高中英语人教版一轮学案补上一课动词形式变化规则

温馨提示：此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。补上一课:动词形式变化规则一、动词四种形式变化规则一览表动词第三人称单数现在分词过去式和过去分词一般规则加s加ing加ed其他规则①原形动词词尾为“ch,sh,o,s,x”,加“es”。如:fix→fixes;teach→teaches;wash→washes②原形动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,去“y”后加“ies”;若是“元音字母+y”,只加“s”。如:study→studies;say→says①原形动词以不发音的“e”结尾时,去“e”后+“ing”。如:live→living;make→making②原形动词词尾为“ie”时,先把“ie”改为“y”后+“ing”。如:lie→lying;die→dying;tie→tying③原形动词词尾为“元音+l,r”并为重读音节时,常重复词尾后再加“ing”。如:travel→travelling/traveling;prefer→preferring;refer→referring。④原形动词以“辅元辅”结尾,且为重读闭音节,先双写最后一个辅音字母后再+“ing”(字母组合除外)。如:plan→planning;get→getting;stop→stopping。注意:show,grow,draw,blow,know,flow等不用双写。①原形动词词尾为“e”时,加“d”。如live→lived;like→liked②原形动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,去“y”后加“ied”;若是词尾为“元音字母+y”,只加“ed”。如:study→studied;play→played③原形动词词尾为“元音+l,r”并为重读音节时,常双写词尾后再加“ed”。如:prefer→preferred④原形动词以“辅元辅”结尾,且为重读闭音节,先双写最后一个辅音字母后再+“ed”。如:chat→chatted;beg→begged;stop→stopped二、动词过去式和过去分词不规则变化1.AAA型动词原形过去式过去分词betbetbetbroadcastbroadcastbroadcastbidbid/badebid/biddenburstburstburstcastcastcastcostcostcostcutcutcutforecastforecast/forecastedforecast/forecastedhithithithurthurthurtknitknit/knittedknit/knittedletletletputputputquitquit/quittedquit/quittedreadreadreadridridridsetsetsetshutshutshutspit美式spit/spat英式美式spit/spat英式splitsplitsplit动词原形过去式过去分词spreadspreadspreadsweatsweat/sweatedsweat/sweatedthrustthrustthrustupsetupsetupsetwedwed/weddedwed/weddedwetwet/wettedwet/wetted2.AAB型动词原形过去式过去分词beatbeatbeaten3.ABA型动词原形过去式过去分词ecameebeebecamebeeovereovercameovererunranrun4.ABB型(1)在原形动词后面加字母ed或字母d或字母t构成过去式、过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词hearheardheardburnburnt/burnedburnt/burned动词原形过去式过去分词learnlearnt/learnedlearnt/learneddreamdreamt/dreameddreamt/dreamedmeanmeantmeantleanleant/leanedleant/leanedleapleapt/leapedleapt/leapedspoilspoilt/spoiledspoilt/spoileddealdealtdealt(2)把原形动词的最后一个辅音字母d改成t动词原形过去式过去分词buildbuiltbuiltrebuildrebuiltrebuiltlendlentlentsendsentsentspendspentspentbendbentbent(3)原动词中有a则改为aught,无a则改为ought动词原形过去式过去分词catchcaughtcaughtteachtaughttaughtbuyboughtboughtbringbroughtbroughtfightfoughtfoughtseeksoughtsoughtthinkthoughtthought(4)把eel、ell改成elt动词原形过去式过去分词feelfeltfeltkneelkneltkneltsmellsmeltsmeltspellspeltspelt(5)去掉一个e或去掉一个a或去掉一个o动词原形过去式过去分词feedfedfedmeetmetmetspeedsped/speededsped/speededbleedbledbledbreedbredbred动词原形过去式过去分词leadledledmisleadmisledmisledshootshotshot(6)改变元音字母(a或i变为u;i或e变为o;把o变为e;把i变为a)动词原形过去式过去分词digdugdughanghunghungspinspunspunspringsprung美式sprang英式sprungstickstuckstuckstingstungstungswingswungswungshineshoneshonewinwonwongetgotgot/gottenholdheldheldsitsatsat(7)eep变为ept动词原形过去式过去分词keepkeptkeptsleepsleptsleptoversleepoversleptoversleptcreepcreptcreptweepweptweptsweepsweptswept(8)ay变为aid,ell变为old,and变为ood,ind变为ound动词原形过去式过去分词paypaidpaidrepayrepaidrepaidlaylaidlaidsaysaidsaidsellsoldsoldtelltoldtoldretellretoldretoldforetellforetoldforetoldstandstoodstoodunderstandunderstoodunderstoodmisunderstandmisunderstoodmisunderstood动词原形过去式过去分词findfoundfoundwindwoundwound(9)其他动词原形过去式过去分词blessblessedblessedhavehadhadleaveleftleftlightlit/lightedlit/lightedloselostlostmakemademadeslideslidslidspillspilled/spiltspilled/spilt5.ABC型(1)原形动词后+n或en构成过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词taketooktakenovertakeovertookovertakenmistakemistookmistakenundertakeundertookundertakenshaveshavedshaven/shavedsawsawedsawn/sawedsowsowedsown/sowedshakeshookshakenseesawseenforeseeforesawforeseeneatateeatenfallfellfallengivegavegivenforgiveforgaveforgivendrivedrovedrivenriseroserisenarisearosearisenrideroderiddenwritewrotewrittenforbidforbadeforbidden(2)过去式+n或en构成过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词breakbrokebrokenspeakspokespokenfreezefrozefrozenwakewokewoken动词原形过去式过去分词weavewovewovenawakeawokeawokenchoosechosechosenstealstolestolenforgetforgotforgottenhidehidhidden(3)ow/aw/ewew/edown/awn/ewn型动词原形过去式过去分词blowblewblowngrowgrewgrownknowknewknownthrowthrewthrownoverthrowoverthrewoverthrowndrawdrewdrawnwithdrawwithdrewwithdrawnsewsewedsewn/sewedshowshowedshown(4)iau型动词原形过去式过去分词beginbeganbegunshrinkshrank/shrunkshrunkdrinkdrankdrunkringrangrungsinksanksunksingsangsungsw