，定居在阿姆斯特丹以逃避纳粹迫害。不过在1940年5月，当德国军队入侵并占领了荷兰之后，对荷兰犹太人迫害也很快就开始了。4

像全部犹太人一样，安妮和姐姐玛戈被禁止上学、骑自行车、甚至坐汽车。德军只允许他们进一些店铺，任何时候都要在衣服上戴着一颗黄星以表明他们是犹太人。大卫王之星，一个主要宗教象征，被纳粹变成了一个耻辱标志。第16页Text5

到1941年，纳粹开始大量逮捕犹太人，把他们送往劳改集中营，那里很快就变成了死亡集中营。安妮父亲奥托·弗兰克决定把家人和生意搭档家人藏起来。61942年7月6日，就在安妮开始写日志数周后，弗兰克一家躲了起来；一周后，范·佩尔一家人也加入进来。在其后两年里，八个人就关在六个小房间里，绝不能外出。两家人生活在贫困状态之中，连足够食物都没有。第17页Text7

在躲藏日子里，安妮一直坚持写日志。她逐日叙述“秘室”里日常活动，也记述自己梦想和憧憬。她极难构想未来；她和他人都无法想象，犹太人被抓住会有什么下场。第18页Text8

她许多犹太朋友都被盖世太保成群地带走了，先是被运输到150公里以外荷兰暂时难民营，然后被遣送到集中营。安妮和她家人经过英国广播得知这些人在毒气室里被熏死。9

尽管安妮在许多方面都是个普通十几岁少女，好奇、自我批评而且喜怒无常，但她还是个相当有天赋老实作者，为生存权利而斗争着。正是这一点赋予了她日志如此强大力量。第19页Text10

安妮日志展示了她当初想法和卓越洞察力。她担心她可能会被迫放弃理想，因为它们显得那么荒谬和不切实际。不过她依然紧紧抓着它们，因为她相信，从根本上来说人是善良。她明白完全不可能把生活建立在苦难、混乱和死亡基础上，更害怕未来将要发生在自己身上事情。她看到世界上数百万人所受苦难正把这个世界变成荒野。不过她依然怀抱希望和信念：残酷现实终将迎来一个美好结果，和平和安宁终将再度回归。第20页Text11安妮写这些话，并非在展示简单幼稚乐观主义。那是她信念和人类尊严权利宣言。它传来是一个孤独少女声音，她为自己写作，但同时也是全部没有辜受邪恶迫害者呐喊，他们命运就是在第二次世界大战期间遭受苦难。这就是安妮·弗兰克日志被誉为犹太人大屠杀（其间有六百万犹太人被杀害）之声原因：她话代表了全人类心声。第21页Text12

1944年8月，他们藏身处遭到突袭，纳粹官员逮捕了每一个人。他们被带往一个过渡性集中营，被迫做苦工。从那里，他们又被火车送往奥斯威辛一个集中营。一个月后，安妮和玛戈被转移到德国贝尔根－贝尔森集中营。她们两个均于1945年3月死于斑疹伤寒和饥饿。安妮·弗兰克时年15岁；她姐姐19岁。在躲藏八个人中，奥托·弗兰克是唯一幸存者。他在战后发觉了女儿日志，设法出版了它，以表彰她勇气。第22页Text13

当安妮在日志中写下“我希望你对我会是极大支持和抚慰”这句话时，她不可能知道，在她死后，她文字也会是对全世界支持和抚慰。她永远也无法知道写出一本伟大反战作品是什么样子。可能未来有一天，她日志会从根本上阻止战争暴发。第23页underwearpeacetimeannexerefugeeemigratedrovetransittransitcampchambergaschamberabsurdimpracticalutterlyfoundationwildernessJewishbadgeconcealconfinerarelymoodyconsiderableremarkableinsightidealupholdcrueltytranquillitydisplaychildishWords&Phrases第24页optimismdeclarationsolitaryevil

holocausttyphusstarvationsurvivorpublicationrecognitionWords&Phrasesatalltimesindrovescomeacrossinrecognitionof第25页AnneFrank安妮·弗兰克（人名）Amsterdam阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都）Margot玛戈（人名）OttoFrank奥托·弗兰克（人名）theVanPels范·佩尔一家Gestapo盖世太保Auschwitz奥斯威辛集中营Bergen-Belsen贝尔根－贝尔森Words&Phrases第26页underwear

n.[U]clothingthatyouwearnexttoyourskinunderyourotherclothes内衣e.g.1.Youjustneedtotakeachangeofunderwear.你只需带一套换洗内衣。2.Theyleftofftheirwoollenunderwearwhentheweathergotwarm.天气转暖时候，他们不再穿羊毛内衣。Words&Phrases第27页peacetime

n.[U]thetimewhenacountryisnotinvolvedinawar太平时期；和平时期e.g.1.TheBritishcouldaffordtoreducedefencespendinginpeacetimewithoutexcessiverisk.英国能够在和平时期降低国防开支，而不会引来太大风险。2.Millionsmorehaveservedinpeacetimetomaintainthecountry’smilitarystrength.另有数以百计人在和平时期服役，使国家军力得以维持。Words&Phrases第28页annexe

n.[C]abuildingthatisaddedtoalargerbuildingorbuiltnexttoit添加建筑物；从属建筑物e.g.

1.Theteamwereallocatedroominthehotelannexe.队员们被分配到饭店辅楼下榻。2.She’sbeensentofftoanofficeintheannexe.她已调到副楼办公室去了。Words&Phrases第29页refugee

n.[C]sb.wholeavestheircountry,especiallyduringawarorotherthreateningevent

（尤指战争中）难民，避难者e.g.1.Refugeeswerestreamingacrosstheborder.难民川流不息地涌过边境。2.Overcrowdingandpoorsanitaryconditionsledtodiseaseintherefugeecamps.过分拥挤和恶劣卫生情况造成难民营中出现疾病。Wordfamily:refuge

v.&n.e.g.Residentstookrefugefromthebombinginthelocalchurch.

居民们在当地教堂躲避轰炸。Words&Phrases第30页emigrate

vi.

(~

to)toleaveyourcountryinordertoliveinanothercountry移居外国e.g.1.SheemigratedtoAustraliaasayoungman.她年轻时就移居澳大利亚。2.Inthepresentdifficultconditions,manypeopleareemigratingfromBritain.在当前困难时期，很多人正离开英国，移居国外。Wordfamily:emigration

n.

Antonym:

immigratev.移居入境Words&Phrases第31页Jewish

a.

relatingtoJews,theirculture,ortheirreligion犹太人；犹太文化；犹太教e.g.1.SlowlyJewishcommunitieswerereconstitutedandJewishlifebegananew.渐渐地，犹太小区得到重建，犹太人生活重新开始。2.In1947,theUnitedNationsvotedtopartitionthelandintoaJewishstateandanArabstate.1947年，联合国投票把这片土地划分给一个犹太国家和一个阿拉伯国家。Wordfamily:Jew

n.Words&Phrases第32页badge

n.[C](BrE)asmallroundobjectthatfastensontoyourclotheswithapinandusuallyhasapictureorwritingonit圆形小徽章e.g.1.Everystudentshouldcarryaschoolbadge.每个学生都应该佩带校徽。2.Sheglancedbrieflyathislapelbadge.她扫了一眼他翻领上徽章。Words&Phrases第33页conceal

vt.

(fml)1.tohidesth.sothatitcannotbefound藏；隐藏e.g.

1.Customsofficersfoundthecannabisconcealedinsidethecase.海关官员发觉了藏在手提箱里大麻。2.Fivepeoplewerearrestedforcarryingconcealedweapons.五人因身上藏有武器被捕。3.Heconcealedthekeyinsidehistie.他把钥匙藏在领带里面。Words&Phrases第34页2.tonottellsb.aboutsth.,especiallybecauseyouareashamedofitorworriedaboutit隐瞒e.g.1.Tomalmoststammered,hardlyabletoconcealhisamazementandtryingtoactcasual.汤姆几乎结巴了，他难以掩饰自己诧异，尽力装得满不在意。2.CareerexpertssaythatoneofthewaysjobseekerscanstaysafewhileusingtheInternettosearchoutjobsistoconcealtheiridentities.(CET4--06)职业教授说，求职者经过因特网找工作时，比较保险一个做法是要隐瞒自己真实身份。Words&Phrases第35页confine

vt.1.

(alwayspassive)ifsth.isconfinedtooneareaorgroupofpeople,ithappensonlyinthatareaoraffectsonlythatgroupofpeople使局限于e.g.1.Theriskofinfectionisconfinedtorelativelysmallgroups.感染危险只局限于较小人群。2.Before1914divorcewaslargelyconfinedtotheupperclasses.1914年以前，离婚大部分局限于上等阶层。Words&Phrases第36页2.tokeepanactivitywithinparticularlimits限制e.g.1.Hedoesnotconfinehismessagetohighpolitics.他讲话并不但仅局限于偏激政治看法。2.Weconfinedourstudyto10cases.我们把研究限定在十个案例之内。

3.tomakesb.stayinaplacebecausetheyaretooill,weak,ordisabledtoleave使不外出

e.g.Hehadbeenconfinedtoawheelchairforsometime.

他被困在轮椅上已经有一段时间了。Words&Phrases第37页rarely

ad.

notoften不经常；极少e.g.1.Whentheseanimalsaretired,theybuildnestsinthetrees.Buttheyrarelysleepthereformorethananightortwo.Thentheymoveontolookformorefood.(CET4--12)当这些动物疲惫时，它们会在树上筑巢，但极少住上超出一晚。他们要继续前行寻找更多食物。2.Aspoiltchildisrarelypopularwithotherchildren.被宠坏孩子极难得到其它孩子喜爱。Wordfamily:rare

a.Words&Phrases第38页drove

n.[C](~s)largenumbersofpeople人群e.g.1.Theycomeindrovestoseethenaturalwonder.他们一群群地来参观这一自然奇迹。2.Scientistsareleavingthecountryindroves.科学家们正成批地离开这个国家。Seealso:indrovesWords&Phrases第39页transit

n.[U]theactivityorprocessofmovingsth.orsb.fromoneplacetoanother搬运；运输；运输e.g.1.Duringtheirtalks,thetwopresidentsdiscussedthetransitofgoodsbetweenthetwocountries.会谈中，两位总统讨论了两国间货物运输问题。2.Wecannotbeheldresponsibleforgoodslostintransit.我们不能对运输中丢失货物负责。Seealso:transitcampWords&Phrases第40页transitcampn.[C]aplacewhererefugeesstaybeforemovingtosomewheremorepermanent

（难民暂居）宿营地；暂时难民营e.g.TherefugeetransitcampontheoutskirtsisaformerCatholicboardingschoolthathadbeenabandoned.

位于郊区暂时难民营是一个被废弃天主教寄宿学校。Words&Phrases第41页chamber

n.[C]aroomusedforaparticularpurpose（有某种用途）室e.g.1.Formany,thedentist’ssurgeryremainsatorturechamber.对许多人来说，牙医治疗室一直等同于受刑室。2.Herewasthesplendiddining-chamber,wherethewealthyate.这就是那个华丽无比餐厅，是有钱人吃饭地方。Seealso:gaschamberWords&Phrases第42页gaschamber

n.[C]alargeroominwhichpeopleoranimalsarekilledwithpoisonousgas（用毒气杀害人或动物）毒气室e.g.Onthewayback,Ifoundasmallhouseoppositearestaurantthathadasignonitindicatingthatithadbeenagaschamber.在回来途中，我发觉在一家饭店对面一所小房子上有个标牌，写着那曾经是毒气室。Words&PhrasesOneoftheformerNazigaschambers第43页moody

a.

likelytobecomeunhappyorangryfornoparticularreason情绪多变；喜怒无常e.g.1.David’smotherwasunstableandmoody.戴维妈妈情况不稳定，而且喜怒无常。2.Rayisacomplicated,moodymanbehindthejokingfront.雷是一个表面上嘻嘻哈哈，但内心复杂且情绪多变人。3.Itisdifficulttopredicthisreactionbecauseheissomoody.他心情阴晴不定，所以极难预知其反应。Wordfamily:mood

n.Words&Phrases第44页considerable

a.

largeinsize,amount,ordegree相当大；相当多e.g.1.We’vespentaconsiderableamountofmoney.我们花了相当大一笔钱。2.MichaelhasalreadyspentconsiderabletimeinParis.迈克尔在巴黎呆了相当长时间。3.Whatimpressedmehasbeenhisconsiderablefirmnessofpurpose.令我印象深刻是他对目标坚定不移。Words&Phrases第45页remarkable

a.

unusualinawaythatsurprisesorimpressesyou值得注意；显著；非凡e.g.1.It’smorethanhisphysicalstaturethatmakeshimremarkable.他与众不一样之处不光是他外形。2.Thesimilaritiesbetweenthemuch-lovedfatherandhissonareremarkable.这位深受爱戴父亲和他儿子之间相同之处一目了然。3.UNhadmaderemarkableprogressindemilitarizingtheregion.联合国在促使该地域非军事化进程中已经取得了显著进展。Words&Phrases第46页insight

n.1.[C,U]achancetounderstandsth.orlearnmoreaboutit洞悉；深入了解；看法e.g.1.Hisautobiographyprovidesaninsightintohismind.他自传能够让读者洞察他精神世界。2.Attachingradiodevicestowhalesisdifficult,andvisualsightingsaretoounreliabletogiverealinsightintotheirbehaviour.(CET4--06)极难给鲸鱼连接上雷达装置，而且光靠肉眼也难以真实了解它们行为。3.Hegothisfirstinsightintohowinhumaneemployerscouldbe.他第一次对雇主冷酷无情有了深刻认识。Words&Phrases第47页2.[U]theabilitytonoticeandunderstandalotaboutpeopleorsituations洞察力；领悟力e.g.1.Hehadtheinsighttorecognizetheirtalents.他有慧眼识英才本事。2.Hewasamanofforcefulcharacter,withconsiderableinsightanddiplomaticskills.他是一个性格坚定人，有敏锐洞察力和高明外交伎俩。Words&Phrases第48页ideal

1.n.[C](oftenpl)anideaaboutwhatisgoodandright,thatyoutrytofollowinyourlifeandbehaviour理想e.g.1.Therealityofmotheringisfrequentlyverydifferentfromtheromanticideal.育儿现实经常与浪漫理想大相径庭。2.Hefelthimselfsopowerfullyattractedtothescientificideal.他感到自己被这一科学理想深深地吸引了。Words&Phrases第49页2.a.ofthebestormostsuitabletype理想；最适宜e.g.Theideallecturerisonewhohasaninterestingteachingstyle,adiverseacademicbackground,andagoodreputationamongstudents.(CET4--06)理想讲课人应该是教学方法有趣、学术背景丰富且在学生心中口碑良好人。3.a.[ONLYBEFORENOUN]asgoodasyoucanimagine,andprobablytoogoodtobereal理想化；完美e.g.

Inan

ideal

world,therewouldbenosuchthingasrubbish.在一个理想世界中，不会有垃圾之类东西。Wordfamily:idealism

n.

理想主义

idealist

n.

理想主义者Words&Phrases第50页absurd

a.

completelystupid,unreasonable,orimpossibletobelieve荒谬；荒谬e.g.1.Itseemsquiteabsurdtoexpectanyonetodrivefor3hoursjustfora20minutemeeting.要大家开3小时车只为参加一个20分钟会议，似乎很荒谬。2.Someofthestorieshetellsareabsurd.他说有些故事荒诞不经。Words&Phrases第51页impractical

a.

notsensibleornotlikelytobeeffectiveorsuccessful空想；不切实际；不现实e.g.1.Theroadtollschemewasdismissedasimpractical.

公路收费计划因为不切实际被搁浅。2.Jameswasafoolishman,fullofimpracticalplans.

詹姆斯是个愚蠢人，满脑子都是不切实际想法。Wordfamily:impractically

ad.

Words&Phrases第52页utterly

ad.completely:oftenusedforemphasizinghowbadsb.orsth.is完全地，十足地（惯用于强调某人或某事有多坏）e.g.1.Youlookutterlymiserable.

你看起来很痛苦。2.Iamutterlypuzzledwhattodowithit.我全然不知道该怎样处置它。Wordfamily:utter

a.e.g.It’sallbeenanutterwasteoftime.

这完全是浪费时间。Words&Phrases第53页foundation

n.[C]themostbasicpartofsth.fromwhichtherestofitdevelops基础e.g.1.Alltheoriesshouldbebuiltonafoundationoffactualknowledge.一切理论都应该建立在事实基础上。2.Thecoursegivesstudentsasolidfoundationinthebasicsofcomputing.这门课程可为学生计算机知识打下坚实基础。3.Obediencetrainingdoesn’tsolveallbehaviourproblemsofdogs,butitisthefoundationforsolvingjustaboutanyproblem.

(CET4--06)听话训练虽不能处理狗全部行为问题，但它是处理几乎全部问题基础。Words&Phrases第54页wilderness

n.[C]anareaoflandwherepeopledonotliveorgrowcropsandwheretherearenobuildings荒野；原野；荒无人烟地方e.g.1.Thehuntingcabinisfaroutinthewilderness.那座狩猎小屋在荒野深处。2.Theytransformedthewildernessintoagarden.他们把荒地变成了花园。Wordfamily:wild

a.Words&Phrases第55页uphold

vt.(fml)toshowthatyousupportsth.suchasanideabywhatyousayordo支持；拥护；维护e.g.1.Franklyspeaking,Icannotupholdsuchconduct.坦率地说，我不能支持那样行为。2.EverycitizenshouldupholdtheConstitution.每个公民都应该维护宪法。3.It’suptothegovernmenttoupholdtherightsofindividualcitizens.政府有责任维护各个公民权利。Words&Phrases第56页cruelty

n.[C,U]behaviourthatdeliberatelycausespaintootherpeopleoranimals,ormakesthemunhappyorupset残忍；残酷；暴行；虐待e.g.1.Thechildrenhadsufferedcrueltyandneglect.

这些孩子遭受虐待，没人照管。2.TherewasahintofcrueltyinBrian’ssmile.布莱恩微笑里流露出一丝残忍。Wordfamily:cruel

a.

Words&Phrases第57页tranquillity

n.[U]thestateofbeingcalm,still,andquiet平静；宁静；平静e.g.1.SuchtranquillityonlyexistshereonEnchantedIsland.这么平静景象只能存在于这儿——魔幻岛。2.Itsymbolizesthetranquillity,theyouth,thenature.它象征着宁静、青春、自然。Wordfamily:tranquil

a.

e.g.Theplacewastranquilandappealing.那个地方恬静有趣。Words&Phrases第58页display

vt.

toshowafeeling,quality,orattitudebythewayyoubehave展示；显露；表现e.g.1.Shedisplayednoemotiononthewitnessstand.她在证人席上面无表情。2.Hehasdisplayedremarkablecourageinhiseffortstoreformtheparty.在政党改革中，他表现出了非凡勇气。3.Manyanimalsdisplaymaternalinstinctsonlywhiletheiroffspringareyoungandhelpless.许多动物在其幼崽弱小无助时都显出了母性本能。Words&Phrases第59页childish

a.

1.typicalofachildorofthethingschildrendo孩子；孩子般；适合孩子e.g.Thelittlegirlspokeinahighchildishvoice.这个小女孩用尖尖童声讲话。2.behavinginasillyandannoyingway,likeasmallchild（行为）幼稚；不理智e.g.Youwouldbelaughedoutofcourtwithsuchachildishquestion.你提出这么幼稚问题，会被人一笑置之。Words&Phrases第60页optimism

n.[U]atendencytobehopefulandtoexpectthatgoodthingswillprobablyhappen乐观；乐观主义e.g.1.Intheinterviewhegavesomegroundsforoptimism.他接收采访时阐述了持乐观态度理由。2.Everydayofsunshinestrengthensthefeelingsofoptimism.天天晒太阳让人心情愈加开朗。Wordfamily:optimistica.Antonym:pessimismWords&Phrases第61页declaration

n.[C,U]anofficialannouncementthatsth.ishappening宣言；公告；宣告e.g.1.Theyissuedadeclarationatthecloseofthemeeting.

他们在会谈结束时发表了申明。2.Thegovernmentwillissueaformaldeclarationtomorrow.政府将于明天公布正式申明。3.Weconsideritadeclarationofwar.

我们把它看成是一个宣战。Wordfamily:declare

v.

Words&Phrases第62页solitary

a.doneorexperiencedbysb.whoisalone单独；独自e.g.1.Iamratherfondofasolitarystrollinthecountry.我很喜欢在乡间独自漫步。2.Hiseveningswerespentin

solitary

drinking.他晚上时间都是靠独自喝闷酒打发。Words&Phrases第63页evil

1.n.[U]apowerthatmakespeopledoverybadandcruelthings邪恶；罪恶e.g.1.Wearestillbeingattackedbytheforcesofevil.我们仍在遭受邪恶力量攻击。2.Theuseoflightanddarksymbolizesgoodand

evil.

用光明与黑暗来象征善与恶。2.a.

anevilpersondoesverybadorcruelthings

（人）凶恶，邪恶e.g.Thoseevilmenmetwithaterriblefate.那些坏人都罪有应得。Words&Phrases第64页holocaust(theHolocaust)theorganizedkillingofmillionsofJewsandotherpeoplebytheGermanNazigovernmentduringtheSecondWorldWar（第二次世界大战期间德国纳粹政府对几百万犹太人及其它人有组织）大屠杀

TheHolocaustreferstothekillingofmillionsofJewsbytheNazisinthe1930sand1940s.ThepersecutionofJewsstartedwithrestrictionsonshopsandpublictransport;in1935lawswerepassedinwhichJewslosttheirGermancitizenshipandmarriagebetweenJewsandnon-Jewswasforbidden;from1942onwardstherewasaplantokillJewssystematicallyanderadicatetheentireJewishpopulation:Thousandsweresentdailytoconcentrationcampswheretheywerekilledwithpoisongasingaschambers,andtheirbodiesWords&Phrases第65页Words&Phraseswerecrematedorburiedinmassgraves;othersdiedinmassshootingsorfromstarvationandtorture.Themajorityofprisonersbroughttothesecampswerenotexpectedtoliveformorethanafewhours.InAuschwitz-Birkenau,acomplexofcampsinGerman-occupiedPoland,1.1millionwerekilled.AttheBergen-Belsencamp,Anneandhersisterwereamongthe35,000whodiedoftyphusandstarvationinearly1945.e.g.1.Itisunthinkablethatweshallallowanuclearholocausttooccur.我们若让核武器大屠杀惨剧发生，一切不堪构想。2.OntheHolocaust,thehistoricalrecordiscomplicated.关于大屠杀，

历史统计错综复杂。第66页typhus

n.[U]aseriousdiseasethatisspreadbysomesmallinsects斑疹伤寒e.g.1.

Howdodoctorspreventthespreadoftyphus?

医生怎样预防斑疹伤寒传输呢？

2.Thehospitalwardswerefumigatedaftertheoutbreakoftyphus.

发觉斑疹伤寒后，医院病房进行了烟熏消毒。Words&Phrases第67页starvation

n.[U]asituationinwhichpeopleandanimalssufferordiebecausetheydonothaveenoughtoeat饥饿；饿死e.g.1.Anestimatedsevenmillionpeopleareatriskofstarvation.预计有700万人面临着饿死危险。2.Iwassufferingfromacutesunstroke,starvationandexhaustion.我严重中暑，又饿又累。Wordfamily:starve

v.e.g.

Manyfamilieswerestarvingbecauseofthecivilwarinthatcounty.(CET4--06)

该国内战造成许多家庭饿肚子。Words&Phrases第68页survivor

n.[C]sb.orsth.thatstillexistsafteraneventthatcouldhavekilledordestroyedthem（灾难性事故中）幸存者，生还者，幸存物e.g.Emergencyhelpisneededforsurvivorsoftheearthquake.地震幸存者需要紧急援助。Wordfamily:survivev.

surviving

a.

survivaln.e.g.1.Youneedtobetoughtosurviveinthejungle.要在丛林中活下来就要有坚韧不拔意志。2.Thedoctorsaidhehadafifty-fiftychanceofsurvival.医生说他活下去可能性只有50%。Words&Phrases第69页publication

n.[U]theprocessofproducingabook,magazineetc.forpeopletobuy

（书籍杂志等）出版，刊印e.g.1.

HewasinChinaforthepublicationofhisnewbook.

他到中国是为了他新书出版事宜

。2.Thenewspaperhadceasedpublication.报纸已停刊。Wordfamily:publish

v.

Words&Phrases第70页recognition

n.1.[sing,U]praise,respect,oradmiration表彰；表彰；赞誉e.g.1.Atlast,herfather’sworkhasreceivedpopularrecognition.最终，她父亲工作得到了大众认可。2.Heisanoutstandinggoalscorerwhodoesn’tgettherecognitionhedeserves.他是一个出众得分手，但并没有取得应有赞赏。3.Hisrecitalshaveearnedhimrecognitionasatalentedperformer.他独奏会使他赢得了天才演奏家赞誉。Words&Phrases第71页2.[U]theabilitytorecognizeapersonorthing认出；认识；识别e.g.1.Shehopedshewouldavoidrecognitionbywearingdarkglassesandahat.她戴上墨镜和帽子，希望人们认不出她来。2.Thefacilitieshaveimprovedbeyondallrecognition.这些设备经过大幅度改良，都让人认不出来了。Wordfamily:

recognizev.Seealso:inrecognitionofWords&Phrases第72页atalltimes:always一直；随时e.g.1.Childrenmustbesupervisedatalltimeswhileinthepark.孩子们在公园里必须时刻有些人监护。2.Parentsarewelcomeatalltimes.随时欢迎家长们光临。3.Theroomwaskeptreadyandwaitingforthematalltimes.房间已收拾妥当随时迎接他们到来。Words&Phrases第73页indroves:inlargenumbers成群结队地e.g.1.Peoplewereleavingthecountrysideindrovestolookforworkinthecities.一批一批人离开农村到城里找工作。2.Overseasmigrantsandtemporaryworkersarebeinglaidoffindroves.国外移民以及暂时工人被大量辞退。Seealso:droveWords&Phrases第74页comeacross：

1.ifsb.orsth.comesacrossorcomesoverinaparticularway,youhaveaparticularopinionofthemwhenyoumeetthemorseethem给人（某种）印象e.g.1.Hecameacrosstomeasbeingquiteaniceperson.

他在我印象中是一个挺好人。2.He’dalwayscomeacrossasadecentsort.他看上去总是像个正派人。2.tomeetsb.orfindsth.bychance偶然遇见；碰上；偶然发觉e.g.Icameacrossthisbookinanoldbookstore.

我在一家旧书店里偶然发觉了这本书。Words&Phrases第75页inrecognitionof:asapraise,respect,oradmirationof以表彰，以表彰e.g.1.BrazilnormalizeditsdiplomaticrelationswithSouthAfricain

recognition

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