高考北师大版英语大一轮复习能力提升题组训练Unit16Stories

选修6Unit16Stories能力提升题组训练(A)Ⅰ.阅读(2019吉林东北师大附中高三三模)ThesciencefictiontypeofentertainmentisconsideredbymosttobefatheredbyJulesVerne(AJourneytotheCenteroftheEarthandTwentyThousandLeaguesUndertheSea)andH.G.Wells(TheTimeMachineandTheWaroftheWorlds).SciFi,asitismonlyshortened,isafictionalstoryinwhichscienceandtechnologyhaveasignificantinfluenceonthecharactersandplot.Manysuchworksareguessworkaboutwhatthefutureholdsandhowscientificfindingsandtechnologicaladvanceswillshapehumankind.Writinginthelate1800s,JulesVernewasremarkablysuccessfulinhis10guessesaboutfuturetechnologiesofairconditioning,automobiles,theInternet,television,andunderwater,air,andspacetravel.Unbelievably,ofallplacesfromwhichtochoose,JulesVerneguessedTampa,Florida,USAasthelaunchingsiteofthefirstprojecttotheMoon,whichwasonly200kilometersawayfromtheactual1969locationatCapeCanaveral,Florida.OneofthebestknownsciencefictionbooksisNineteenEightyFourbyGeorgeOrwell.Publishedin1949,itwasnotmeantasaprediction,butasawarning:Orwellwasdescribingwhathesawastheouteoftheideas,trends,andemergingtechnologiesofhistime.Manyinventedtermsfromthisnovelhavebeemonineverydayuse,suchas“bigbrother”and“doublethink”.Eventheauthor’snamehasbeenmadeintoanadjective—Orwellian—andhasbeeawarningdescriptorforsituationswhereprivacyislostandtheindividualhasnopowerandispletelycontrolledbythegovernment.NineteenEightyFourwastranslatedintosixtyfivelanguageswithinfiveyearsofitspublication,settingarecordthatstillstands.Whathelpsbringsciencefictionintobeingisusuallyanewdiscoveryorinnovation.Theauthorcreatesananalysisofthepotentialinfluenceandconsequencesandthenwrapsitinapleasantstory.Forexample,thebeginningofspaceexplorationwasfollowedafewyearslaterbytheStarTrektelevisionprogramandmovieseries.Thesciencefictionauthor’sselfdeterminedroleistosearchtheworldoffuturepossibilitiesupontheroadwhichwearetraveling.1.Fromthefirstparagraph,weknowthatsciencefictionmightbe.

A.aforecastofhowanewdiscoverycouldinfluencemankindB.abriefreviewofthepresentdrawbacksoftechnologyC.athoughtfullookatthepastandapredictionofthefutureD.ananalysisofhowanewtechnologycouldbeusedtoharmhuman.ichofthefollowingbestdescribesNineteenEightyFour?A.Apredictionoffuturetechnologies. B.Awarningofunfairandcruelruling.C.Themotiveofscientificdevelopment. D.Animaginaryperfectworldoffreedom.3.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat.

A.H.G.WellspredictedtheInternetinthelate1800sB.NineteenEightyFouradoptedsomepopulartermsC.StarTrekmovieserieswerebasedonspaceexplorationD.CapeCanaveralwasmentionedinJulesVerne’sfiction4.Accordingtotheauthor,whatistheroleofsciencefictioninsociety?A.Areferenceoftechnology. B.Amoralpass.C.Arecordofsciencedevelopment. D.Aformofthinkingaboutpossibilities.语篇解读:本文是说明文。介绍了过去的几部科幻小说对未来的预测和对人类的影响。答案及剖析:1.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的Manysuchworksareguessworkaboutwhatthefutureholdsandhowscientificfindingsandtechnologicaladvanceswillshapehumankind.可知,科幻小说主要是对未来的预测和对人类的影响,故选A。2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的itwasnotmeantasaprediction,butasawarning以及Eventheauthor’snamehasbeenmadeintoanadjective—Orwellian—andhasbeeawarningdescriptorforsituationswhereprivacyislostandtheindividualhasnopowerandispletelycontrolledbythegovernment.可知,这部小说是对社会上的不公平和残酷制度的一种警告,故选B。3.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Forexample,thebeginningofspaceexplorationwasfollowedafewyearslaterbytheStarTrektelevisionprogramandmovieseries.可知,《星际迷航》系列就是以太空探险为原形的,故选C。4.D推理判断题。根据文章最后一句Thesciencefictionauthor’sselfdeterminedroleistosearchtheworldoffuturepossibilitiesupontheroadwhichwearetraveling.可知,作者认为科幻小说是对未来可能性的一种推测,故选D。Ⅱ.七选五(2019河北唐山高三一模)Childrenwhohavedevelopedleadershipskillsaresuretohaveabrightfuture.1.Notonlywilltheygainmoreselfesteemandinteractmoreeasilywiththeirpeers,theycanalsomakeanimpactontheirmunity.Thesequalitieswillcontinuetodevelopaschildrengrowup.Herearesimpletechniquestodevelopchildren’sleadershipqualities.

Discusspeerpressure.Childrenareoftenexposedtopeerpressureandworryabouthowothersviewthem.2.Leadershiprequiresbeingsociallyinvolved,butstillhonoringpersonalmoralsandstandards.Discusshypothetical(假设的)peerpressuresituationsandaskkidstoconsiderhowthey’dbehaveindifferentsituations.

3.Whenthey’reabletoclearlyshowtheirthoughts,theyfeelmoreselfconfidentandareabletodealwithplexproblems.Youcanhelpbyencouragingchildrentospeakoutandbylisteningseriouslytotheirthoughts.Althoughmanychildrengothroughrebelliousstages,don’tenforcesilence.Instead,suggestselfexpression.

Teachbyexample.4.Eveniftheydon’texpressitaloud,childrenmayseeyouasarolemodel.Modelleadershipbehaviorbyhelpingothers,volunteeringinleadershippositionsandtakingactionineverydaylife.

Developchildren’sindividualtalentsandencourageparticipation.Everychildhaspotentialforleadershipskills,butnoteverychilddevelopsskillsinthesameway.5.Achildmightbeatalentedathleteorskilledatpaintinganddrawing.Findwaysforkidstodeveloptheseskillsinagroupsetting,whichpromotesteamworkandsocialskills.

A.Encouragechildrentoexpressthemselves.B.Payattentiontospecificinterestsandabilities.C.Findvolunteerandmunityserviceopportunities.D.Childrenstartbenefitingfromleadershipskillsatanyage.E.Childrenwithselfawarenesshaveagreaterabilitytolead.F.Childrenobservetheadultsintheirlives,andvaluewhattheysee.G.Talkwithyourchildrenabouttheimportanceofavoidingpeerpressure.答案:15DGAFBⅢ.完形填空Inkindergarten,Imetmyfirstlove—dancing.Forthelastelevenyears,Ihavespentmanyhoursatthedancestudio.The1Ibeganasalittlegirlhasshapedmypersonality,forming2thatIwillhavefortherestofmylife.

Oncewhileourdanceteam3forthestatepetition,sixseniormembersquitwithoutnotice,leavingourteamwithoutacaptain.Myteam’senthusiasmfortheseasonwascutinhalf.4,Iwasdeterminedtobeethenewcaptainandleadmyteampastthisobstacle.

Duringthefirstpracticeaftertheseniorsquit,myteam’semotionwas5.Asaleader,Itriedtomotivatemyteamthroughexample.Istartedtodo6workoutsidepracticetoimprovemykickingtechnique.MyteamrespectedmeasacoachbecauseIshoweddevotion.Onweekends,Ispenthourstryingtomakeupacreativepetitionroutine.Iwantedmyteammembersto7thedanceandperformwell.

Beforethestatemeet,Idrilledtheroutineintothegirls’headsandconstantlyencouragedthemtoworkharder.Iwouldshoutoutnamesofpeoplewhowere8wellduringthedance,andthegirlswould9withevenmoreenergy.Throughmydanceexperience,IalsofoundIgotbetterby10myself.Imixednewskillsintotheroutineforthestatepetitionto11myteam’stechnique.Wewantedtoprovetoourselvesandourschoolthatwecouldstillbea(n)12danceteamwithoutthegirlswhoquit.

Onthestage,Ifeltmyteam’s13.Iwasproudthatwewereabletorebuildourconfidenceandgobeyondourexpectationsatthestatepetition.Wewere14forallourhardworkbyplacinginthetopfive.Thisexperiencetaughtmealesson:withapassionforsomething,Icould15anyobstaclewithcreativityanddetermination.

1.A.education B.activity C.travel D.research15.A.thinkof B.getover C.careabout D.keepoff语篇解读:这是一篇记叙文。介绍了作者在舞蹈队的经历,说明了一个道理:只要对某事有激情和热情,就会克服任何困难。答案及剖析:1.Beducation教育;activity活动;travel旅行;research研究。舞蹈是作者小时候从事的一项活动。故B项切题。2.Aqualities品质;petitions竞赛;connections联系;opinions观点。由“shapedmypersonality”可知,这里指舞蹈对作者所产生的积极影响,故A项切题。3.Clooked看;left离开;practiced实践;hoped希望。由下文“Duringthefirstpractice”可知C项切题。4.DOtherwise否则;Besides此外;Instead代替;However然而。句意:然而,我决心成为新的队长,带领我的团队走出困境。故选D。5.Cgrowing生长的;normal正常的;low低的;appealing有吸引力的。由下文“Itriedtomotivatemyteamthroughexample”可知,我试图通过榜样的力量来激励我的团队,可判断出团队情绪低落。故C项切题。6.Bnew新的;extra额外的;little小的;personal个人的。由“improvemykickingtechnique”可知,为了提高踢腿技术,要做额外的练习,故B项切题。7.Alove热爱;check核对;believe相信;ignore忽略。由“performwell”可知,and连接的是两个并列成分,所以love符合句意。8.Dplanning计划;judging判断;predicting预测;performing表演。作者喊出那些在舞蹈中表现出色的人的名字。所以perform符合句意。故D项切题。9.Bdeal处理;respond回应;defend保卫;pare对比。前文的shoutout与respond相对应。故B项切题。10.Dreminding提醒;teaching教;protecting保护;challenging挑战。由前文可知,作者自创了一套固定舞,这在作者的经历中是前所未有的,作者挑战了自己,使自己成熟了,完美了。故D项切题。11.Cadmire羡慕;share分享;improve提高;prove证明。作者要把这个团队带好,所以把新的技能融入到国家竞赛的舞步中,就是要提高团队的技术。故C项切题。12.Dfamiliar熟悉的;similar相似的;ordinary普通的;brilliant极好的。作者之所以要当这个队长,就是要挑战自己,向自己和学校证明,即使没有那些退出的女孩们,也仍然可以成为一支优秀的(brilliant)舞蹈队。13.Cpatience耐心;kindness善意;energy能量;pride自豪。由下文“Iwasproudthatwewereabletorebuildourconfidenceandgobeyondourexpectationsatthestatepetition”,我很自豪我们能够重建我们的信心,在国家比赛中的表现超越了我们的预期。所以作者在舞台上感受了他们的自信和活力。故C项切题。14.Arewarded回报;thanked感谢;prepared准备;moved移动。由“byplacinginthetopfive”可知,作者的舞蹈队进入了前五名,付出终于有了回报。故A项切题。15.Bthinkof想起;getover克服;careabout关心;keepoff使不接触。由上文可知,作者所带领舞蹈队获得了成功,所以作者觉得只要对某事有激情,就能以创造性和决心克服任何困难。故B项切题。能力提升题组训练(B)Ⅰ.阅读A(2019山东潍坊高三模拟)OneofthebestlovedAmericanwriterswasWilliamSydneyPorter,orO·Henry.From1893helivedwithhisfamilyinahouseinAustin,Texas,whichisnowamuseum.VisitorstoAustincanseethehouse.Itwassavedfromdestruction(破坏)andturnedintoamuseumin1934.ThemuseumisagoodwaytolearnabouttheinterestinglifeoftheAmericanwriter.WilliamPorterrentedthishouseinAustinandlivedtherewithhiswifeAtholanddaughterMargaretforabouttwoyears.ManyobjectsinthemuseumcamefromthePorters.Othersdidnot.Animportantpieceintheroomistheoriginalphotooverhere.Itwastakenthereinthehouseabout1895.Thepianotheregoesbacktothe1860s.HiswifetooklessonsonitwhenshefirstmovedtoAustin.Porterwasn’tasuccessfulwriterinthebeginning.Heworkedatafarm,landofficeandbank.Healsolovedwordsandwriting.Themuseumhasaspecialproof(证明书)ofPorter’sloveoflanguage—hisdictionary.Itissaidthathehadreadeverywordinthatdictionary.LaterWilliamPorterwasforcedtoleaveAustinbecausehewascharged(指控)withwrongdoingatthebankandlosthisjob.Becausehewasafraidofatrial(审判),heleftthecountrysecretly.Buthereturnedbecausehiswifewasdying.Afterherdeath,hefacedthetrialandservedthreeandahalfyearsinaprisoninOhio.WilliamPorterwouldkeephistimeinprisonasecret.Buttherewasonegoodthingaboutit.Itprovidedhimwithtimetowrite.Bythetimehewasfreed,hehadpublished14storiesandbecamewellknownasO·Henry.PorterlatermovedtoNewYorkCityandhadgreatsuccessthere.Hepublishedover180storiesinthelasteightyearsofhislife.·Henry’shouseinAustinhasbeenwellkeptsothat.

A.Americanscanstudytheirhistory B.morevisitorswillbeattractedtoAustinC.visitorscanlearnaboutO·Henry’slife D.itcanshowthewayoflifeinthe1860s2.WhydidPorterescapefromAustin?A.Hedidn’twanttolosehisjob. B.Hedidn’twanttomaketrouble.C.Hemeanttosavehiswife’slife. D.Hewasafraidofbeingputintoprison.3.Fromthelastparagraphweknowthat.

A.Portersufferedalotinprison B.PorterbecamefamoussuddenlyC.Porterspenthistimeinprisonwriting D.lifeinprisonprovidedwhatPortercouldwrite语篇解读:本文记述了美国著名作家欧·亨利在狱中写作的经历。答案及剖析:1.C细节理解题。根据第一段中“ThemuseumisagoodwaytolearnabouttheinterestinglifeoftheAmericanwriter.”可知欧·亨利的房子被完好保存,并改成博物馆供人参观是为了让人们了解欧·亨利的生活。2.D细节理解题。根据第四段前两句可知,欧·亨利在银行工作时被指控犯了错,丢了工作,他害怕接受审判,所以偷偷地离开了这个国家。3.C细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“Itprovidedhimwithtimetowrite.”可知,他通过写作度过了监狱里的时间。B(2019河南郑州联考)ScientistsareusingrobotstostudythehealthofwatersinandaroundVenice,Italy.Therobotsaredesignedtoactlikefish,otherunderwatercreaturesandplants.ThescientistsareworkingwithseveraluniversitiesandresearchcentersaspartofagroupcalledSUBCULTRON.TheEuropeanUniongivesmoneytotheprojectaspartofitsHorizon2020programwhoseaimistotakegreatideasfromthelabtothemarketandsupportscienceandinnovation(创新)inEurope,andthescientistswanttousetheartificialintelligenceoftherobotstohelphumansunderstandwhatishappeningunderthewateroftheVeniceLagoon(泻湖)aswell.SUBCULTRON,acollectiveartificialintelligenceproject,planstocreatethebiggestshoal(鱼群)ofrobotfishintheworld.Theproject’saimistoimproveknowledgeoftheseabedandtrytoturnhumanabilitiesintohitechitems.AlexandreCampo,aputerscientist,saysthescientistshavelookedatthewayanimalslearntoworkingroupstounderstandhowrobotscanlearntoworktogether.TheSUBCULTRONprojectwantsitsrobotstolearntoworktogethersotheycanwatchoutforchangesandnewproblemsinthewater.Oneproblemtheresearchershadinthebeginningwashowtherobotswouldmunicatewitheachother.Anotherproblemwaschargingbatteries.Therobotseuptothewater’ssurfaceandstaynearaboatorapowerstationtochargewithoutanyelectricalcables.ThehealthstateoftheLagoonisprettygood.Therearenoindustrialpolluters,andthecitynowhasamodernsewer(污水管)system.TherobotsinVenicewillcontinuetheirwork.TheSUBCULTRONprojecthopestheydevelopinto“anartificialsocietyunderneaththewatersurface”thatserves“ahumansocietyabovethewater”.4.WhatcanwelearnabouttheprojectinParagraph1?A.Itsresearchersareallfromuniversities.B.TheEuropeanUnionhasfinanciallysupportedit.C.ItusesrobotstocleanthewatersinandaroundVenice.D.Itisaimedtosupportscienceandinnovationworldwide.5.WhatcanweinferaccordingtoAlexandreCampo?A.Scientistshavegotanideaforrobotsfromtheanimals.B.Therobotsareworkingseparatelytoperformtheirtasks.C.SUBCULTRONistoturnhumanabilitiesintohitechitems.D.ThehealthstateoftheLagoonhasgreatlyimprovedrecently.6.Theunderlinedword“they”inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto“”.

7.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusinthepassage?A.Robotsareingintoourcitiessoon. B.Animalscantellushowtocleanthewater.C.WatersinVenicehavebeengreatlycleaned. D.RobotfishwatchoutforthewaterinVenice.语篇解读:本文是说明文,主要介绍在意大利威尼斯的泻湖水域,科学家在SUBCULTRON人工智能项目中利用机器鱼群来监测水质。答案及剖析:4.B细节理解题。根据第一段“TheEuropeanUniongivesmoneytotheprojectaspartofitsHorizon2020programwhoseaimistotakegreatideasfromthelabtothemarketandsupportscienceandinnovation(创新)inEurope.”可知,欧盟出资支持这一项目。5.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“AlexandreCampo,aputerscientist,saysthescientistshavelookedatthewayanimalslearntoworkingroupstounderstandhowrobotscanlearntoworktogether.”可知,科学家是通过研究动物来了解机器人该如何学习协同工作的。6.C词义猜测题。根据前句“TherobotsinVenicewillcontinuetheirwork.”可知,they指robots。7.D主旨大意题。根据第一段前三句“ScientistsareusingrobotstostudythehealthofwatersinandaroundVenice,Italy.Therobo