2023年11月CATTI二级笔译真题

202311CATTI英语二级笔译真题及参考译文(2023-11-0820:05:12)转载▼202311CATTI英语二级笔译真题及参考译文ECPassage1You’vetemporarilymisplacedyourcellphoneandanxiouslyretraceyourstepstotrytofindit.Orperhapsyouneverletgoofyourphone—it”salwaysinyourhand,yourpocket,oryourbag,readytobeansweredorconsultedatamoment’snotice.Whenyourbatteryliferunsdownattheendoftheday,youfeelthatyoursisrunninglowaswell.Newresearchshowsthatthere’sapsychologicalreasonforsuchextremephonedependence:Accordingtotheattachmenttheory,forsomeofus,ourphoneservesthesamefunctionastheteddybearweclungtoinchildhood.你有过这种经受吗？手机一时放错了地方，忘了在哪，急赶忙忙返回查找；手机从不离身，总是握在手里，揣在兜里或者放在包里，时刻预备回复消息，查找内容。一成天过去了，一理动因：依据依恋理论，手机简直成了我们大多数人小时候恋恋不舍的泰迪熊。Attachmenttheoryproposesthatourearlylifeexperienceswithparentsresponsibleforourwell-being,areattherootofourconnectionstotheadultswithwhomweformcloserelationships.Importantly,attachmentinearlylifecanextendtoinanimateobjects.Teddybears,forexample,serveas“transitionalobjects.”Theteddybear,unliketheparent,isalwaysthere.Weextendourdependenceonparentstotheseanimals,andusethemtohelpusmovetoanindependentsenseofself.依靠心理延长到毛绒玩具身上，由此建立起自我独立意识。Acellphonehasthepotentialtobea“compensatoryattachment”object.Althoughphonesareoftencastigatedfortheiraddictivepotential,scientistsciteevidencethatsupportstheideathat“healthy,normaladultsalsoreportsignificantemotionalattachmenttospecialobjects”援引了相关证据来支持这样一种观点情感依恋”。Indeed,cellphoneshavebecomeapervasivefeatureofourlives:Thenumberofcellphonesubscriptionsexceedsthetotalpopulationoftheplanet.TheaverageamountofmobileorsmartphoneuseintheU.S.is3.3hoursperday.Phoneshavedistinctadvantages.Theycanbekeptbyyoursideandtheyprovideasocialconnectiontothepeopleyoucareabout.Evenifyou’renottalkingtoyourfriends,lover,orfamily,youcankeeptheirphotoscloseby,readtheirmessages,andfollowthemonsocialmedia.Youcantracktheminrealtimebutalsolookbackonmemorablemomentstogether.Thesechannelshelpyou“feellessalone”.使用移动或智能手机的时间为3.3小时。手机的优点显而易见：可以随身携带，还能便利与自己关心的人保持联系。就算无法与朋友、恋人、家人直接通话，至少手机里的照片、短信能让你觉得他们近在咫尺还能回忆过去与之相处的难忘瞬间。全部这些，都足以让你“不那么孤独”。ECPassage2Manycountrieshaveadoptedtheprincipleofsustainabledevelopmentitcancombatenvironmentdeteriorationinairquality,waterqualityandproductionindevelopingcountries.Healtheducationservesasaviableroleforeverymemberintheworld.Butsomearguethatit”savagueidea,someorganizationsmayuseitinitsowninterests,whetherenvironmentaloreconomicisthenatureofinterests.Othersarguethatsustainabledevelopmentindevelopingcountriesoverlookthelocalcustoms,habitudeandpeople.负面效应于不顾。还有人认为，进展中国家在实施可持续进展战略过程中，时常无视民风、民俗和民生问题。Whereasinterdependenceisdesirableduringtimesofpeace,warnecessitatescompetitionandindependence.Tariffsandimportationlimitsstrengthenacountry”seconomicvitalitywhilepotentiallyweakeningtheeconomiesofitsenemies.Moreover,protectionismintheweaponsindustryishighlydesirableduringsuchcircumstancesbecauserelianceonanotherstateforarmamentscanbefatal.在和平年月，各国之间相互依存、共谋进展，战斗时期，各国又相互竞争，追求独立。关税武器制造行业实行保护主义，可避开对外过度依靠，保护本国免患病致命打击。Forthemostpart,economistsemphasizethenegativeeffectsofprotectionism.Itreducesinternationaltradeandraisespricesforconsumers.Inaddition,domesticfirmsthatreceiveprotectionhavelessincentivetoinnovate.Althoughfreetradeputsuncompetitivefirmsoutofbusiness,thedisplacedworkersandresourcesareultimatelyallocatedtootherareasoftheeconomy.可以在其他经济领域找到用武之地。Imposingquotasisamethodusedtoprotecttrade,sinceforeigncompaniescannotshipmoreproductsregardlessofhowlowtheysettheirprices.Countriesthathopetohelpanewindustrythrivelocallyoftenimposequotasonimportedgoods.Theybelievethatsuchrestrictionsallowentitiesinthenewindustrytodeveloptheirowncompetitiveadvantagesandproducetheproductsefficiently.的产品数量始终有限。各国通常会对进口产品实行限额政策，以推动本国兴产业的进展。经济学家认为，此类限制政策有助于兴产业实体充分提升自身竞争力及商品生产效率。Protectionism’spurposeisusuallytocreatejobsfordomesticworkers.Companiesthatoperateinindustriesprotectedbyquotashireworkerslocally.Anotherdisadvantageofquotasisthereductioninthequalityofproductsintheabsenceofcompetitionfromforeigncompanies.Withoutcompetition,localfirmsarelesslikelytoinvestininnovationandimprovetheirproductsandservices.Domesticsellersdon’thaveanincentivetoenhanceefficiencyandlowertheirprices,andundersuchconditions,consumerseventuallypaymoreforproductsandservicestheycouldreceivefromforeigncompetitors.Aslocalcompanieslosecompetitiveness,theybecomepressuredtooutsourcejobs.Inthelong-run,increasingprotectionismcommonlyleadstolayoffsandeconomicslowdown.贸易主义政策通常旨在制造外乡就业岗位。受益于限额政策的业内公司通常只雇佣当地工扣。国内商家既不留意提升生产效率、也不推出价格优待措施，久而久之不外包产品和效劳。从长远来看，保护主义盛行，通常会导致企业裁员，引起经济衰退。CEPassage1与疾病作斗争中逐步形成并不断丰富进展的医学科学奉献，也对世界文明进步产生了乐观影响。Humanityhascreatedacolorfulglobalcivilizationinthelongcourseofitsdevelopment,andthecivilizationofChinaisanimportantcomponentoftheworldcivilizationharboringgreatdiversity.AsarepresentativefeatureofChinesecivilization,traditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)isamedicalsciencethatwasformedanddevelopedinthedailylifeofthepeopleandintheprocessoftheirfightagainstdiseasesoverthousandsofyears.Ithasmadeagreatcontributiontothenation”sprocreationandthecountry”sprosperity,inadditiontoproducingapositiveimpactontheprogressofhumancivilization.中医药在历史进展进程中，兼容并蓄、创开放，形成了独特的生命观、安康观、疾病观、人们安康观念变化和医学模式转变，中医药越来越显示出独特价值。TCMhascreateduniqueviewsonlife,onfitness,ondiseasesandonthepreventionandtreatmentofdiseasesduringitslonghistoryofabsorptionandinnovation.Itrepresentsacombinationofnaturalsciencesandhumanities,embracingprofoundphilosophicalideasoftheChinesenation.Asideasonfitnessandmedicalmodelschangeandevolve,traditionalChinesemedicinehascometounderlineamoreandmoreprofoundvalue.。SincethefoundingofthePeople”sRepublicofChinain1949,theChinesegovernmenthassetgreatstorebyTCMandrenderedvigoroussupporttoitsdevelopment.TCMandWesternmedicinehavetheirdifferentstrengths.TheyworktogetherinChinatoprotectpeoplefromdiseasesandimprovepublichealth.ThishasturnedouttobeoneoftheimportantfeaturesandnotablestrengthsofmedicinewithChinesecharacteristics.CEPassage2步，但饥饿和贫困照旧是一种“无声的危机”，是深深困扰全人类的“阿喀琉斯之踵”。目8强农业合作，更多关注进展中国家、尤其是一些最不兴旺国家的诉求。应削减贸易保护，加强对最不兴旺国家农业技术、资金等支持，提高全球农业生产水平和粮食安全保障水平。Foodforallis,formankind,themostfundamentalrightofsurvival,whichservesasthebasisforallotherhumanrights.Greatprogresshasbeenmadeintheglobalagriculturaldevelopment.Yethungerandpovertyhaveremaineda“silentcrisis“.Theyarelikethe“Achillesheel“,deeplytroublingallhumanbeings.Over800millionpoorpeopleintheworldstillfacethethreatoffoodshortagesandmalnutrition.Topromoteagriculturaldevelopmentanderadicatehungerandpovertyremainsamajorchallengeoftheworldandacommonresponsibilityofmankind.Theinternationalcommunitymayjoinhandstoenhanceagriculturalcooperationandpaygreate