全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲(常用版)

全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲（常用版）(可以直接使用，可编辑完整版资料，欢迎下载）

前言全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲（常用版）(可以直接使用，可编辑完整版资料，欢迎下载）《全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲》是专业技术人员参加全国专业技术人员职称外语等级统一考试复习的重要资料。根据近年来英语考试情，我们组织专家对该大纲进行了审定，该大纲继续遵循“严格要求、实事求是、区别对待、逐步提高”的原则，删减了部分篇幅，对词汇做了部分调整，其专业类别和等级划分不变，即：综合、理工、卫重3个专业类别和A、B、C3个等级。专业技术人员可根据自己所从事的专业和需求，申报相应类别和级别的考试。参加考试大纲编写的专家为：刘润清、韩宝成、高秋薄、白勇、朱莉莉、李建华、柳淑华、卢志鸿、沙丽金、崔刚等同志。主持考试大纲修改的专家为：刘润清、韩宝成同志。参加考试大纲审定的专家为：方立、戴炜华、张彦斌、邱陶生、曹精华等同志。值此，我们向参加大纲编写、审定的专家及有关人员表感谢。人事部专业技术人员管理司2007年11月全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲一、概述全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试是由国家人事部组织实施的一项国家级外语考试。本考试遵循“严格要求、实事求是、区别对待、逐步提高”的原则，根据英语在不同专业领域活动中的应用特点，结合专业技术人员掌握和使用英语的实际情况，对申报不同级别专业技术职务的人员的英语水平提出了不同的要求。全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试共分三个专业类别：综合类、理工类和卫生类，每个专业类别的考试各分A、B、C三个等级。全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试于每年4月份举行。A、B、C三个等级考试的总分各为l00分，考试时间均为2小时。二、评价目标全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试重点考查应试者的阅读理解能力。考试总的评价目标是：申报A级的人员在2小时内应完成3000词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容；申报B级的人员在2小时内应完成2600词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容；申报C级的人员在2小时内应完成2200词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容。为达到上述目标，考试对应试者的英语汇量、语法知识和阅读理解能力分别提出如下要求：(一)词汇量考试所涉及的词汇和短语主要依据本大纲所附词汇表。对申报不同级别的应试者要求认知的词汇量不等：1.申报A级的人员应认知6000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语；2.申报B级的人员应认知5000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语；3.申报C级的人员应认知4000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语。(二)语法知识考试不直接对应试者所掌握的语法知识进行考查，但应试者必须掌握基本的语法知识，主要包括：1.英语句子的基本语序及其意义；2.英语句子的结构和常用句型；3.各种时、体的形式及其意义；4.各种从句的构成及其意义；5.句子中词语的所指、省略、替代、重复，以及句子之间的意义关系等。(三)阅读理解能力应试者应能综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能来理解专业的或一般内容的英语书面材料。阅读能力主要包括以下几个方面：1.掌握所读材料的主旨和大意；2.了解阐述主旨的事实和细节；3.利用上下文猜测某些词汇和短语的意义；4.既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文之间的意义关系；5.根据所读材料进行判断和推论；6.领会作者的观点、意图和态度。三、考试内容与试卷结构A、B、C三个等级的考试各由6个部分组成，每个级别的考试题型一样、题量相同，但不同级别考试总的阅读量及难易程度不同。考试主要考查应试者理解书面英语的能力。第l部分：词汇选项(第l～15题，每题l分，共15分)考查应试者理解在一定语境中单词或短语意义的能力。本部分为l5个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，要求应试者从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择l个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题l分，共7分)考查应试者识别和判断文章所提供的信息的能力。本部分为l篇300～450词的短文，短文后列出7个句子，有的句子提供的是正确信息，有的句子提供的是错误信息，有的句子的信息在短文中并未直接或间接提及。要求应试者根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题l分，共8分)考查应试者把握文章段落大意及细节的能力。本部分为l篇300450词的短文，有2项测试任务：(1)短文后有6个段落小标题，要求应试者根据文章的内容为其中指定的4个段落各选择一个正确的小标题；(2)短文后有4个不完整的句子，要求应试者在所提供的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子。第4部分；阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)考查应试者对文章主旨和细节信息的理解能力。本部分为3篇文章，每篇300～450词，每篇文章后有5道题。要求应试者根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择l个最佳答案。第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)考查应试者把握文章结构、掌握作者思路的能力。本部分为1篇300～450词的短文，文中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，其中5组取自文章本身。要求应试者根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其放回相应位置，以恢复文章原貌。第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题l分，共15分)考查应试者正确把握文章内容，以及在一定语境中准确使用词语的能力。本部分为1篇300～450词的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项，要求应试者根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择l个最佳答案。试卷结构及考查目的(总题量65题。满分l00分)题型材料类型答题要求考查目的题量分值第一部分词汇选项(四选一)15个句子给出l5个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，要求应试者从所给的4个选项中选择l个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。在一定语境下理解单词或短语的意义。1515第二部分阅读判断(三选一)1篇短文(300～450词)给出7句话，要求应试者根据文章内容做出判断(正、误、没有直接或间接提到)。识别和判断文章信息。77第三部分概括大意与完成句子(选择搭配)1篇短文(300～450词)分两部分：1.概括大意(6选4)；2.完成句子(6选4)。抓大意、掌握细节。88第四部分阅读理解(四选一)3篇短文(各300～450词)每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项，要求应试者从中选择1个最佳答案。抓主旨、掌握细节、做出判断。1545第五部分补全短文(选择搭配)1篇短文(300～450词)短文中有5处空白，要求应试者通读短文并将移出的部分重新放回短文的相应位置(6选5)。把握文章结构、作者思路。510第六部分完形填空(四选一)1篇短文(300～450词)短文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项，要求应试者从中选出1个最佳答案。正确理解文章内容。1515四、命题原则考试命题的广度和难度根据本大纲规定的范围及对应试者能力的要求而确定。命题原则如下：(一)合理安排测试项目的层次结构。本考试的重点是考查应试者的阅读理解能力，试卷的结构应充分考虑阅读理解能力的不同层次，测试不同层次能力的项目所占比重亦不相同。(二)合理安排测试项目的难度结构。本考试题目的难易程度分为易、较易、较难、难四个等级，试卷中各种难易程度题目各占一定比例。试题的难易程度和能力层次是两个不同的概念，在每个能力层次的项目中，都包含难易程度不同的题目。五、答题及计分办法考试均采用客观性试题，要求应试者从每题所给的选项中选择一个最佳答案，或根据要求选择最佳搭配。考试中，应试者应在专门设计的答题卡上作答。应试者要特别注意：做在试卷上的答案一律无效。每题只能选择一个答案。考试计分只计算答对题的数目，答错不倒扣分。

附录一：全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试各专业类别及各等级样题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题l分，共15分)下面共有l5个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择l个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。lTherearealimitednumberofbooksonthissubjectinthelibrary.AlargeBtotalCsmallDsimilar2HowdoyouaccountforyourabsencefromtheclasslastThursday?AexplainBexamineCchooseDexpand3Theyhadafarbetteryieldthananyotherfarmmilesaroundthisyear.AgoodsBsoilCclimateDharvest4Thetownisfamousforitsmagnificentchurchtowers.AancientBoldCmodernDsplendid5Haveyougotasparepen?AashortBanextraCathinDalong6Whatweretheconsequencesofthedecisionshehadmade?AreasonsBresultsCcausesDbases7Theydidn'trealizehowserioustheproblemwas.AknowBforgetCdoubtDremember8Weshallkeepthemoneyinasecureplace.AcleanBsecretCdistantDsafe9Thegreatchangesofthecityastonishedeveryvisitortothatcity.AattackedBsurprisedCattractedDinterested10Thecityhasdecidedtodoawaywithalltheoldbuildingsinitscentre.AgetridofBsetupCrepairDpaint11Argumentamongthespeakersattheconferenceisborderingonviolence.AisclosetoBisbesideCisnexttoDisalongside12Weconsumealotmorethanweareabletoproduce.AwasteBbuyCuseDsell13Sheovercameherinitialshynessandreallyenjoyedtheevenin9.AcomingBbeginningChappeningDexisting14Thefootballteam，forthemostpart，wereconfidentofwinningthematch.AmostlyBpartlyConlyDreally15Iwonderwhatyouraiminlifeis.AattitudeBsymbolCgoalDaction第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题l分，共7分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。HerculesOnceuponatimetherewasagreatGreekher0，Hercules.Hewastallerandstrongerthananyoneyouhaveeverseen.Onhisshoulderhecarriedaclubandinhishandheheldabow(弓).Hewasknownastheheroofahundredadventures.Herculesservedaking.Thekingwasafraidofhim.Soagainandagainhesenthimondifficulttasks.OnemorningthekingsentforhimandtoldhimtofetchthreegoldenapplesforhimfromthegardenoftheSingingMaidens(歌女).Butnooneknewwherethegardenwas.SoHerculeswentaway.Hewalkedthewholedayandthenextdayandthenext.Hewalkedformonthsbeforehesawmountainsfarinthedistanceonefinemorning.Oneofthemountainswasintheshapeofaman，withlong，longlegsandarmsandhugeshouldersandahugehead.Hewasholdingupthesky.HerculesknewitwasAtlas，theMountainGod：Soheaskedhimforhelp.Atlasanswered，"Myheadandarmsandshouldersallache.CouldyouholduptheskywhileIfetchthegoldenapplesforyou?"Herculesclimbedthemountainandshoulderedthesky.Soontheskygrewveryheavy.WhenfinallyAtlascamebackwiththreegoldenapples，hesaid,"Well,youaregoingtocarrythemountainforever.I'mgoingtoseethekingwiththeapples."Herculesknewthathecouldn'tfighthimbecauseoftheskyonhisback.Soheshouted："Justoneminute'shelp.Myshouldersarehurting.HoldtheskyforaminutewhileImakeacushion(垫子)formyshoulders."Atlasbelievedhim.Hethrewdowntheapplesandheldupthesky.Herculespickeduptheapplesandranbacktoseetheking.

16Herculeswasthetallestmanintheworld.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned17Herculesworkedintheking'sgarden.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned18Herculeswasgivenmanydifficulttasksbecausethekingwantedtogetridofhim.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned19Atlaswasthegodwhoheldupthesky.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned20AtlasranfasterthanHercules.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned21AtlasgotthegoldenapplesforHerculesbecausehewantedtobethekinghimself.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned22HerculesfinallymanagedtogettheapplesbydefeatingAtlas.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23—30题，每题l分，共8分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。HintsforReadingPractice1.MostofUScanfindl5minutesorhalfanhoureachdayforsomeregularactivity.Forexample，onefamoussurgeonalwaysspentl5minutesreadingsomethingbeforehewenttosleepeachday.Whetherhewenttobedatl0P.m.or2：30a.m.madenodifference.2."SpeedReading"coursesteachstudentshowtoreadmorequickly.Insuchcourses，teachersoftenaskstudentstofindouthowmanywordsaminutetheyarereading.Youcandothistoo：lookatyourwatchevery5or10minutesandwritedownthepagenumberyouhavereached.3.Obviously，youshouldnotincreaseyourreadingspeedifyoudonotunderstandwhatyouarereading.Ifyoufindsomethingyoudon'tunderstandinthebook，oryoucannotclearlyrememberthedetailsofwhatyouread,whynotreadthechapteragain?4.Takefourorfivepagesofaninterestingbookyouhappentobereadingnow.Readthesepagesasfastasyoucan.Don'tworryaboutwhetheryouunderstandornot.Ifyoukeepdoingthis"lightningspeed"readingforaperiodoftime,youwillusuallyfindthatyournormalspeedhasincreased.5.Mostparagraphsinanarticlehaveatopicsentencethatexpressesthecentralidea.Theopeningparagraphoftensuggeststhegeneraldirectionandcontentofthearticle，whileparagraphsthatfollowexpandorsupportthefirst.Theclosingparagraphoftengivesasummaryofthemostimportantpointsofthearticle.

23Paragraph224Paragraph325Paragraph426Paragraph5ATheorganizationofAnArticleBWhat'sYourReadingSpeed?CHowtoIncreaseYourReadingSpeed?DUnderstandingoverSpeedEReadSomethingEveryDayFReadExtensively27Youareadvisedtoreadsomethingbeforeyou.28In"SpeedReading"courses，teachersoftenaskstudentsto.29Youcanimproveyourreadingspeedifyou.30Itwillhelpyoutounderstandthearticleifyou.AfindthetopicsentencesBfindoutthenewwordsCkeepreadingfastDgotobedeverydayEkeeparecordoftheirreadingspeedFlookatyourwatcheveryfewminutes第4部分：阅读理解（第31—45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择l个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇FootballFootballis，Isuppose，themostpopulargameinEngland：onehasonlytogotooneoftheimportantmatchestoseethis.Richandpoor，youngandold，onecanseethemallthere，shoutingandcheeringforonesideortheother.OneofthemostsurprisingthingsaboutfootballinEnglandtoastrangeristhegreatknowledgeofthegamewhicheventhesmallestboyseemstohave.Hecantellyouthenamesoftheplayersinmostoftheimportantteams.Hehasphotographsofthemandknowstheresultsofalargenumberofmatches.Hewilltellyou，withagreatairofauthority，whoheexpectswillwinsuchandsuchamatch，andhisopinionisusuallyasvaluableasthatofmenthreeorfourtimeshisage.MostschoolsinEnglandtakefootballseriously--muchmoreseriouslythannearlyallEuropeanschools，wherelessonsareall—important(至关重要的)，andgamesareleftforprivatearrangements.InEngland，itisbelievedthateducationisnotonlyamatteroffillingaboy'smindwithfactsinaclassroom；educationalsomeanscharactertraining.Oneofthebestwaysoftrainingcharacterisbymeansofgames，especiallyteamgames，wheretheboyhastolearntoworkwithothersforhisteam，insteadofworkingselfishly(自私地)forhimselfalone.Theschoolthereforearrangesgamesandmatchesforitspupils.Footballisagoodteamgame，itisgoodexerciseforthebody，itneedsskillandaquickbrain，itispopularanditischeap.Asaresult，itistheschool'sfavoritegameinthewinter.3lInEnglandfootballisagameenjoyedAonlybyyoungpeople.Bonlybyrichpeople.Conlybyboys.Dbypeopleofallagesandclasses.32AstrangerinEnglandwillbesurprisedtofindthatinthatcountryApeoplehavelittleknowledgeoffootball.Bgirlsaremoreinterestedinfootballthanboys.Cevensmallboysknowalotaboutfootball.Dchildrenarenotinterestedinfootballatall.33ThereisagreatdifferencebetweenschoolsinEnglandandthoseinEuropeinthatAEuropeanschoolstakefootballseriously.BEuropeanschoolsoftenarrangefootballmatchesfortheirpupils.CschoolsinEnglandcarelittleaboutlessons.DschoolsinEnglandbelievecharactertrainingtobepartofeducation.34Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofthefootballgame?AItmakespeopleselfish.BItencouragescooperation.CItisgoodforhealth.DItisnotexpensive.35Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefootballgameinEngland?ACritical.BPositive.CNegative.DDoubtful.第二篇TheEnglishWeather"Othercountrieshaveaclimate：inEnglandwehaveweather."Thisstatement，oftenmadebyEnglishmentodescribethestrangeweatherconditionsoftheircountry，isbothrevealingandtrue.ItisrevealingbecauseinitweseetheEnglishmaninsistingonceagainthatwhathappensinEnglandisnotthesameaswhathappenselsewhere.Itstruthcanbeprovedbyanyforeignerwhostaysinthecountryforlongerthanafewdays.InnocountryotherthanEngland，ithasbeensaid，canoneexperiencefourseasonsinthecourseofasingleday!Daymaybreakasawarmspringmorninganhourorsolaterblackcloudsmayhaveappearedfromnowhereandtherainmaybepouringdown。Atmiddayitmaybereallywinterwiththetemperaturedownbyabouteightdegreesormorecentigrade(摄氏度).Andthen，inthelateafternoontheskywillclear，thesunwillbegintoshine，andforanhourortwobeforedarknessfalls，itwillbesummer.InEnglandonecanexperiencealmosteverykindofweatherexceptthemostextreme.(Someforeignersseemtobeundertheimpressionthatfortenmonthsoftheyearthecountryiscoveredbyadenseblanketoffog；thisisnottrue.)Theproblemisthatwenevercanbesurewhenthedifferenttypesofweatherwilloccur.Notonlydowegetseveraldifferentsortsofweatherinoneday，butwemayverywellgetaspell（持续的一段时间)ofwinterinsummerandaspellofsummerinwinter.TheuncertaintyabouttheweatherhashadadefiniteeffectupontheEnglishman'scharacter.Ittendstomakehimcautious(小心谨慎的)，forexample.TheforeignermaylaughwhenheseestheEnglishmansettingforthonabrilliantlysunnymorningwearingaraincoatandcarryinganumbrella，buthemaywellregrethislaughterlaterintheday!And，ofcourse，theweather'svarietyprovidesaconstanttopicofconversation.Eventhemosttaciturn(沉默寡言的)ofEnglishmenisalwayspreparedtodiscusstheweather.And，thoughhesometimescomplainsbitterlyofit，hewouldnot，even.ifhecould，exchangeitforthemorepredictableclimateofotherlands.36"othercountrieshaveaclimate;inEng1andwehaveweather."ThisstatementsuggeststhatAothercountriesdonothavefineweather.ByoucannotexperiencefourseasonsinayearinEngland.CtheweatherinEnglandoftenchangesandisthereforeunique.DtheweatherinEnglandneverchanges.37AspecialfeatureoftheweatherinEnglandisthatAyoucanexperiencefourseasonseverydaythroughouttheyear.Bitdoesnothavefourseasonsasothercountriesdo.Cwinterthereisthecoldestintheworld.Dyoumayexperiencedifferenttypesofweatherinasingleday.38WhatmakestheEnglishmancautious，accordingtothepassage?ATheforeigner'slaughter.BThecoldweatherinwinter.CTheuncertaintyabouttheweather.DThepredictableclimate.39WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueoftheweatherinEngland?AEnglandiscoveredbyheavyfogfortenmonthsoftheyear.BIttendstomaketheEnglishmancautious.COnecannotbesurewhenthedifferenttypesofweatherwilloccur.DYoumayhaveaspellofwinterinsummer.40Theword"lands"inthelastsentencecouldbestbereplacedbyA"soil".B"earth".C"countries".D"parts".第三篇LifetimeEmploymentinJapaneseCompaniesInmostlargeJapanesecompanies，thereisapolicyoflifetimeemployment.Whatthismeansisthatwhenpeopleleaveschooloruniversitytojoinanenterprise，theycanexpecttoremainwiththatorganizationuntiltheyretire.Ineffect，theemployeegetsjobsecurityforlire，andcanonlybefiredforseriousmistakesinwork.Evenintimesofbusinessrecession，heorsheisfreefromthefearofbeing1aidoff.OneresultofthispracticeisthattheJapaneseworkeridentifiescloselywithhiscompanyandfeelsstrongloyaltytoit.Byworkinghardforthecompany，hebelievesheissafeguardinghisOwnfuture.Itisnotsurprisingthatdevotiontoone'scompanyisconsideredagreatvirtueinJapan.Amanisoftenpreparedtoputhisfirm'sinterestsbeforethoseofhisimmediatefamily.Thejobsecurityguaranteedbythissysteminfluencesthewayemployeesapproachtheirwork.Theytendtothinkintermsofwhattheycanachievethroughouttheircareer.Thisisbecausetheyarenotjudgedonhowtheyareperformingduringashortperiodoftime.TheycanaffordtotakealongerperspectivethantheirWesterncounterparts.Thismarriagebetweentheemployeeandthecompany-theconsequenceoflifetimeemployment--mayexplainwhyJapaneseworkersseempositivelytolovetheproductstheircompanyisproducingandwhytheyarewillingtostayonafterwork，forlittleovertimepay，toparticipateinearnestdiscussionsaboutthequalitycontroloftheirproducts.41LifetimeemploymentintheJapanesecompanymeansthattheemployeeAleaveshiscompanyonlywhenbusinessisbad.Bgetsajobsoonafterheleavesschooloruniversity.Ccanworktherethroughouthiscareer.Dcanhavehisseriousmistakesinworkcorrected.42WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?AFamilyandcompanyinterestsareequallyimportant·BTheJapaneseworkerisveryloyaltohiscompany·COne'sfutureisguaranteedthroughhardwork.DDevotiontoone'scompanyisencouraged.43Lifetimeemploymentinfluencesone'sAachievementsatwork.Bperformanceatwork.Ccareeroptions.Dattitudetowardwork.44TheJapaneseworkerisfondofhiscompany'sproductsbecauseofAhismarriagewiththedaughterofthepresident.Bthecloselinkbetweenhimandhiscompany.Chiswillingnesstoworkovertime.Dhisactiveparticipationinqualitycontrol.45ThepassagemainlydiscussesAhowlifetimeemploymentworksinJapan.BwhatbenefitslifetimeemploymenthasbroughttoJapaneseworkers.Cwhatlifetimeemploymentis.Dhowlifetimeemploymentisviewed.第5部分：补全短文(第4650题，每题2分，共10分)阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。HomeSchoolingAllchildrenintheUnitedStateshavetoreceiveaneducation,butthelawdoesnotsaytheyhavetobeeducatedatsch001.Anumberofparentsprefernottosendtheirchildrentoschool.(46).Thereareabout300，000home-schoolersintheUnitedStatestoday.Someparentspreferteachingtheirchildrenathomebecausetheydonotbelievethatpublicschoolsteachthecorrectreligiousvalues；othersbelievetheycanprovideabettereducationalexperiencefortheirchildrenbyteachingthemathome.(47).DavidGutersonandhiswifeteachtheirthreechildrenathome.Gutersonsaysthathischildrenlearnverydifferentlyfromchildreninsch001.(48).Forexample，whenthereisheavysnowfallonawinterday，itmaystartadiscussionorreadingaboutclimate，snowremovalequipment，Alaska，polarbears，andwintertourism.Oraspringeveningwhenthefamilyisoutwatchingthestarsisagoodtimetoaskquestionsaboutsatellitesandthespaceprogram.(49).Homeschoolingisoftenmoreinterestingthanregularschools，butcriticssaythathome—schoolersareoutsiderswhomightbeuncomfortablemixingwithotherpeopleinadultlife.(50).However，mostparentsdon'thavethetimeorthedesiretoteachtheirchildrenathome，Soschoolswillcontinuetobewheremostchildrengettheirformaleducation.AInterestingly，resultsshowthathome—schooledchildrenquiteoftendobetterthanaverageonnationaltestsinreadingandmath.BCriticsalsosaythatmostparentsarenotwellqualifiedtoteachtheirchildren.CLearningstartswiththechildren'sinterestsandquestions.DChildrenwhoareeducatedathomeareknownas"home—schoolers".EInsomecountries，therearechildrenwhoareeducatedbytheirparentsathomeinsteadofbyteachersatschool.FIftheBrazilianrainforestsareontheTVnews，itcouldbeaperfecttimetotallabouthowrainforestsinfluencetheclimate，howdesertsareformed，andhowthepolaricecapsaffectoceanlevels.第6部分：完形填空(第51—65题，每题l分，共15分)阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择l个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。CustomsoftheWorldIfyoutravelaroundtheworld，youwillbesurprisedtofindjusthowdifferenttheforeigncustomscanbefromyourown.AvisitortoIndiawoulddowelltorememberthatpeoplethere（51）itimpolitetousethelefthandforpassingfoodattable.Thelefthandissupposedtobe(52)forwashingyourself.AlsoinIndia，youmight(53)amanapparentlyshakinghisheadatanotherandassumethatheisdisagreeing.Butinmany(54)ofIndiaashakeoftheheadisagesturethatshowsagreementoracceptance.NoddingyourheadwhenyouareofferedadrinkinBulgariaislikelytoleaveyouthirsty.Inthatcountryyou(55)yourheadtoindicate"yes"—anodindicates"no".TheArabsare(56)fortheirhospitality(好客).AtamealintheArabiccountries，youwillfindthatanydrinkingvessel(器皿)isfilledagain(57)againassoonasyoudrainit.Thewayto(58)thatyouhavehadenoughistotakethecuporglassin(59)handandgiveitalittleshakefromsidetosideorplaceyourhandoverthetop.InEuropeitisquiteusualto(60)yourlegswhensittingtalkingtosomeone，evenatanimportantmeeting.DoingthiswhenmeetinganimportantpersoninThailand，however，could(61)himorherunhappy.Itisconsideredtooinformalanattitude(62)suchanoccasion.AlsowheninThailandyouare(63)supposedtotouchtheheadofanadult－it'sjustnotdone.InJapan，itisquiteusualfor(64)toplaneveningentertainmentforthemselvesandleavetheirWivesathome.InEuropesuchattitudesaredisappearing.Customsvaryfromcountryto(65).Visitorsmaybeatalossastowhattodoinaforeignenvironment.Insuchcircumstances，theruleis：WheninRome，doastheRomansdo.51AachieveBconsiderCtestDhelp52AnoticedBusedCboughtDcaused53AhearBhopeCmissDsee54AcountriesBpeopleCpartsDhills55AnodBbeatCshakeDtouch56AinterestedBterribleCcarefulDfamous57AandBtillCalsoDstill58AdiscussBturnCindicateDforget59AmyBitsCourDyour60AcrossBputCtakeDhurt61ApayBstopCmakeDpoint62AoutsideBbelowCalongDfor63AnotBnorCnoneDno64AmenBwomenCboysDgirls65AareaBplaceCcountryDspace全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试各专业类别及各等级样题答案1C18A35B2A19A36C3D20C37D4D21838582283968238407A24D41C8D25C429826A43D10A27D44B11A28E45A12C29C46D13830A47A14A31D4815C32C49F16A33D50B17C34A51B附录二：词汇表本表收单词约6000个。其中C级要求的词汇是4000个；8级要求的词汇是在C级的基础上累加1000个(标有*符号)，共有5000个；A级词汇是在B级的基础上累加1000个(标有+符号)，共有6000个。此外，词汇表也收入常用词组约800个。词条的选择主要参考：Collins5000万词核心语料库的词频统计，《大学英语教学大纲通用词汇表》(1～4级，5～6级)，COLLINSCOBUILDENGLISHDICTIONARY(1995年版)和LongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglish(1995年版)的词频统计，并综合考虑了有关专家的意见。义项的确定主要参考以上两本词典，其排列以常用程度为主。Aaanart．1．一(个)2．每一(个)3．(同类事物中的)任何一个abandonvt．放弃，遗弃，丢弃abbeyn．1．修道院2．大教堂+abbreviationn．(用词首字母组成的)缩写ABCn．1．字母表2．基础知识，abdomenn．腹部abdominaladj．腹部的+aberrationn．失常(行为)+abidevi．(by)遵守，坚持abilityn．1．能力，本领2．(pl．)才能，才识ableadj．1．有(能力、时间、知识等)做某事的2．有本事的，能干的beableto：能够，会*abnormaladj．1．反常的，变态的2．不规则的aboardadv．／prep．在船(车、飞行器)上，上船(车、飞行器)abolisvt．废除，取消abortionn．流产，堕胎+aboriginaladj．土著的n．土著居民，土生动植物aboutprep．1．在…周围2．关于，对于adv．1．附近，周围，到处2．大约aboveprep．在…之上，高于aboveall：尤其是，最主要的是adj．上述的，上面的adv．1．在上面，往上2．更多abroadadv．1．到国外，在海外2．遍布，到处+abruptadj．1．突然的2．粗鲁的，(态度)生硬的absencen．1．缺席2．缺乏，缺少absentadj．1．缺席的2．缺乏的3．不在意的，茫然的beabsentfrom：缺席accommodatevt．1．为…提供住宿2．容纳，接纳3．使适应，调节accommodationn．1．膳宿供应2．(pl．)提供便利的设备(或用具)3．适应，调节accompanyvt．1．陪伴，陪同2．为…伴奏accomplishvt．完成，实现，成就accordancen．一致，相符inaccordancewith：依照，依据，与…一致accordingtoprep．按照，根据*accordinglyadv．1．依照2．由此，于是3．相应地accountvi．说明(理由等)accountfor：说明，解释(原因等)n．1．陈述，说明2．账户，(pl．)账目3．原因，理由Onaccountof：基于，由于Onallaccounts：无论如何onnoaccount：决不takeintoaccount：考虑，重视accountantn．会计，出纳*accumulatevt．积累，积聚vi．堆积，积累accurateadj．准确的，精确的accusationn．告发，控告accusevt．1．指责2．控告accuse…of指责某人，控告某人accustomvt．使习惯beaccustomedto：习惯于acen．1．“A”牌2．能手，专家3．发球得分absoluteadj．1．绝对的，完全的2．确实的，肯定的absorbvt．1．吸收2．使全神贯注abstractadj．抽象的，不具体的n．摘要，提要+absurdadj．荒谬的，荒唐可笑的*abundantadj．丰富的，充裕的*abusevt.／n．1．滥用，妄用2．辱骂．诬蔑academicadj．1．学术的2．学院的3．学究的academyn．1．(高等)院校，研究院2．学会，协会*acceleratevt．1．加速2．促进vi．增加速度accentn．1．口音2．重音acceptvt．1．接受，领受2．认可，同意vi．同意，认可acceptableadj．1．可接受的2．合意的，受欢迎的acceptancen．1．接受2．承认，认可accessn．1．接近，获得(机会等)2．人口，通道．have／gainaccessto：有(机会、手段、权力)得到／接近／进入*accessibleadj．可得到的，易接近的，可进入的+accessoryn．附件，附属品adj．1．附属的2．同谋的accidentn．意外事件，事故byaccident：意外地，偶然地achevi．痛n．痛，疼痛achievevt．1．完成，实现2．(经过努力)获得，达到achievementn．1．成就，成绩2．实现，达到acidadj．酸的，酸性的n．酸acknowledgevt．1．承认2．感谢3．告知收到(信件等)*acquaintvt．使熟悉，使认识*acquaintancen．1．认识的人，熟人2．认识，了解acquirevt．1．获得，取得2．学到(知识等)，养成(习惯等)acquisitionn.获得(物)acren．英亩acrossprep．1．横过，穿过2．在…的对面3．交叉4．经过(一段时间)adv．1．横过，穿过2．在另一边actvi．1．行动，做2．起作用3．表演vt．1．扮演(角色)2．装作n．1．行为，行动2．法令，条例3．(戏剧的)一幕actionn．1．活动，行为2．作用*activatevt．1．使活动2．使激活，使活化activeadj．有活力的，积极的，主动的activistn．积极分子activityn．1．(pl．)活动，所做的事情2．活动性，活跃actorn.1．演员，男演员2．行动者actressn．女演员actualadj．事实上的，实际的