英文 《人间喜剧》中高老头的人物形象分析

AnalysisoftheCharactersofOldManGaoin"ComedyonEarth"Abstract:Readingclassicsandappreciatingthecharacters.Differentcharactershavedifferentlifehistory,differentpersonalitycharacteristics,orloyalortraitor,orwiseorstupid.Highlightthedifferentattitudesoftheauthor."OldManGao"Therearesomanycharactersinit,eachhasadistinctpersonality,andeachcharacterhasadifferenttypicalmeaning.The"paternallove"oftheoldmanGaoisdeformed,Vautrinistherepresentativeoftheinsidiouscareerist,theearlandthebankerarecoldandselfish,andRastignac'shumanconscienceisstillnotlost.Thisarticleattemptstoanalyzethecharacteristicsofthecharactersin"OldManGao".Keywords:"HumanComedy";"OldManGao";CharacterAnalysis

ContentTOC\o"1-3"\h\u144921Introduction IntroductionBalzachascompletedmorethan100novelsinjustover20years.Exceptforanonymouslypublishedandunfinishedones,morethan90novelshavebeenincludedintheauthor'scollectionofnovels"ComediesonEarth".HonorédeBalzacisoneofthegreatestFrenchwritersinthe19thcentury.Hiscreationisatypicalrepresentativeofrealisminthehistoryofworldliterature.OldManGaoisacharacterinhis"ComedyontheWorld"publishedin1984.,"ComedyonEarth"isamasterpiececreatedbyBalzac'slife'shardwork.Thecharactersarevivid,vividonpaper,richincontentandtruthful,justlikeanencyclopedia,whichamazesreadersathomeandabroad.Manyoftheseartisticimageshavebecometypicalcharactersinworldliteratureandhavebecomemoreandmorenewovertime.ThisisanovelbasedonthetruefeelingsofFrenchcapitalistsocietyinthe19thcentury.Fromtheperspectiveofothers,Rastignac’sexperiencerevealsthetragicrelationshipbetweenOldManGaoandhistwodaughters.ThisarticlemainlyanalyzestheimageofOldManGaoandhistragedytotheparentsofhistwodaughters.Veryvividlyconveysthecharacteristicsofthemaincharacters.Inthework,atragicstoryisdescribedinaspecialway,andthecharactersarefullofimages.Evenmoreshockingisthedeepandpainfulmixtureofinstinct,diseaseandpornography.Father’sloveisnotonlyafictionalstory,butalsoatruereflectionofthetragedyanditsroots.IntheeraofFrenchcapitalism,peopleweretakenawaybythemagicofmoneyandmoraldecay.Thewholenoveltrulyandvividlyreflectsthesocialenvironmentoftheentireeraheisabouttowrite,andprofoundlyrevealsandcriticizesthedesiresanddisastersthatmoneybringstothepeopleofFrenchsociety.2Literaturereview2.1CurrentstatusofdomesticresearchReizovoftheSovietUnionbelievedthat"thescientificbasisofBalzac'sworldviewdeterminesthedepthofhisdescription,andthisphilosophicalbasiscomesfromtherevolutionaryphilosophyoftheeighteenthcentury".BalzacwasdeeplyinfluencedbyEnlightenmentthought.Hespokehighlyoftheenlightenmentscholarsinthe18thcentury,“becauseoftheireffortstooverthrowthingsthathinderhumandevelopment.”ThemostimportantpartofBalzac’shumanisticthoughtsystemisfromFrance.FortheideasabsorbedintheEnlightenment,hestartedfromtheperson,fullyaffirmedthevalueoftheindividualandemphasizedtherightsoftheindividual.Atthesametime,hepointedoutthatthesevalues​​andpowersshouldbebuiltonthebasisofhumanreason.18thcenturyTheEnlightenmentscholarsofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaarecalledphilosopherspreciselybecausetheyexploreallissuesinthespiritofcriticismandinquiries,andactinaccordancewithrationalguidance.ThisgroupofsociallyresponsiblephilosophersusecriticismasaweaponandstrivehardPursuingtherealizationofhumanequality,freedomandpower,tryingtoestablisha"reasonablekingdomofreason."Amongthis,personalpowerandhumanliberationwereanaspectthatpeoplevaluedatthattime,anditwasalsoBalzac'slifelongstruggle.Thegoalpursued.Inthatera,thevalueofapersonwasnolongermeasuredbyancestryandfamilystatus,butbyhistalentandability.Napoleonwasamodelforestablishingandrealizingthisvaluestandard,whetheritwashisownThedevelopmenttrajectoryisalsothestandardforemployingpeopleaftertakingpower.Napoleon’sunprecedentedsuccessmadethewholegenerationofyoungpeoplewhoseekdevelopmentaftertheGreatRevolutionregardhimasthehighestideal.Inhischildhoodandadolescence,BalzacwitnessedNapoleon’ssteadydevelopmentandbecomingFrance.Intheemperor’sgloriousyears,hehasstatedmanytimesthathislifelongidolisNapoleon,andhevowedto"Iwillaccomplishtheunfinishedbusinesswithasword,andIwillaccomplishitwithapen",andfollowthespiritualidolwithaction.Inhiscreation,hefacedhiscontemporaryTheyouth’spursuitofpersonalvalueiswritten.Asaresult,variouspersonalstrugglersappearinhisworks:theyeitherpursuethetruthwithpositivevalues,orintervenewithsocietywithnegativevalues,denyingtheexistingsocietyAtthesametimeoforder,hestrivestoparticipateinsocietyinordertorealizehispersonalpursuits.Inthesewritings,Balzacfullyaffirmedthehumanenterprisingdemonstratedbytheindividualstrugglers,andpraisedtheunparalleledcreativeabilityandpositivelifedisplayedbythem.Valueorientation.ItisworthyofourattentionthatBalzachascreatedasmallnumberofsuccessfulpersonalstrugglerswithartisticbrushes,andhasplacedthehighestmoralidealsonthem.Inthefaceoftheturbidsocietyandthetemptationofmaterialdesires,theyInadditiontoadoptinganattitudeofadherencetomoralityandquality,healsosucceededingraspingthelivingenvironmentwithsecularsuccess,andresistingthecorrosionofsocietywithpersonalstrength.Thiscreativetendencyreleasestheidealisticsideofthewriter.Atthesametime,therapiddevelopmentofnaturalscienceLetthepowerofmankindasawholedeveloprapidly,andletpeoplehaveenoughconfidencethatwiththeirownwisdomandreason,theycanunderstandnature,transformnature,andbecometheGodwhocreatedthe"kingdomofheaven."Theawakeningofhumansubjectivitymakes"theyUnwillingtobecontentwiththestatusquo,haveanadventurousspirit,hesitatetosellhissoul,evenriskhislifetopromotesubjectivityandfreewill,andboldlypursuethefreedomoftheheart.However,peopleatthattimeequatedfreedomwithpower,money,status,andlove,whichcausedthepublicityandalienationofsubjectivityandfreewillintoindividual-centeredgreed,jealousy,self-serving,exploitation,plundering,intrigue,andevenmanslaughter.,Murderandtyranny."Inthelaterstageofhiscreation,Balzacalsodiscoveredtheevilconsequencesofexcessivelyexaggeratingindividualvalues.Helamentedin"Disillusionment":"Napoleon'sexamplehasmademanyordinarypeoplearrogantandafatalwoundinthenineteenthcentury."Atthistime,thewritershavebeguntocalmlyreflectonthedestructiveeffectsoftheexcessivedevelopmentofindividualsonhumannatureandsociety.Ourcountry’sresearchonBalzacbeganin1914.LinShuandChenJialinworkedtogethertotranslatefourshortstoriesin"ComedyontheWorld",including"PhiliptheHunter"and"JesusAppearance"inclassicalChinese.Inthesameyear,itwaspublishedinacollectionunderthenameof"SorrowandBlowingRecord".Sincethen,BalzacStudiesbeganacentury-longjourneyinChina.IntheCNKIChinesedatabase,therearemorethan13,870articleswithBalzacasthekeyword.Fromadiachronicpointofview,China’sresearchonBalzachasroughlygonethroughfourperiods:beforethe1950s,itwasmainlybasedontheintroductionandtranslationofwriters’worksandforeignliterarycircles’commentsonBalzac;fromthe1960stotheCulturalRevolution.Heavierideologicalcolor,andhisviewsonwriters’viewsonliteratureandarthavegraduallybecomeMarxistliterarycriticism;after1978,thefieldofresearchbegantobroaden.Since1984,People’sLiteraturePublishingHousehassuccessivelypublished"TheCompleteWorksofBalzac"until1998.Atotalof30volumesofthecompleteworksin2005havebeenpublished,bringingimportantinformationtothedomesticresearchcommunity.Researchersarenolongerlimitedtofamousarticles.Theresearchscopehasexpandedfromthemainarticlesin"ComedyonEarth"toothernovels.,Drama,letters,essays,etc.;sincethenewcentury,withtheprosperityofvarioustheoreticalstudiesintheacademicworld,somescholarshavechangedtheirthinkingandangles,andhavebeguntotrytointerpretBalzacfrommultipleangles,butintermsofquantity.obviouslydecrease.Ingeneral,thecurrentdomesticresearchresultsroughlyfallintothefollowingcategories:1.ResearchonBalzac'sRealismCreationMethodandThoughtDomesticresearchonBalzac'scriticalrealismcreationmethodsandthoughtshasalwaysbeenthefocusofattention.Thereareideologicalreasonsandfixedthinkingreasons.TheresearchresultsinthisareamainlyinheritedMarxistliterarycriticism,usedthemethodofclassanalysis,combinedwiththecreativemethodofBalzac's"typicalimageinatypicalenvironment"toexplaintheauthor'scriticalrealismexpressionmethod,whichbelongedtobeforethe1980s.Themainstreamdiscourseinacademia.2.Explorationofthethemeof"money"inBalzac'sworksThemostimportantthemeinBalzac’sworksis"money."Thiskindofresearcharticlesmainlyanalyzethewriter’sideasfromthecriticismofthecorruptinghumannatureandcorruptingmoralbehaviorbroughtaboutbythecrazypursuitof"money"inthenovel.Writingon"CriticalReality"isalsothemainresearchcontentofthepastfewdecadesinChina.Inrecentyears,researchresultsonBalzac’s“money”themehavemadenewbreakthroughs.TheybelievethatwhatBalzacholdsisadialecticalconceptofmoney.Theconceptof"money"makesadistinction.PapersinthisareaincludeFengYushi'smaster'sthesisofLiaoningNormalUniversity,"Ahypocritelovesmoney,anditisinnocent."Balzac'sCriticismofMoneyWorship(2011),andLiShilin's"OntheAwarenessofMoneyin"HumanComedy""(Thefirstissueof"WorldLiteratureReview"2007)reinterpretsthewriter'sviewofmoneyfromboththecriticismthatmoneycorruptspeople'sheartsandtheaffirmationthatmoneybenefitsmankind'sprosandcons.3.Thewriter'scontradictoryworldviewBalzaclivedattheturnofthe18thand19thcenturies,andwasinfluencedbyvariousschoolsofthought,formingamorecomplexandprofoundworldview.Thewell-knownscholarLiuMingjiubelievesthatheisamaterialdeterminist,whobelievesthatmaterialdeterminesspirit,butsometimeshefallsintotheunderstandingofspiritualism,andhiscontradictoryworldviewdetermineshiscontradictorypoliticaloutlookandcreativetheory.Keisapoliticalguardian,butheeagerlyworshipsNapoleon.Intermsofreligiousbelief,althoughheisanatheistinhisbones,hehopestoimprovesocietyandpurifymoralitythroughthepowerofreligion.InChina,whentheearlyideologicalresearchdominated,mostofthepaperswerebasedontheperspectiveofclasstheory,startingfromthecontradictionbetweentherealistcriticismintheauthor’screationandtheroyalisttendencyinthespeech,andthedetailedanalysisoftheworldviewreflectedinthetext,Andexplainthereasonsforthewriter’sparadox.ThepapersinthisareaincludeLiJianwu's"WhatkindofgenreisBalzac?""("LiteratureReview",1961,fourthissue),MaGuoxiong's"OntherelationshipbetweenBalzac'sworldviewandcreativemethod"and"BrokenandLi",1979firstissue),allwithastrongclassandconsciousnessThemorphologicalcolornotonly"affirms"the"progressive"sideofBalzac'sworldview,butalso"criticizes"the"negative"sideofit.Withthepassageoftime,thetracesofideologyinacademicresearchhavegraduallyfaded.Researcherscanviewthewriter’schoiceofpoliticalandreligiousviewsinamoreobjectivelightandbelievethatwritershaveacceptedvariouscontradictoryideasandtrendsofthought.Whentherealsituationchanges,hewilladjusthisthoughtsintimetodealwithit,buttheresearcherfoundthatnomatterwhattendencyheshowed,thewriterhasalwayscherishedthehumanisticrationalvaluesincetheenlightenment,andconsistentlyadheredtothehumanitarianstandpoint.4.BalzacintheperspectiveofcomparativeliteratureBalzachasalonghistoryofdisseminationinChina.TherehavebeenworksonreceptionandcommunicationonthetranslationandacceptanceofBalzac’sworksinChina.Forexample,JiangFangfromHengyangNormalUniversityin"BalzacinChina"Thebookintroducesindetailthetranslation,introduction,researchandacceptanceofBalzac'sworksinChina.TherearealsomanyscholarswhohavestudiedBalzac’screationfromtheperspectiveofcombiningwithotherdisciplines,suchasLuoLihong’smaster'sthesis"OnPaintingandBalzac’sLiteraryViewandNovelCreation"(2007)fromXiangtanUniversity.Fromtheperspectiveoflearning,itisconcludedthatthewriter’sseriesofinnovationsanddevelopmentsintheartoffictionareduetohiscomprehensionandabsorptionoftheartofpainting;TherelationshipbetweenKrandParisisdeveloped,fromtheperspectiveofculturalgeography,heanalyzesthewriter'slifechoicesandvalueorientationintheprocessoflivinginParis,anddiscussesthechangeprocessoffissionandintegrationduetotheinfluenceofurbantemperament.5.ImageanalysisinBalzac'sworksThistypeofresearchanalyzesoneormoreofBalzac'simages,anditisalsoanaspectwithmoreresearchresults.PapersonindividualimageresearchincludeChenLilian'smaster'sthesis"Disillusionmentoflifeandself-decision:AnalysisofLucian'simageinBalzac's"Disillusionment""(2008),whichanalyzesLucian'simagefromtheperspectiveofhumannature.,Revealsthefragilityofhumannatureinthefaceoftemptation;DongQunzhi’s"TheWatcherofLove—InterpretationoftheImageofEugenieGrandet"(JournalofZhoukouNormalUniversity,2003,Volume20,Issue4)focusedonshowingEugeneTheangeliccharacterofGrandetisatypicalrepresentativeoftheidealimageinthewriter'spen,whichshowsthatBalzacisnotonlygoodatexposingthe"badnessofhumanity"whenperformingcharacters,butalsohopestoconveythehopeof"goodnessofhumanity"byshapingtheidealmoralimageThereisalsoapaperthatcomparesindividualimagesinBalzac’swritings.YangRong’s"SuccessandDisillusionment:AComparisonofRastignacandLucien"(JournalofHebeiNormalUniversity,1993,Issue4)willfocusonthemotivation,strategy,ComparethetwotypicalimagesofRastignacandLucien,withsimilarroadsbutoppositeendings,andanalyzethedifferencesinbirthandpersonalitybetweenthetwo,andthereasonsfortheirdifferentendings;"ADiscussiononShakespeare,Balzac,andGogoTheArtisticImagesofThreeMisersinLi'sWritings"(JournalofSouthwestUniversityforNationalities(HumanitiesandSocialSciencesEdition),Issue9of2004),analyzesthethreemiserableimagesfromthetimeenvironmentandlifeexperienceofthecreationsubjectandobjectTheartisticvalueembodied.Theanalysisofthegroupimageisthemaster'sthesisofXiangtanUniversityDengJiemen,"OnBalzac'sFemaleImageinUnhappyMarriageandItsCulturalConnotation"(2011),whichdividesthewriter'sfemaleimageinunhappymarriageintothreeClasses,namelyvirtuous,abandonedandcrazy,throughclassificationanalysis,expressthewriter'scriticismofthe"monetization"oflove,thedenialof"evil"andthepraiseof"good",showingthewriter'sreligiousthoughtsofpersuadinggoodness.2.2CurrentstatusofforeignresearchForeignresearchonBalzachasstartedsincehewasalive,andtheresearchonvariousaspectsofthewriter'screationhasneverstoppedformorethanonehundredyears.Sincethe19th-centuryFrenchliterarycriticDannerpublished"OnBalzac"in1858,hecomparedBalzacwithliterarymasterssuchasShakespeareandMolière,andarousedwidespreadattentionfromcritics.Theliterarystatusofthewriterintheliteraryandartisticcircles.InFrance,thereisaspecialBalzacResearchAssociation,andthejournal"BalzacAnnals"wascreated,andvariousresearchpapersandmonographshaveawiderangeofopinions.Onthewhole,foreignresearchonBalzacmainlyincludesthefollowingaspects:1.ResearchonBalzac'spersonallifeManybiographiesofBalzachavebeenpublishedinthisarea.Amongthem,Balzac'sbiographiespublishedinthe19thandearly20thcenturies,whichareclosertothetimeofBalzac'slife,havehighreferencevalue.Amongthemarethe"BiographyofBalzac"(1920)byStephenZweigofAustriaand"TheBiographyofBalzac"(1965)byAndréMoloyaofFrance,whichhelpedlaterscholarsunderstandBalzac.Thelegendarylifeprovidesawealthofinformation.2.AnalysisofBalzac'soriginalmanuscriptFrenchresearchersalsocollectedalargenumberofmanuscriptscreatedbyBalzac,includingBalzac'shandwrittenmanuscripts,proofreadingmanuscripts,essaysandletters.ThecorrespondencebetweenBalzacandhismother,sister,andMrs.Hanskawaspublishedintheearly20thcenturyandisaprecioustextforstudyingBalzac'screationandthought.Researchersconductdetailedobservationsandcomparativeanalysisofthesemanuscripts,tryingtoanalyzethewriter'screativepsychologyandideologicaltendenciesthroughhistoricalevidence,handwritingidentification,psychologicalresearch,languageinferenceandothermethods.3.Explorationoftheauthor'screativemethodsandideologicaltendenciesThereisadiachroniccluetothestudyofBalzac’screativemethodsandideologicaltendenciesabroad:thecriticsofBalzac’scontemporariesoncecriticizedhimfordescribingtoomanyimmoralphenomena;andhisfriendFelicSDavinrecognizedtheheightofBalzac’screation,andwrotetwoprefacesto"ComedyonEarth"-"IntroductiontoPhilosophicalStudies"And"Introductionto"NineteenthCenturyResearchonCustoms","pointedouttheblamelessmoralityandthehighdegreeofartistrypresentedinPap'sworksfordefense;thepositivistliterarycriticofthelate19thcentury,Saint-BeufHebelievesthatalthoughBalzac’swritingstyleisnotperfect,hisrealisticdescriptionreflectsthe“moralreality”ofsociety;thenextBrandeisabsorbedtheresultsofpreviousstudiesandintegratedtheirtheoreticalstrengths."MainstreamofLiteratureintheNineteenthCentury"combinesBalzac’slifewiththestudyofcreativepsychologyandthestudyoftheexternalenvironmentsuchastheeraandsociety,andgivesananalysisofthescientifictruth,highdegreeofsystematization,andrichimaginationinBalzac’screation.Affirmative;thenaturalistwriterZolalearnedfromBalzacatrue-to-realitywritingmethod;theMarxistliterarycriticismschoolismostfamousforthecommentsin"EngelstoMarHacknes".Engelsproceededfromthehumanitarianpointofview,SummarizesBalzac’scriticalrealistapproachof"shapingatypicalcharacterinatypicalenvironment"andbelievesthatheis"arealistmastermuchgreaterthanallZolainthepast,present,andfuture."DelaireseizedBalzac’sperformanceof"ugliness"anddefinedhimas"apassionateinsight";Proust,theoriginatorofthestreamofconsciousnessnovel,inadditiontoreiteratinghispredecessors'evaluationofBalzacHealsohighlypraisedtheuseofhis"characterrepresentationmethod",believingthatthismethodnotonlypromotestheplotofthenovel,butalsomakespeoplefeelthecontinuityoftime,thegrowthofthecharactersandthechangesinsociety.ProustthenbegantocreateThismethodhasbeenabsorbedandusedforreference;whilecontemporaryliterarycriticismisbasedonsubverting"realism"tocreateanewwritingmode.ThetraditionalfictionmodelcreatedbyKehasanimpact,opposingtheconsistentevaluationofBalzac's"authenticity",thinkingthathiscreationismorebasedonhisownimagination,contrarytoreality,andsoon.IntheprocessofresearchonBalzac’screativemethodsandideologicaltendencies,variousliterarytrendshavenotonlyabsorbedtheempiricalbasisofpredecessors,butalsoconstantlyre-examinedandconstructedtheirownliteraryconcepts.Balzac’sworksandworkshavemadeprogressinliterarytheory.Itisacontributionthatcannotbeunderestimated.4.ComparisonwithotherwritersAmongtheessaysaboutBalzacthatcanbefoundintheJSTORdatabaseofpastjournalsinWesternlanguages,alargepartisaboutthecomparativeanalysisbetweenhimandotherwriters.AmongthemareBalzacandZola,Dickens,TuoComparisonofwriterssuchasStoyevsky,O'Neill,Wagner,Proust,HenryJames,Keats,Joyceandsoon.Someoftheseessaysstartfromthecomparisonofcreativemethods,whileothersfocusonthecomparisonofliteraryideas.Intheprocessofcomparison,Balzac'sliterarycharacteristicsaremoreprominentlydemonstrated.OtherperspectivesWiththecontinuousenrichmentandinnovationofliterarytheory,theperspectivesofBalzac'sresearchabroadhavealsobeenrefreshed.ProustjudgedBalzac'scharacterrepresentationmethodfromtheperspectiveofthepassageoftime;RolandBarthesThebook"S/Z"expoundsthediversityofBalzac'stext;DanneranalyzesBalzac'screationfromtheperspectiveofartin"PhilosophyofArt";DavidHarveyin"TheCityofParis"1ThebookclarifiestheinfluenceoftheurbancultureofParisonthewriter'screationfromtheperspectiveofculturalgeography...ThedevelopmentoftheseinnovativeperspectiveshasopenedanewwindowforBalzac'sresearch.2.3Balzac'swritingbackground2.3.1Balzac'spersonalexperienceThefocusofthecreationofrealistnovelsinthe19thcenturyisgenerally"typicalcharactersintypicalenvironments."Asarepresentativewriterofrealism,Balzachascreatedalargenumberofcharactersthathavebecomeclassicsthathavebeencirculatedforcenturies.China'sBalzaccommentarytookshapeafterthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.Thespecialhistoricalbackgroundmade"criticalrealism"thevaluestandardandtheoreticalframeworkofBalzaccommentary.Thecharacterimageresearchformedunderthisstandardandframeworkgenerallyfocusesonitssocialcriticalside,whichiswhytheacademiccirclesmostlyfocusonthosecharacterswithmoraldefects.However,whenourreadingenvironmenthasundergonefundamentalchanges,wewillbeabletolookatWesternhistoryandrealitymoreobjectivelyandfairly,andthe"positive"imageinBalzac'sworkswillnaturallyshowitsduevaluewiththechangesofthetimes.However,asafamoustraditionalwriter,inrecentyears,amidstthetrendofnewresearch,thedomesticresearchonPap'sworkshasnotpaidmuchattentionandtheresearchonhispositiveimageisevenrarer.Therefore,theauthortriedtocutinfromtheperspectiveofmoralityandethics,focusingonanalyzingthepositiveimagesandtransformingmoralimagesthatcarrythemoralvalues​​ofhumannaturein"ComedyonEarth",anddiscoverwhatthewritersaid:"Wherecansocietyproduceexactlythesameamountofgooddeedsanddeeds?Baddeeds!InthesocialpictureIhavedescribed,therearestillmorehiddenvirtuesthanthecriminalswhoshouldbepunished."2.3.2BalzacandParisHonorédeBalzacisamasterofFrenchrealistliteratureinthenineteenthcenturyandoneofthemostaccomplishednovelistsinthehistoryofEuropeanliterature.Balzachascreatedaseriesofliterarymodels,whichrunthroughthevariouschaptersof"ComedyonEarth".Earlyinthesummerof1883in"Yeni?BeforeGrandetandOldManGocameout,Balzachadtheideaof​​linkingtheworkssince"TheShouangParty",andsoonhesignedacontractwiththepublishertopublishtwelvevolumes.BalzacwasinspiredbyDante'swork"HolyComedy",sohedecidedtonamehiscollectionofworks"HumanComedy"anddeterminedahugecreativeplan.Thecompletionof"OldManGao"marksthematurityofthecharactersystemof"ComedyonEarth".Balzac'sseriesofliterarymodelsportrayedin"OldManGao"hasbecomethesourceofthecharacterimagesinhislaterworks.Sothisarticletakes"OldManGao"asanexampletoanalyzethefouraspectsofBalzac'scharactercreationart:thecombinationofenvironmentaldescriptionandcharacterdescription,thedialecticalmethodofcombiningvirtualandreal,richrhetoricalmethods,andtheindividualizationoftypicalcharacters.2.3.3Balzac'senvironmentaldescriptionHonorédeBalzacisoneofthemostimportantcriticalrealistnovelistsinFranceinthe19thcentury.Throughalargenumberoflong-termliterarycreations,hehascreatedaseriesofcharacterscontrolledbystrongemotionssuchashatred,ambition,andgreed.His"ComedyonEarth"has91novels,whichprofoundlyportrayalllevelsandclassesofFrenchsociety."ComedyonEarth"notonlyhasalargenumberofcharacters,complexplots,andprofoundthemes,butalsoembodiesaveryhighartisticlevelinthedescriptionoftheenvironment.Startingfromspecificworks,thisarticlebrieflyintroducestheenvironmentaldescriptionin"HumanComedy",analyzesthecharacteristicsandfunctionsofthisnaturalandsocialenvironmentaldescription,andmakesasimpleevaluationofthisenvironmentaldescriptiontechniqueonthisbasis..Balzacwasborninamiddle-classfamilyinToursinFrancein1799.Hehadakeeninterestinliteraturewhenhewasachild.Althoughhestudiedlaw,aftergraduation,despitethestrongoppositionofhisparents,heresolutelyembarkedontheroadofliterarycreation.Hisfirstwork-"Cromwell"hasreceivedunanimouscriticismfromreaders.Afterthat,Balzacwentintobusinessandranabusiness,butfailedmiserably.Thefailureoftheserieslefthimheavilyindebtandhislifewasinadifficultsituation.Inthiskindofhardlife,Balzacexperiencedthecoldnessofthecapitalistsocietyandthehardshipsofordinarypeople'slife,andevenmoreexperiencedthepowerofmoney,allofwhichaccumulatedlifeexperienceforhisfutureliterarycreation.BalzaclivedinaneraofturbulenceaftertheFrenchbourgeoisrevolution,whenclassstrugglesandpoliticalchangeswerealsoveryfrequent.Inthefiercestruggle,theemergingbourgeoisiegraduallyreplacedtheoldaris