2020-2021学年宁夏银川市永宁回民高级中学高二（上）期中英语试卷（附答案详解）

2020-2021学年宁夏银川市永宁回民高级中学高二（上）

期中英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

SummerActivitiesStudentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/carers,andselecttwo

activitiestheywouldliketodo.Formswillbeavailableinschoolandonlineforthemtoindicate

theirchoicesandreturntoschool.Beforechoicesarefinalized,parents/carerswillbeaskedto

signtoconfirmtheirchild'schoices.

Memberof

ActivityDescriptionCost

staff

Takeyourselfoutofyourcomfortzonefora

week,discovernewpersonalqualities,andlearn

Outdoornewskills.Youwillbeabletotakepartina

AdventurenumberofactivitiesfromcanoeingtowildMr.Clemens£140

(OUT)campingonDartmoor.Learnrockclimbingand

workasateam,andenjoythegreatoutdoor

environment.

OnMondaywetraveltoLondon.Afterstaying

overnightinLondon,wetravelonDay2to

northernFrancetovisittheWorldWarI

WWI

battlefields.OnDay3wecrossinto

Battlefields

Belgium.ThursdayseesusmaketheshortjourneyMrs.Wilson£425

andParis

toPariswherewewillvisitDisneylandParis

(WBP)

Park,stayinguntillatetoseetheparadeandthe

fireworks.Ourfinalday,Friday,seesusvisit

centralParisandtourthemainsights.

Fourdaysofproductdesigncentredaround

textiles.Makinglovelyobjectsusingrecycledand

CraftyFoxes

madematerials.Bags,cushionsandMrs.Goode£30

(CRF)

decorations...Leamskillsandleavewithmodern

andunusualtextiles.

VisitWarnerBrosStudio,stoptobuypicnic,stay

overnightinanapprovedYouthHostelin

PottyaboutStreatley-on-Thames,joinaguidedtourofOxford

Pottertoseethefilmlocations,picnicoutsideOxford'sMissDrake£150

(POT)Christchurch,andgoboatingontheRiver

CherwellthroughtheUniversityParksbefore

headingbacktoExeter.

1.Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocamping?

第2页，共22页

A.OUT.B.WBP.C.CRF.D.POT.

2.WhatwillthestudentsdoonTuesdaywithMrs.Wilson?

A.TraveltoLondon.B.Seeaparadeandfireworks.

C.TourcentralParis.D.VisittheWWIbattlefields.

3.HowlongdoesPottyaboutPotterlast?

A.Twodays.B.Fourdays.C.Fivedays.D.Oneweek.

B

Mostofthevolcanoeshavebeenherefbraverylongtime.Somehavebeenheresolongthat

nowtheyarecold.Theyarecalleddeadvolcanoes.Theystoppedthrowingoutfireandmelted

rockandsmoke.ltissafetowalkonthem.Farmsareplowedonthequietslopes,andpeople

havebuilthousesthere.

Somevolcanoeshavestoppedthrowingouthotrock,buttheystillsmokealittlenowand

then.Theyare"sleeping"volcanoes.Sometimetheymay"wakeup.”

AvolcanonamedVesuviussleptforathousandyears.Butitwokeupandthrewoutsomuch

hotmeltedrockthatitburiedthebuildingsoftwocities.

Todayvolcanoesarenotsodangerousfbrpeopleastheywerealongtimeago.Nowweknow

moreaboutwhyvolcanoesdowhattheydo,andwecanusuallytellwhentheyaregoingtodo

it.Beforeasleepingvolcanowakesup,itusuallymakesanoiselikefarawaythunder,andthe

groundshakesinsmallearthquakes.Peoplearewarnedandhavetimetogetawaysafely.

Peopleusedtothinkdragonsundertheearthcausedvolcanoes.Theysaidthesmokethatpuffed

abovethegroundwasthedragon'sbreath.Theysaidtheearthquakeswerecausedbythe

dragon'smovingarounddownintheearth.Nowweknowthatthisisnottrue.

Anotherthingweknowaboutvolcanoesisthattheydon'thappenjustanywhere.Thereare

certainplacesundertheearthwheretherockisbrokeninawaythatletsthesteamandhotrock

escapetotheoutsidemoreeasily.Scientistsknowwheretheseplacesare,andmapshavebeen

madetoleteverybodyknow.

Therearedifferentkindsofvolcanoes.Someexplodesoviolentlythattherockgoeshighinto

theairandfallsmilesaway.Avolcanomayshootoutashessohighthattheyfloatalltheway

aroundtheworld.Theyhavemadethesunsetsgreenandthesnowpurple.

Othervolcanoesaremoregentle.Thehotlavarisesintheirconesandoverflows,rollingslowly

downthemountainside,whereitbecomescoolandhard.

Oneverytallvolcanostaysfieryredatthetopallthetime.Itisluckythatthevolcanoisnearthe

ocean.Sailorscanuseitforalighthouse.

4.knowwherecertainplacesundertheeartharewheretherockisbrokeninaway

thatletsthesteamandhotrockescapetotheoutsidemoreeasily.

A.Officials.B.Doctors.

C.ScientistsD.Manymanypeople

5.Avolcanomaymake.

A.theskygreenB.thesnowpurple

C.theshipsmallD.thewateryellow

6.Whichoneisnottrue?

A.Oneverytallvolcanostaysfieryredatthetopallthetime.

B.Somevolcanoesaregentle.

C.Certainvolcanoesexplodeviolently.

D.Volcanoeshappeneverywhere.

7.WhatisthemainideaofPara.1?

A.Adeadvolcanoisdangerous.

B.Asleepingvolcanoissafe.

C.Whydeadvolcanoesaresafe.

D.Itissafetolivenearavolcano.

c

TheSaharaDesertisthelargestdesertintheworld.ltisnearlyaslargeastheUnitedStates.This

vastdesertliesacrossthenorthernpartofAfrica.

TherearedifferentkindsoflandintheSahara.Onekindisloosesandthatdriftswiththe

wind.Anotherkindisgravel.Therearegreatstretchesoflandcoveredwithsmallstones.There

arehillyregionswhichareveryrocky.

TheSaharaisadryplace.ltseldomrainsthere.Thesunisscorchinghot.Thetemperaturecango

ashighas13O.TheaverageinJulyis100ormore.ltismuchcooleratnightthaninthedaytime.

Fiercewindsoftenblowacrossthelandcausingsandstorms.Thepeopletrytofindshelter

duringasandstorm.Iftheycan'tfindshelter,theywraptheirheadsintheirclothing.

Nothinggrowsontheselandsexceptpatchesofcoarsegrassandlittlebushes.Thesegrowonly

incertainspots.Thebushesaresmallandscrubby.Theyhaverootslongenoughtoreachdeep

downintotheearthofwater

第4页，共22页

Theoases（绿洲）aretheonlyreallybrightspotsintheSaharaDesert.Hereandthere,adeep

springorwellbringswatertoasmallpieceofground.Insuchplace,thegrassisgreenandplants

growverywell,Thepeoplewholiveinthedesertarecallednomads.Theymaketheirlivingby

keepingherdsofcamels,goats,orsheep.Theseanimalseatthecoarsegrassofshrubsthatgrow

onoases.Thisgrassdoesn'tlastlong.Whenitisalleaten,thenomadsandtheirfamiliestravelon

untiltheycanfindanotherspotthathasfoodfortheiranimals.Theykeepmovingoverthe

desertfromplacetoplace.Thenomadsliveintents.Forclothingthenomadwearsaloose

woolenrobe.Onhisheadhewearsaroundwoolcap,andoverthisabrighthandkerchief.He

usuallywearscamelhidesandalstoprotecthisfeetfromthehotsand.Thesepeopleeatmostly

dates,cameVsmilk,cheese,andsometimescoarsebread.

Formanyyearsthecannelhasbeenthechiefmeansoftravelacrossthedesert.Hecangofor

manydayswithoutdrinkingoreating.Hekeepsmostofhiswaterbecausehedoesnotloseitby

sweatingitout.

Thecamelcandrawuponfatstoredinhishumpforfood.Hehasapadonthebottomofeach

broadfootthatkeepshimfromsinkingintothedeepsand.Althoughdonkeysarealsousedin

thedesert,thecamelhasalwaysbeenthefavoriteofthedeserttraveler.

8.growsintheSaharaDesert.

A.NothingB.Patchesofcoarsegrass

C.LittlebushesD.bothBandC

9.IntheSaharaDesertwatercanbebroughtfromtosmallpiecesofground.

A.theriverB.thelakeC.thepoolD.thewell

10.Thepeoplelivinginthedeserteatallofthefollowingexcept.

A.cheeseB.coarsebread

C.themeatofcamelsD.dates

11.Thereasonwhythecamelcangoformanydayswithoutdrinkingisthat.

A.Itdoesn'tsweat.

B.Itcanfetchwaterfromtheair.

C.Itcangetwaterfromundertheearth.

D.Itcanmakewaterbyitself.

D

"TomorrowwewillseetheGoldenGateBridge,"saidPeter."Ihaveneverseenagoldenbridge

before.'1

Peter'sfathersmiled,butsaidnothing.Peterwouldsoonseethebridge.

Thenextmorning,hisfathertookPetertothebridge.Peterfirstsawitfromfaraway.Howbigit

looked!Butthenhesawsomethingelse.Thebridgewasred!

"Thebridgeisn'tgolden!"hesaid.HWhyisitcalledtheGoldenGateBridge?n

"Itisn'tnamedforitscolor,"saidhisfather."ItisnamedfortheGoldenGate”“

"WhatistheGoldenGate?naskedPeter.

"Agateiseitheranopening,orthethingthatclosestheopening/1saidhisfather.'*Itisnamedfor

theGoldenGate."

HWhatistheGoldenGate?”askedPeter.

"Agateiseitheranopening,orthethingthatclosestheopening,'1saidhisfather."TheGolden

Gateisanopeningintheland.Waterfromtheseacomesthroughthisopeningintothebay."

"Oh,"saidPeter.MAndthebridgegoesovertheopening.Butwhyistheopeningcalledthe

GoldenGate?

"YearsagomencametoCaliforniatolookforgold,"hisfathersaid.nManycamebyship.They

cameintothebaythroughthatopening.Forthemitwasagatetogold.TheynamedittheGolden

Gate/1

"Well,"saidPeter,"Istillthinkthebridgeshouldlookgolden."

WhenPetergothome,hesentalettertoaCaliforniapaper.Intheletterhesaid：”Redisnotthe

rightcolorfbrtheGoldenGateBridge.Thebridgeshouldlookgolden,thewaymostpeople

thinkitdoes.1'

Petersent$14.78withhisletter.ltwasallthemoneyhehadsaved."Thismoneyistohelppaint

thebridgegold,"hewrote.

ManypeoplereadPeter'sletterinthenewspaper.Rightaway,thingsbegantohappen!Some

peoplesentmoney.Abigcompanygaverealgoldtomakegoldpaint.Apaintcompanymade

thepaint.

Butsomepeoplestillwantedthebridgetobered!

WilltheGoldenGateBridgeeverbegolden?Itwill,ifenoughpeoplefeelasPeterdoes.How

doyoufeelaboutit?

12.WhatstateistheGoldenBridgein?

A.SanFrancisco.B.Virginia.

C.Maryland.D.California.

13.Whatisthebridgenamedfor?

第6页，共22页

A.It*snamedforitscolor.

B.It*snamedfortheGoldenGate.

C.Ifsnamedforthemetalgold.

D.It'snamedforaship.

14.WhydidPetersendalettertoaCaliforniapaper?

A.Hewantedthebridgetolookgolden.

B.Mostpeoplewantedhimtodoso.

C.Hewantedtomakeanad.

D.Hewantedtopracticehiswriting.

15.AllthefollowinghappenedafterPeter'slettertothepaperexcept

A.Somepeoplesentmoney.

B.Abigcompanygaverealgoldtomakegoldpaint.

C.Apaintcompanymadethepaint.

D.Somepeoplepaintedthebridgegolden.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）

Bothmenandwomenarelivinglongerthesedaysinindustrializedcountries.（1）In

general,theycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.Onereasonforthisis

biological.

Oneimportantbiologicalfactor（生物因素）thathelpswomenlivelongeristhedifferencein

hormones（激素）betweenmenandwomen.（2）Betweentheagesofabout12and50,women

producehormonesthatareinvolvedinfertility（生育能力）.Thesehormonesalsohavea

positiveeffectontheheartandbloodflow.Infact,womenarelesslikelytohavehighblood

pressureortodiefromheartattacks.

（3）Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections（感染）.Thismeansthat

womengenerallygetsicklessoftenandlessseriouslythanmen.Thecommoncoldisagood

example：women,onaverage,getfewercoldsthanmen.（4）Scientistsarestillnotexactlysure

howgenes（基因）influenceaging,buttheybelievethattheydo.Somethinkthatawoman's

bodycellshaveatendency（趋向）toagemoreslowlythanaman^.Othersthinkthataman's

bodycellshaveatendencytoagemorequickly.⑸

A.However,women,onaveragejivelonger.

B.Thebiologicalfactorplaysanimportantpart.

C.Womenarealsohelpedbytheirfemalegenes(基因).

D.Thefemalehormonesalsoprotectthebodyinanotherway.

E.Recentresearchseemstosupportbothofthesepossibilities.

F.Therefore,womenaremorehealthythanmenandcanliveabetterlife.

G.Hormonesarechemicalswhichareproducedbythebodytocontrolcariousbodyfunctions.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共30.0分)

ManyTuesdaymornings,!havecoffeewithmyfather.Althoughmyfatherisamanoffew

words,Ireally⑵)thetimealongwithhim.

OnerecentTuesday,!founditabit(22)whenIrangthedoorbell,nooneseemedtobehome.I

climbedinthroughthewindow,noticingthelightsthatshonefromthekitchen,and(23)thatmy

dadmustbethere,buthewasn't.I(24)throughhishome,checkingeveryroom.Itriednot

to(25).Yet,upstairs,downstairs,noDadanywhere.

Iwasworried.(26),myfatherwasseventy-oneyearsold.Anythingcouldhavehappenedto

him.Then,!gotinmycaranddrovetomymother'saerobics(有氧运动)class.Onthedrive,1

thoughtalotaboutmyfatherandour(27)together.Sudden1y,Iwasthreeyearsoldandhe

was(28)meuptothelivingroomwindowtoseetheChristmaslights.Inhis(29),Iwassafeand

secure.Atageten,heusedtowakemeupwithwarmbreakfastinbed.ThenIwastwelveandmy

dadwas(30)allthekidsatmybirthdaypartywithhismagictricks.Iwasso⑶)ofmyfatherfor

beingso(32)andtalented.He'dmademypartya(33).

AsIenteredmymother'sclass,!wasnervous.Mymomlookedatmein(34).

第8页，共22页

"Mom,where'sDad?”Iasked,"He'sworkinginthe(35)onthesideofthehouse!1'she

answered.

AndIhuniedtomycarand(36)backtotheyard.nHey,Dad!uIyelledoutandtoldhimaboutmy

fearsofthelasthalfhour.Mydad(37)laughinghistypicallaughthatwasalways(38).1wasso

thankfulthatIstillhadmydaddy.Andso,asI(39)thedoortomyfather'shouse,wewentinside

forourusuallycupofcoffee.Thanks,Daddy,forallthe(40)andmoreimportantly,forallyour

love.

21.A.dislikeB.shareC.getD.enjoy

22.A.dangerousB.unusualC.joyfulD.relaxing

23.A.decidedB.hopedC.expectedD.wondered

24.A.livedB.pulledC.hurriedD.came

25.A.cryB.panicC.believeD.confirm

26.A.AboveallB.inallC.AfterallD.Forall

27.A.journeyB.familyC.interestD.history

28.A.holdingB.pickingC.callingD.bringing

29.A.heartB.chestC.eyesD.arms

30.A.amazingB.cheatingC.invitingD.providing

31.A.sureB.awareC.proudD.afraid

32.A.honestB.specialC.luckyD.practical

33.A.feastB.prizeC.secretD.success

34.A.angerB.worryC.sorrowD.surprise

35.A.yardB.kitchenC.roomD.home

36.A.foughtB.ranC.lookedD.fled

37.A.keptB.rememberedC.beganD.stopped

38.A.bitterB.simpleC.familiarD.tight

39.A.closedB.unlockedC.kickedD.knocked

40.A.memoriesB.ChancesC.assistanceD.advice

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

41.QiuJinwei,atouristfromWuhan,Hubeiprovince,droveto.Xiangyangafter(1)(watch)

thebittersweettime-travelcomedyHi,Mom《你好，李焕英》onFeb12.Heandhisfamily

tookphotosatthechemicalproductsfactory(2)themoviewasshot.Allthebuildingsand

decorationsinthefactory(3)(keep)inthestyleof1980sChina.

Qiuisoneofthethousandsof(4)(tourist)whomadeanostalgic(怀I日)visitto

Xiangyangafterbeinginspiredbythefilm,whichrakedinmorethan3billionyuanand(5)

(lead)thefilm'sdirectorJiaLingtobecomingthefemaledirectorwiththebiggestbox

officesuccessinChinesefilmhistory.

Inthemovie,JiaXiaolingandhermother,LiHuanying,arehitby(6)truckandthemother

iscriticallyinjured.WhileinthehospitaLJia(7)(mysterious)(神秘的)travelsto1981

whenLiwasinher20s.Theyquicklybecameclosefriends.

Amanagerofagrocerystoresaidthatfewpeoplehadvisitedbefore,butafterthefilm

wentviral,(8)numberoftouristsrosealotandthestorereceivedabout1,000visitsaday.

HubeiWeidongHoldingGroupand603CuluralandCreativePark,twooftheshooting

locationsforthemovie,havereceivedmorethan30,000touristvisitssofarsincethefilm

⑼(open)overthelongholiday.

Hi,Momrakedinabout275.91millionyuanonSunday,andthesecond-highest-grossing

filmDetectiveChinatown3finishedthedayatover85.21millionyuan,according(10)

datafromtheChinaMovieDataInformationNetwork.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、短文改错(本大题共1小题，共10.0分)

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删

除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。

第10页，共22页

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Theotherday,IwasinvitedSam'shomefordinner.IfeltabitsurprisingwhenIsawBill

there.Wetwoquarreledseverelytwomonthago,soIwasembarrassedanddidn'tknow

howtodo.IsatdownonthesofabutbegantowatchTV.LaterSamcametoaskmeto

makeupwithBill.ThenIrealizethatSamhadarrangedthedinneronpurpose.Iwentup

toherandgreetedhimwarmly,smileathim.Helookedveryhappilyandtalkedtomefor

alongtime.Thatnight,wehadagreatfuntogether.

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

43.假定你是李华，现在是宁夏大学（NingxiaUniversity）大一新生（freshman）。高

三时你在王老师的帮助下，英语进步很大，在高考中取得了不错的成绩，顺利考上

理想的大学。为表示感谢，给王老师写了一封感谢信。要点如下：

1.表示感谢。

2.回顾王老师对你的帮助。

3.表达对王老师的祝福。

注意：1.词数100左右。

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

DearMrWang,

Yours,

LiHua

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】

A、D、A

【解析】

(1)A.细节理解题。根据OutdoorAdventure(OUT)活动栏目Youwillbeabletotakepart

inanumberofactivitiesfromcanoeingtowildcampingonDartmoor.

你将能够参加许多活动，从划独木舟到在达特穆尔野外露营。可知，如果你想去露营，

你会选择OUT。故选Ao

(2)D.细节理解题。根据WWIBattlefieldsandParis(WBP)活动栏目OnMonday

wetraveltoLondon.AfterstayingovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2tonorthernFrance

tovisittheWorldWarIbattlefields.我们星

期一去伦敦旅行。在伦敦过夜后，第二天我们前往法国北部参观第二次世界大战战场。

可知，这里的Day2就是题干中的Tuesdayo再根据Memberofstaff(工作人员)部分

Mrs.Wilson.可知，学生会在星期二同Mrs.Wilson一起参观WWIbattlefields,故选D。

(3)A.推理判断题。根据PottyaboutPtter(POT)—VisitWarnerBrosStudio,stopto

buypicnic,stayovernightinanapprovedYouthHostel.参观华

纳兄弟工作室，停下来买野餐，在批准的青年招待所过夜；joinaguidedtourofOxfordto

seethefilmlocations,picnicoutsideOxford'sChristchurch.力口

入牛津的导游团，参观电影拍摄地点，在牛津基督城外野餐。可知，参观完WarnerBros

Studio之后在Streatly-on-Thames过夜，第二天在Oxford'sChristchurch外野餐。因此，

该活动历时两天。故选A。

本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要讲述的是一则有关暑期活动的广告，该广告主要向学

生们推荐了四个不同风格的活动。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑

关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章

未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作

者观点。

第12页，共22页

4~7.【答案】

C、B、D、C

【解析】

（1）C.细节理解题。根据文章第六段

Scientistsknowwheretheseplacesare,andmapshavebeenmadetoleteverybodyknow.（科

学家知道这些地方在哪里，而且地图已经制作出来让每个人都知道。）可知科学家们知

道地球下面的某些地方是岩石破裂的地方，这种方式让蒸汽和热岩石更容易逃逸到外面。

故选C。

（2）B.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段

Theyhavemadethesunsetsgreenandthesnowpurple.（他们把日落染成绿色，把雪染成

紫色。）可知火山可能会使雪变成紫色。故选B。

（3）D.推理判断题。根据文章第六段

Anotherthingweknowaboutvolcanoesisthattheydon'thappenjustanywhere.（关于火山,

我们知道的另一件事是，它们不会是在任何地方都发生的。）可知火山不是在任何地方

都会发生的。因此D.Volcanoeshappeneverywhere.（火山随处可见）是错误的。故选D。

（4）C.段落大意题。根据文章第一段

Theyarecalleddeadvolcanoes.Theystoppedthrowingoutfireandmeltedrockandsmoke.lt

issafetowalkonthem.Farmsareplowedonthequietslopes,andpeoplehavebuilthousesthe

re.（它们被称为死火山。他们停止喷火，融化岩石和烟雾。在上面行走是安全的。宁静

的山坡上耕种着农场，人们在那里建造了房屋。）可知第一段的主旨大意是“死火山为

什么是安全"。A.Adeadvolcanoisdangerous.死火山很危险;B.Asleepingvolcanoissafe.

沉睡的火山是安全的；C.Whydeadvolcanoesaresafe.死火山为什么安全；

D.Itissafetolivenearavolcano.住在火山附近是安全的。故选C»

本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了火山的几种类型，科学家们知道地球下面的某些地方是

岩石破裂的地方，这种方式让蒸汽和热岩石更容易逃逸到外面。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。

8~11.【答案】

D、D、C、A

【解析】

（1）D.细节理解题。根据第五段中的

"Nothinggrowsontheselandsexceptpatchesofcoarsegrassandlittlebushes.（除了一片片

粗糙的草地和小灌木丛，这些土地上什么也没有生长。）“可知，撒哈拉沙漠生长着一

片片粗糙的草地和小灌木丛。故选D。

（2）D.细节理解题。根据第六段中的

"Hereandthere,adeepspringorwellbringswatertoasmallpieceofground.（至tl处都有深泉

或深井把水带到一小块土地上。）“可知，在撒哈拉沙漠，水可以从深泉和井里带到小

块土地上。结合选项，故选D。

（3）C.细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的

"Thesepeopleeatmostlydates,camel'smilk,cheese,andsometimescoarsebread.（这些人主

要吃枣、骆驼奶、奶酪，有时也吃粗面包。）“可知，文中没有提到生活在撒哈拉沙漠

的人们吃骆驼肉。故选C。

（4）A.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的

"Hekeepsmostofhiswaterbecausehedoesnotloseitbysweatingitout.（他保存了大部分

水分，因为他不会因出汗而失去水分。）"可知，骆驼不喝水能走很多天的原因是因为

他不出汗。故选A。

本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的位置，天气，资源以及人民的生活方式等

信息。

1.直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原

文基本一致的题目。2.间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言

表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3.综合信息题：综合信息题

是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在

文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

12~15•【答案】

D、B、A、D

【解析】

第14页，共22页

（1）D.细节理解题。根据第11段中"YearsagomencametoCaliforniatolookforgold（几

年前，人们来到加利福尼亚寻找黄金。）”以及第四段

S<J."WhyisitcalledtheGoldenGateBridge?（为什么叫金门大桥？）"第五段的

"Itisn'tnamedforitscolor,"saidhisfather."ItisnamedforIheGoldenGate（它不是以它的

颜色命名的，”他父亲说。“它是以金门命名的。"）"可知，金门大桥在California。故选

Do

（2）B.细节理解题。根据第11段中"TheynamedittheGoldenGate.（他们把它命名为金

门。）"可知，这座桥被命名为金门大桥。故选B。

（3）A.推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中"Petersent$

14.78withhisletter.ltwasallthemoneyhehadsaved."Thismoneyistohelppaintthebridge

gold,"hewrote.（彼得随信寄出$14.78。那是他存下的所有钱。"这笔钱是用来把桥漆

成金色“。）”可知，Peter给加利福尼亚报社写信目的是希望这座桥看起来是金色。故选

Ao

（4）D.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的

"Somepeoplesentmoney.Abigcompanygaverealgoldtomakegoldpaint.Apaintcompany

madethepaint.（有些人寄了钱。一家大公司给真金做金漆。一家油漆公司制造了这种

油漆。）"可知，选项ABC均发生在彼得给报社写信之后，只有选项D.Somepeoplepainted

thebridgegolden.（一些人把桥漆成金色。）没有提及。故选D。

本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了金门大桥到底是金色还是红色，作者得知当有足够的人

捐钱希望它是金色的时候它才会变成金色。

1.直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原

文基本一致的题目。2.间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言

表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3.综合信息题：综合信息题

是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在

文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义.

16~20•【答案】

A、G、D、C、E

【解析】

（1）A.推理判断题。文章后面说theycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.

她们比男人可以多活六到七年。可以推测前文应该讲的是：女性平均寿命更长。所以选

项A.However,women,onaverageJivelonger.（然而，女性平均寿命更长。）符合语境，

故选A„

（2）G.细节理解题。文章前一句说Oneimportantbiologicalfactorthathelpswomenlive

longeristhedifferenceinhormonesbetweenmenandwomen.帮助女性长寿的一个重要生

物学因素是男女激素的差异。可知男女荷尔蒙不同；后一句说womenproducehormones

thatareinvolvedinfertility女性的荷尔蒙与生育有关，可知此处说的是激素的作用。所

以"G.Hormonesarechemicalswhichareproducedbythebodytocontrolcariousbody

functions.（荷尔蒙是身体产生的化学物质，用来控制身体

的各种机能。）"符合语境。故选G。

（3）D.推理判断题。前面说至!]Thesehormonesalsohaveapositiveeffectontheheartand

bloodflow.荷尔蒙对心脏和血液有好处；后面说Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainst

somekindsofinfections.它们还可以对抗感染，可以推测这里讲的应该是荷尔蒙保护身体

的另夕卜一种方式。所以"D.Thefemalehormonesalsoprotectthebodyinanotherway.

（女性荷尔蒙也以另一种方式保护身体。）"符合语境。故选D。

（4）C.推理判断题。后面一句是Scientistsarestillnotexactlysurehowgenesinfluence

aging科学家们还不清楚基因是如何对抗衰老的，可以知道前面应该说的是基因。所以

C选项：Womenarealsohelpedbytheirfemalegenes（基因）.（女性也受到女性基因的

帮助），符合语境。故选C。

（5）E.推理判断题。文章最后说Somethinkthatawoman'sbodycellshaveatendency

（向）toagemoreslowlythanaman's.Othersthinkthataman'sbodycellshaveatendencyto

agemorequickly.女性身体细胞老化得比男人慢，或者说男人的细胞必女人老化得快。

可知此处说的是这两种可能性。所以"E.Recentresearchseemstosupportbothofthese

possibilities.（最近的研究似乎支持这两种可能性。）”符合语境。故

选E。

文章是一篇科技报道，讲述了女人比男人长寿的原因。主要是女人和男人的生物荷尔蒙

不同，女性的身体细胞老化的速度比男人慢。

“七选五”这样的题型，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑

意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1.理清文章的逻辑和结构，2.在

所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选