新概念英语第三册Lesson10课堂笔记

Lesson10“泰坦尼克”号的沉没Thegreatship,Titanic,sailedforNewYorkfromSouthamptononApril10th,1912.巨轮“泰坦尼克”号1912年4月10日从南安普敦起锚驶向纽约。Shewascarrying1,316passengersandacrewof891.船上载有1,316名乘客与891名船员。Evenbymodernstandards,the46,000tonTitanicwasacolossalship.却使用现代标准来衡量，45,000吨的“泰坦尼克”号与算得上一艘巨轮了。Atthattime,however,shewasnotonlythelargestshipthathadeverbeenbuilt,当时，这艘轮船不仅是造船史上建造的最大的一艘船，butwasregardedasunsinkable,forshehadsixteenwatertightcompartments.而且也被认为是不会沉没的。因为船由16个密封舱组成，Eveniftwoofthesewereflooded,shewouldstillbeabletofloat.即使有两个舱进水，仍可漂浮的水面上。Thetragicsinkingofthisgreatlinerwillalwaysberemembered,forshewentdownonherfirstvoyagewithheavylossoflife.然而，这艘巨轮首航就下沉，造成大批人员死亡。人们将永远记着这艘巨轮的沉没惨剧。Fourdaysaftersettingout,whiletheTitanicwassailingacrosstheicywatersoftheNorthAtlantic,“泰坦尼克”起航后的第4天，它正行驶在北大西洋冰冷的海面上。ahugeicebergwassuddenlyspottedbyalookout.突然，了望员发现一座冰山。Afterthealarmhadbeengiven,thegreatshipturnedsharplytoavoidadirectcollision.警报响过不久，巨轮急转弯，以避免与冰山正面相撞。TheTitanicturnedjustintime,narrowlymissingtheimmensewalloficewhichroseover100feetoutofthewaterbesideher.“泰坦尼克”这个弯拐得及时，紧贴着高出海面100英尺的巨大的冰墙擦过去。Suddenly,therewasaslighttremblingsoundfrombelow,andthecaptainwentdowntoseewhathadhappened.突然，从船舱下部传来一声微颤音，船长走下船舱去查看究竟。Thenoisehadbeensofaintthatnoonethoughthattheshiphadbeendamaged.由于这个声音非常轻，没人会想到船身已遭损坏。Below,thecaptainrealizedtohishorrorthattheTitanicwassinkingrapidly,在下面，船长惊恐的地发现“泰坦尼克”号正在急速下沉，forfiveofhersixteenwatertightcompartmentshadalreadybeenflooded!16个密封舱已有5个进水。Theordertoabandonshipwasgivenandhundredsofpeopleplungedintotheicywater.于是，他发出弃船的命令，几百人跳进了冰冷刺骨的海水里。Astherewerenotenoughlifeboatsforeverybody,1,500liveswerelost.由于没有足够的救生艇运载所有乘客，结果，1,500人丧生。笔记Newwordsandexpression生词和短语Southamptonn.南安普敦（英国港市）Colossaladj.庞大的（=largeinsize）--AshipTitanicwascolossal.--Acolossalmonument/Acolossalstatuebig--Yougivemeabigsurprise.--Heisabigperson.（重要）--Theboxisbig.（largeandheavy）large（体积大、数量大）--anemptylargebox（体积大）/alargenumberofpeople（数量大）great（伟大）vast（辽阔、广阔）--vastdesertimmense（adj.极广大的,无边的）--immense=immeasurable不可测量的（measurableadj.可测量的）--animmensestadium/animmenseicebergenormous（重点突出数量、程度、体积）---强调程度时比big语气,且更正式。--Wehadanenormouslunch.--Hemadeabigsuccess./Hemadeanenormoussuccess.Giant（n.巨人,大力士adj.庞大的,巨大的）=gigantic（adj.巨人般的,巨大的）--agiantpersontremendous（=big、fast、powerful）--Theplaneistravellingattremendousspeed.Titanic（用于修饰人和物、体积大、力量大）--Theshipistitanic.Huge--强调体积大ahugestone/数量巨大ahugesumofmoneywatertightadj.不漏水的（--awatertightship）watertight（引申为无限可击的、毫无破绽的）--watertightarguments无懈可击的论点/watertightexcuse毫无破绽的借口waterproof（adj.防水的）proof（adj.不能透入的）--waterproofwatch防水手表/waterproofcoat防水雨衣compartmentn.（轮船的）密封舱floodv.充满水（=befilledwithwater）--Theshipisflooded.--Theroomwasfloodedwithmoonlight.--Ourclassroomisfloodedwithsunshine.Floodn.洪水（--inflood洪水泛滥）--Duringtherains,theriverisinflood引申表示连续不断的、滔滔不绝的（--inafloodofwords）--Sheblamedherhusbandinafloodofwordsonseeinghim.Floatv.漂浮,飘浮=drift（vi,vt漂浮,漂荡,漂流n.漂流物,漂流）tragicadj.悲惨的（=unfortunate）--atragicaccidentmiserable（adj.痛苦的,悲惨的）bitteradj.痛苦的tragedyn.悲剧,惨案（--intragedy以悲剧形式）--Theholidayendedintragedy.Comedyn.喜剧comicadj.喜剧的,滑稽的comicaladj.古怪的,可笑的（含有贬义）linern.班船voyagen.航行（海上航行）/flight飞行/journey长途行程--Thevoyageismorethantheoldladycanbear.navigation航海,航行学,航海[航空]术--navigationlight夜航灯光,导航灯Icebergn.冰山lookoutn.了望员collisionn.碰撞collidevi碰撞,抵触--Theplanecollidedwiththemountain.crashv.坠毁--Itissaidthatthereisanairplanethatcrashedinthemountains.conflictvi.和某事（某人）相抵触--Myideaconflictswithyours.clashvi.相冲突--Hisweddingclashedwithmyexamination,soIcouldn'tgo.Narrowlyadv.刚刚，勉强地missv.避开slightadj.轻微的tremblev.震颤（有规律的、小幅度的抖动）--Look,yourhandsaretrembling.what'swrongwithyou?Shiverv.强调由于寒冷、惧怕而一连串地抖动--Ifoundhe'sshiveringinacold.shuddervi.强调全身的颤栗--Theboyisshuddering,why?Becausehewasfrightened.Faintadj.微弱的（=weakadj.弱的,虚弱的）--faintsound,weaksound/weakvoice,faintvoice=unconscious（adj.失去知觉,无意识的）--Hehasbeenfaintforalongtime.slightadj.轻微的,微不足道的--aslightheadache点轻微的头疼/aslightbook一本微不足道的书horrorn.恐惧abandonv.抛弃（因为某事而被迫放弃自己喜爱的事物）--Heabandonedhisresearchbecauseofthewar.desert（vt.放弃,遗弃,离弃）--desertthearmy/deserttheduty/deserthisfamilyplungev.投入，跳入（=jumporrushsuddenlyandwildly）--Hegotsoangrythatheplungeintothewater.--WhentheshipTitanicsankintheocean,alargenumberofpeopleplungedinto...jump（侧重强调快速地跳）--Theboyisjumpingupanddown.Leapvt.跳跃,跳越（--Heleaptoutofthesleepingbad.）Divevi.潜水,跳水,下潜,俯冲lifeboatn.救生船passengern.乘客,旅客crewn.全体人员tonn.吨,大量,许多unsinkableadj.不会下沉的，不会沉底的sinkingn.沉没Atlanticn.大西洋adj.大西洋的Alarmn.警报Sharplyadj.突然地,急剧地,强烈地,尖锐地Directadj.直接的,笔直的Tremblingadj.发抖的,震颤的,颤抖的n.发抖,震颤Text课文Whatwouldhavehappenedifonlytwoofthesixteenwater-tightcompartmentshadbeenflooded?Thegreatship,Titanic,sailedforNewYorkfromSouthamptononApril10th,1912.Thegreatship,Titanic,sailedfor...背景介绍sailfor…航海去往某处setoutfor/setofffor出发去往某处leavefor/headfor/makefor出发去往某处--HewillsetoutfortheAtlantic.--Theplaneismakingfortheairport.--WeareheadingforCanada.Shewascarrying1,316passengersandacrewof891.Shewascarrying...（carry表示载有）acrewof一组人员Evenbymodernstandards,the46,000tonTitanicwasacolossalship.modernstandards现代的标准by=accordingto表示依据--byregulation依据规则（regulationn.规则,规章）--byrules依据条例（rulen.规则,惯例）--byourestimate依据我们的估计（estimaten.估计,估价,评估v.估计,估价,评估）--byone'slooks=byone'sappearance根据某人的长相（appearancen.外貌,出现）accordingto…依据（事实、课文等客观存在的现实）--accordingtothefact依据事实--accordingtotheText课文依据这篇课文inaccordancewith=accordingtoinaccordancewith…依据（法律等），更加正式--inaccordancewithlaw/inaccordancewithrulesinmyopinion在我看来Atthetime,however,shewasnotonlythelargestshipthathadeverbeenbuilt,butwasregardedasunsinkable,forshehadsixteenwatertightcompartments.Atthattime在当时notonly...but(also)...不仅…而且…beregardedas=beconsideredtobe=bethoughtofas把...看作为口语中：regardsb./sth.As+(n./porn./adj./doing/done)--Iregardhisideaastotallyunacceptable.（adj.无法接受的,不受欢迎的）--Wecan'tregardthematterassettled.（adj.定下的,决定的）for表示原因Eveniftwoofthesewereflooded,shewouldstillbeabletofloat.beableto强调有能力Thetragicsinkingofthisgreatlinerwillalwaysberemembered,forshewentdownonherfirstvoyagewithheavylossoflife.beremembered被永远记住（alwaysadv.永远,始终,总是）godown=sinkonherfirstvoyage处女航,首航withheavylossoflife损失惨重,造成大批人员的死亡Fourdaysaftersettingout,whiletheTitanicwassailingacrosstheicywateroftheNorthAtlantic,hugeicebergwassuddenlyspottedbyalookout.fourdaysaftersettingout...=fourdaysaftersettingoff...spotted=discoveredicy（adj.冰冷的,冷淡的,盖着冰的）waters（n.水域,海域）Afterthealarmhadbeengiven,thegreatshipturnedsharplytoavoidadirectcollision.thealarmhadbeengiven发出警报toavoid...不定式表目的TheTitanicturnedjustintime,narrowlymissingtheimmensewalloficewhichroseover100feetoutofthewaterbesideher.Justintime很及时Missing…现在分词做状语,对主句的补充说明which指代theimmensewalloficeSuddenly,therewasaslighttremblingsoundfrombelow,andthecaptainwentdowntoseewhathadhappened.frombelow从下方/fromabove从上方Thenoisehadbeensofaintthatnoonethoughthattheshiphadbeendamaged.Sofaintthatnoonethoughtthat...（so...that…）Below,thecaptainrealizedtohishorrorthattheTitanicwassinkingrapidly,forfiveofhersixteenwatertightcompartmentshadalreadybeenflooded!toone'shorror使某人感到惊恐toone'ssurprise使某人感到惊讶Theordertoabandonshipwasgivenandhundredsofpeopleplungedintotheicywater.Theorderwasgiven命令被下达/toabandonship弃船（不定式做定语）--beabletodosth能够做某事/theabilitytodosth做某事的能力--ordersbtodosth命令某人做某事/theordertodosth做某事的命令--becapableofdoingsth有能力做某事/capabilityofdoingsth做某事的能力ability（n.能力,才干）capable（adj.有能力的,能干的,有可能的）capability（n.能力,才能,才干）Astherewerenotenoughlifeboatsforeverybody,1,500liveswerelost.As=becauseSpecialdifficulties难点1>动词后加-er如果是以不发音的e结尾的,只加r（表示行为的主动者,做某事的人）。workworker/teachteacher/writewriter/readreadermurder（vt.谋杀,凶杀）murderer（n.杀人犯,凶手）2>动词、名词后加-ist（表示某种主义信仰者,从事某种职业、研究的人。）Copycopyist（n.抄写员,模仿者）typetypist（n.打字员）novel（n.小说,长篇故事）novelist（n.小说作家）drug（n.药）druggist（n.药商,药剂师）tobacco（n.烟草,烟草制品）tobacconist（n.烟草商,烟店）3>形容词后加-ness（抽象名词,表示一种性质、情况、状态）kindkindness（n.仁慈,亲切,好意,善意）bitterbitterness（n.苦味,辛酸,苦难）happyhappiness（n.幸福,快乐）---以结尾要变y为i加ness.willing（adj.乐意的,自愿的）willingness（n.自动自发,积极肯干）4>某些动词后加-ion,构成名词。Suggestsuggestionpossess（vt.占有,拥有,持有）possession（n.拥有,占有）collectcollection（n.收藏,搜集品）以-te结尾的动词,把不发音的-e去掉,在加-ion.Translate（vt.翻译,解释,转化）translation（n.翻译,译文,转化）completecompletion（n.完成）graduate（v.(使)(大学)毕业）graduation（n.毕业,毕业典礼）某些以-aim/-ain结尾的动词、把-i去掉，在加-ation.Explain（v.解释,说明）explanation（n.解释,解说,说明）Exclaim（v.呼喊,惊叫,大声叫）exclamation（n.惊叫,喊叫）5>（以-able/-ible结尾的）形容词之后加-ity变成（以-ability/-ibility结尾的）抽象名词（表示性质、状态）ableabilityprobable（adj.很可能的,大概的）probability（n.可能性,或然性,概率）possible（adj.可能的）possibility（n.可能性,可能发生的事物）mobile（adj.可移动的,机动的）mo