新概念英语第三册Lesson27笔记

Lesson27Nothingtosellandnothingtobuy🌻Part1:TextIthasbeensaidthateveryonelivesbysellingsomething.Inthelightofthisstatement,teacherslivebysellingknowledge,philosophersbysellingwisdomandpriestsbysellingspiritualcomfort.Thoughitmaybepossibletomeasurethevalueofmaterialgoodsintermsofmoney,itisextremelydifficulttoestimatethetruevalueoftheserviceswhichpeopleperformforus.Therearetimeswhenwewouldwillinglygiveeverythingwepossesstosaveourlives,yetwemightgrudgepayingasurgeonahighfeeforofferinguspreciselythisservice.Theconditionsofsocietyaresuchthatskillshavetobepaidforinthesamewaythatgoodsarepaidforatashop.Everyonehassomethingtosell.Trampsseemtobetheonlyexceptiontothisgeneralrule.Beggarsalmostsellthemselvesashumanbeingstoarousethepityofpassers-by.Butrealtrampsarenotbeggars.Theyhavenothingtosellandrequirenothingfromothers.Inseekingindependence,theydonotsacrificetheirhumandignity.Atrampmayaskyouformoney,buthewillneveraskyoutofeelsorryforhim.HehasdeliberatelychosentoleadthelifeheleadsandisfullyawareoftheconsequencesHe,mayneverbesurewherethenextmealiscomingfrom,butheisfreefromthethousandsofanxietieswhichafflictotherpeople.Hisfewmaterialpossessionmakeitpossibleforhimtomovefromplacetoplacewithease-Byhavingtosleepintheopen,hegetsfarclosertotheworldofnaturethanmostofuseverdo.Hemayhunt,beg,orstealoccasionallytokeephimselfalive;hemayevenintimesofrealneed,doalittlework;buthewillneversacrificehisfreedom.Weoftenspeakoftrampswithcontemptandputtheminthesameclassasbeggars,buthowmanyofuscanhonestlysaythatwehavenotfeltalittleenviousoftheirsimplewayoflifeandtheirfreedomfromcare?图片🌻Part2:Newwordsandexpressions1.philosopher[fi'lɔsәfә]n.哲学家2.wisdom['wizdәm]n.智慧3.priest[pri:st]n.牧师4.spiritual['spiritjuәl]a.精神上的5.grudge[grʌdʒ]v.不愿给，舍不得给6.surgeon['sә:dʒәn]n.外科大夫7.passer-byn.过路人(复数passers-by)8.dignity['digniti]n.尊严9.deliberately[di'libәritli]ad.故意地10.consequence['kɔnsikwәns]n.后果，结果11.afflict[ә'flikt]v.使苦恼，折磨12.ease[i:z]n.容易13.nature['neitʃә]n.大自然14.contempt[kәn'tempt]n.蔑视15.envious['enviәs]a.嫉妒的🍂🍂🍂🍂🍂🍂🍂🍂🍂🍂🍂🍂★philosopher[fi'lɔsәfә]n.哲学家naturalphilosopher自然哲学家,物理学家takethingslikeaphilosopher达观世事★wisdom['wizdәm]n.智慧worldlywisdom世故wisdomteeth智齿amanofwisdom有智慧的例句：Wegrowinwisdomaswegrowolder.我们随着年龄增长而更加明智。Aflowofwordsisnoproofofwisdom.口若悬河，不能证明真有才智。★priest[pri:st]n.牧师theofficiatingpriest司祭confesstoapriest向牧师忏悔priestofart艺术大师例句：Thepriestpersuadedhimtogiveuphisbadhabit.牧师劝他放弃坏习惯。★spiritual['spiritjuәl]a.精神上的spiritualbeauty内在美spiritualrequirements精神上的需要例句：Readingbooksisman'sspiritualneeds.读书是人类精神上的需要。Hisspiritualnatureisgood.他心灵上本质是善良的。❤️spiritn.精神bein(good〔high〕)spirits喜气洋洋,快活,兴高采烈★grudge[grʌdʒ]v.不愿给，舍不得给grudgesb'sjob嫉妒某人的工作grudgemoney吝惜钱财例：Hegrudgestopayhistaxes.他不愿意纳税。Hegrudgeseverypennyhehastospend.他吝惜他不得不花的每一分钱。★surgeon['sә:dʒәn]n.外科大夫dentalsurgeon牙医plasticsurgeon整形外科★passer-byn.过路人(复数passers-by)★dignity['digniti]n.尊严1.beneathone'sdignityHewoulddonothingbeneathhisdignity.他决不愿意干任何有损自身尊严的事。2.Therealdignityofamanliesinwhatheis,notinwhathehas.一个人的真正尊严在于他的品格，而非他的财富。3.loseone'sdignity丢面子，失去尊严stand/keeponone’sdignity保持自己的尊严★deliberately[di'libәritli]ad.故意地Youhavedeliberatelyactedagainstmywishes.你故意和我的想法对著干。He'sbeingdeliberatelyobtuse.他装糊涂。★consequence['kɔnsikwәns]n.后果，结果asaconsequence因此inconsequenceof由于…的缘故,由于例句：Inconsequenceofhisbadconducthewasdismissed.由于行为不良，他被开除了。Bothsidesthinkofthepointasofnoconsequence.双方都认为这一点不重要。★afflict[ә'flikt]v.使苦恼，折磨beafflictedatsb'sfailure为某人失败而难过beafflictedwith为…所折磨，苦于…例句：Iwishyouwouldn'tafflictmewithyourconstantcomplaints.希望你不要老是埋怨,让我感到难受。Hewasafflictedwithcancer.他患了癌症。Hefeltmuchafflictedatthenews.听到那个消息，他感到很难受。★ease[i:z]n.容易1.n.容易；悠闲；withease轻易,毫不费劲Theyareexpectedtowintheelectionwithease.预计他们在竞选中能够轻易获胜。2.v.减轻；放松；缓和；easeone'smind使放心Itwouldeasemymindtoknowwherehewas.要知道他在哪儿我就放心了。3.atease舒服Hestayedhomeatease.他在家舒服的呆着❤️adj.easy容易的★nature['neitʃә]n.大自然humannature人性mothernature大自然Infact,natureismuchbetteratrecyclingthanwehumansare.事实上,自然界在再循环方面比人类做得更好。★contempt[kәn'tempt]n.蔑视incontemptof不顾Theyshowednothingbutcontemptforhim.他们对他轻蔑已极。2.bringintocontempt使···丢尽面Suchbehaviorwillbringyouintocontempt.这样的行为会使你丢人现眼★envious['enviәs]a.嫉妒的enviousof妒忌HewascontemptuousofBulwer'snovels,butenviousoftheirsuccess.🌻Part3:Notesonthetext★Ithasbeensaidthateveryonelivesbysellingsomething.Inthelightofthisstatement,teacherslivebysellingknowledge,philosophersbysellingwisdomandpriestsbysellingspiritualcomfort.1.Ithasbeensaid=itissaidthat据说2.liveby:依靠某种职业为生liveon依靠某种食物维持生命，或靠某人生活e.g:Sheepandcowsliveongrasses.3.Inthelightof=inlightof根据,按照=accordingto=takingintoaccount=inaccordancewith:依据(法律)（更加正式）Inthelightofthisstatement是经典的引出论据的过渡句4.philosopher哲人Phil(o)这个前缀表示“loving”,即喜欢…的两词根构成的其他词：Philobiblic爱书的，爱文学的Sophomore大二学生（有点智慧了）Sophisticated世故的，老练的5.Wisdomn.智慧（wiseadj.英明的,明智的,聪明的）e.g:Heisamanofwisdom.=Heisawiseman.cutone'swisdomteeth开始懂事★Thoughitmaybepossibletomeasurethevalueofmaterialgoodsintermsofmoney,itisextremelydifficulttoestimatethetruevalueoftheserviceswhichpeopleperformforus.1.句式：itispossibletodosth可能2.intermsof关于，谈到···=inrespectof（关于,就…来说）,=in/withregardto（关于）,3.句式：itis+adv+difficulttodosth做某事很困难Itisdifficulttofinishtheplanbeforetheendofthismonth.★Therearetimeswhenwewouldwillinglygiveeverythingwepossesstosaveourlives,yetwemightgrudgepayingasurgeonahighfeeforofferinguspreciselythisservice.Theconditionsofsocietyaresuchthatskillshavetobepaidforinthesamewaythatgoodsarepaidforatashop.Everyonehassomethingtosell.1.Therearetimeswhen=sometimes有时2.would,表达一种心理的愿望,并不表示过去。3.willinglybewillingtodo愿意做某事，乐意做某事。e.g:Hecherishesfriendshipandiswillingtodoanythingforhisfriends.4.grudgevt.吝啬,不愿给,勉强给grudge+doing/n.e.g:Hegrudgedpayingsomuchmoneyforthebooks.5.句式分析suchthatskills...waythat...整个句子是一个系表结构，suchthat...是表语部分。such代词，为句中的先行词，指这样的事物（人），that引导同位语从句;inthesamewaythatgoodsarepaidforatashop是一个状语，表示方式，修饰前面的skillshavetobepaidfor.在这个状语短语中，thatgoodsarepaidforatashop是一个定语从句，修饰sameway★Trampsseemtobetheonlyexceptiontothisgeneralrule.Beggarsalmostsellthemselvesashumanbeingstoarousethepityofpassers-by.Butrealtrampsarenotbeggars.1.tramp，n.流浪汉；游民；徒步旅行者（有精神信仰）begger,n.乞丐;（乞讨的成分多一些）passers-byn.路人2.sell····as·····作为·····出售★Inseekingindependence,theydonotsacrificetheirhumandignity.Atrampmayaskyouformoney,buthewillneveraskyoutofeelsorryforhim.1.inseekingindependencein+v-ing（动名词）表示在····的过程中Inwaikingtotheschool，hemethisteacher.2.sacrificen.牺牲；献祭；牺牲行为；1）Vt(self-sacrifice)牺牲；舍弃；献出e.g:Shesacrificedfamilylifetohercareer...2）Vt献祭；以…为祭品e.g:Thepriestsacrificedacow.3.asksb.todosth要求某人做某事★Hehasdeliberatelychosentoleadthelifeheleadsandisfullyawareoftheconsequences.Hemayneverbesurewherethenextmealiscomingfrom,butheisfreefromthethousandsofanxietieswhichafflictotherpeople.1.Deliberately故意地=designedly/intentionallye.g:ShedeliberatelyignoredmewhenIpassedherinthemarket.deliberately:经过深思熟虑后而行事onpurpose:侧重所作行为的特殊目的2.consequencen.后果，结果inconsequence因此,inconsequenceof由于什么的缘故taketheconsequenceof承担……的后果e.g:Youhavetotaketheconsequencesoftheaccidence.3.befreefrom…不受…的影响,免于e.g:Theoldladyisneverfreefromtrouble.freefromerror没有错误,freefromcareandanxiety无忧无虑e.g:Heisleadingalifefreefromcareandanxieties.4.thousandsof数以千计的★Hisfewmaterialpossessionmakeitpossibleforhimtomovefromplacetoplacewithease-Byhavingtosleepintheopen,hegetsfarclosertotheworldofnaturethanmostofuseverdo.Hemayhunt,b