高考英语二轮复习练习：专题四 阅读理解2 4 2 Word版含解析

A(甘肃省第一次高考诊断试卷)InChina，thereareusuallytworeasonswhypeoplereceivemessagesfromfriendsandrelativesfromwhomtheyhaven’theardforawhile.ThefirstisaboutNewYeargreetings，whicharealwayswelcome.Thesecondreasonisoftenunpleasant，however;peopleareincreasinglycontactinglonglostfriends，orevencasualacquaintances，andurgingthemtocastonlinevotesfortheirchildrenorgrandchildrenincompetitions.Thepractice，whichhasbeengrowingrapidly，hasnowreachedthepointwherepeoplearebecomingtiredandmayevenfeelannoyed.TheresultsofarecentsurveyconductedbytheJinhuaEveningNewsinEastChina’sZhejiangProvinceshowthat94percentof384intervieweeswereonceaskedbyfriendsorrelativestocastvotesonlinefortheirchildren.Thecontestsrangefromthe“cutestbaby”todancingcompetitions，butinmanycasesthepeoplereceivingthemessageshaven’theardfromthesenderforalongtimeandhavenevermetthechildinvolved.Althoughthecompetitionsmayappeartobeharmlessfun，someeducationprofessionalsareconcernedthattheycouldhaveanegativeeffectonchildren.TangSulan，amemberoftheCPPCC’sNationalCommittee(全国政协委员会)，proposedabanononlinecompetitionsfeaturingchildrentopreventfuturepsychologicalissues.Shewasalsoconcernedthatpublicdisclosureofachild’spersonalinformationandpublicationofphotoscauseapotentialrisktothechild’ssafety.LiHongyan，themotherofan11­year­oldgirlandan18­month­oldboyinBeijing，saidshehasneverurgedotherstovoteforherchildren.Althoughonthesurfacethechildrenarecompetingamongthemselvesviatheirparents’socialnetworks，thecompetitionsarealsoaboutparentsseekinga“senseofvictory”forthemselves，shesaid.“Itfeelsasthoughparentsareusingtheirbabiesastoolstowingloryforthemselves，ratherthantrulyrespectingtheirkids’dignityandnature.”However，despiteherdislikeofthecontests，shehastwicevotedforthebabiesofclosefriendsbecause“itwouldbeembarrassingtosayno”．语篇解读本文介绍了最近社会上常见的一种现象，有些家长为了给孩子在网上拉票，可谓不择手段，甚至要求不常联系的朋友和不熟悉的朋友投票。这种现象已让越来越多的人感到厌烦和恼怒。文章通过《金华晚报》对这一现象的调查进行了分析。1.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ReceivingMessages：AnUnhappyExperienceB．ToSayNo：AnEmbarrassingExperienceC．ADilemma：VoteorNotD．Child’sSafetyandCastingVotesOnline解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，一些专家提到这种现象会对孩子产生消极的影响，但最后一段谈到如果你拒绝朋友的投票要求，会非常尴尬。因此，“投还是不投？”是一个进退两难的困境。答案：C2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disclosure”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Exposure. B．Concern.C．Reputation. D．Competition.解析：词义猜测题。这里表达的意思是：一名政协委员担心公开曝光孩子的个人信息和照片会对孩子的安全造成潜在的风险。根据词根closure(关闭；倒闭；暂时封闭)，再结合前缀dis­(表示相反或否定)及语境可猜测出，disclosure意思是“透露的信息；披露”，与exposure“揭露；暴露”意义相近。答案：A3．WhatcanbeinferredfromLiHongyan’swords?A．Herchildrendon’twanttojoininthoseonlinecompetitions.B．Sheurgespeopletovoteforthebabiesofherclosefriends.C．Sheagreestobringthechildrentotheirparents’socialnetworks.D．Sheopposestheideaofparentsseekingvotesforchildren.解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句“...neverurgedotherstovoteforherchildren.”和最后一句“However，despiteherdislikeofthecontests...”可知，李红艳反对父母给孩子拉选票这种现象。答案：DB(广东佛山市检测)Thetimesarechanging.OnThursdayOctober13th，singer­songwriterBobDylanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiterature，markingthefirsttimethehighly­eyed­onliteraryawardhasgonetosomeonewhoismainlyseenasamusician，andgivingrisetoheateddiscussions.The75­year­oldwontheprize“forhavingcreatednewpoeticexpressionswithinthegreatAmericansongtradition”，theSwedishAcademysaid.“For54yearshehasbeenatit，reinventinghimself，”saidSaraDanius，theacademy’spermanentsecretary.“BobDylanwritespoetryfortheear.Butit’sperfectlyfinetoreadhisworksaspoetry.”AndwhilemanyDylan’sfanshavefoundgreatdelightatthenews，othersonlineandintheliterarycommunityare_cross_withtheCommittee，sayingtheawardhasskippedoverfictionwritersforthesecondyear.NewYorkTimesBookRevieweditorPamelaPaulsaiditwasgoodnewsbutpointedouthowmany“deserving”noveliststhereare.DirectorMartinScorseseputoutastatementsayinghewas“overjoyed”thatDylanwasawardedtheprize.“Dylan’spoetry，hismusicalgenius，hasmeantsomuchtomepersonallyandtogenerationsofpeoplearoundtheworld，”Scorsesesaid.“Hisworkhasinfluencedandshapedculture，andhehasneverstoppedexploringandgrowingasanartist.TheNobelCommitteehasgivenDylanaformofrecognitionthatfitshisroleinourculture—inworldculture.”DylanwonaPulitzerPrizein2008forhis“greatinfluenceonpopularmusicandAmericanculture”．He’sthefirstAmericantowintheliteraryNobelsinceToniMorrisonin1993.语篇解读作为一名歌手，鲍勃·迪伦获得诺贝尔文学奖的消息让很多人大感意外，从而引发热议。4.WhydoesBobDylan’swinningtheNobelPrizecauseheateddiscussions?A．Hecreatedpoeticexpressions.B．Heisknownasamusician.C．Hereinventshimself.D．Heis75yearsold.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...markingthefirsttimethehighly­eyed­onliteraryawardhasgonetosomeonewhoismainlyseenasamusician...”可知，正是因为鲍勃·迪伦是一位歌手，所以获得诺贝尔文学奖才引发热议。答案：B5．WhichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedpartinParagraph4?A．arethankfulto B．aresatisfiedwithC．areangrywith D．areworriedabout解析：词义猜测题。第四段开头的“AndwhilemanyDylan’sfanshavefoundgreatdelightatthenews”中while表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，所以后面的“othersonlineandintheliterarycommunityarecrosswiththeCommittee”中的arecrosswith与foundgreatdelight意思应该相反。再根据最后的“sayingtheawardhasskippedoverfictionwritersforthesecondyear”可判断，arecrosswith应表示“对……生气”，而不是D项中的“担心……”。答案：C6．WhatcanweknowaboutDylanaccordingtoMartinScorsese?A．DylaninfluencesMartinalot.B．Dylanishappywiththeaward.C．Dylanisapoetratherthanamusician.D．Dylanbenefitsalotfromworldculture.解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Dylan’spoetry，hismusicalgenius，hasmeantsomuchtomepersonallyandtogenerationsofpeoplearoundtheworld”可知，鲍勃·迪伦对他影响很大。答案：A7．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．AbriefintroductiontoBobDylan.B．ThereasonforBobDylan’ssuccess.C．BobDylan’sinfluenceonAmericanculture.D．DifferentviewsonBobDylan’swinningtheNobelPrize.解析：主旨大意题。文章开头就点明了鲍勃·迪伦获得诺贝尔文学奖引起了热议，接着说明了不同的人对此事的不同态度。答案：D阅读理解题型突破(五)猜测词义类A(贵州省普通高等学校招生适应性考试)WhenIwasincollege，IspentasemesterstudyingabroadattheUniversityofStrathclydeinGlasgow，Scotland.Inmybrieftimethere，IcametoloveScotlandforitslocalculture，foodandscenery.Youmightthink，“Scotlandisn’tsodifferentfromtheUS；theystillspeakEnglishthere！”ButwhenIsteppedofftheplane，Iwasgreetedbyagruff­voiced(声音粗哑的)ladyatcustoms.“You’llbecomingfromAmerica，then？”Sheaskedme，andInodded.“ButallofourguysareleavingGlasgowfortheStates！”HerthickScottishEnglishandsenseofhumorwereobviousrightaway.IwasnotintheUSanymore，wherecustomsagentsneverjokearound.AsIsettledinattheuniversity，Icouldfeelmyselfgettingusedtohearing—andevenspeaking—theScottishEnglishofmycustomsagent.Inclassroomdiscussions，peoplewouldsay“em”whentheycouldn’tthinkofwhattosayinsteadof“um”，whichwasgreatfun.Afterthefirstfewweeks，Istoppedchucklingaboutthis.Strathclydestudentsstayeduplateintothenight，runningaroundcampusandshouting，“Go！Lat’sgo，lat’sgo，lat’sgo(curseword)Glasgow！”Prettysoon，Iwasnolongersaying“thanks”atthesupermarket—instead，Isaid“cheers”．MyScottishfriendsdrankwhiskeyandatehaggis(羊杂碎布丁)．IdrankplentyofwhiskeybutIwasashamedtoadmitthatIwasn’tbraveenoughtotryhaggis.Scottishbakeriesusuallysellbridies(肉馅饼)．Addacupoftea—thoughIusuallyAmericanizeditbychoosingcoffeeinstead—andabridiemakesforadeliciousbreakfast.EverytimeItookatrainanywhereinScotland，I’dgazeoutattherollinghillsandwonderifgrasswasgreenerthananywhereelseintheworld.ThenI’dreflectthatthere’sareasonthiscountrywasthebirthplaceofgolf.语篇解读本文介绍了“我”在苏格兰学习期间的体验：居民友好，食物独特，景色优美，苏格兰英语与美式英语有区别。1.Whatdidtheauthorthinkoftheladyatcustoms?A．Impolite. B．Friendly.C．Serious. D．Calm.解析：考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“HerthickScottishEnglishandsenseofhumorwereobviousrightaway.IwasnotintheUSanymore，wherecustomsagentsneverjokearound”可知，作者认为她的苏格兰英语和幽默用得恰到好处，而美国的海关工作人员却从来不跟人开玩笑；据此可推断，作者认为这位在海关工作的女士是友好的，故B项正确。答案：B2．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“chuckling”inParagraph3?A．Talkingloudly. B．Comparing.C．Laughingquietly. D．Hearing.解析：考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Inclassroomdiscussions，peoplewouldsay...wasgreatfun.Afterthefirstfewweeks，Istoppedchucklingaboutthis”并结合“Prettysoon，I...said‘cheers’”可推知，在教室讨论时，“我”发现他们的发音很有趣，几周后，“我”适应了他们的发音，所以不再偷笑。故画线词意为“偷笑”，C项正确。答案：C3．Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A．ToexplainwhyScotlandisfamousforgolf.B．TopromotethedevelopmentofScottishcateringtrade.C．Tointroducedifferentpronunciationsof“em”and“um”．D．TosharehisexperiencesinScotlandasanexchangestudent.解析：考查目的意图。通读全文并结合第一段中的“Inmybrieftimethere，IcametoloveScotlandforitslocalculture，foodandscenery”可知，本文旨在和读者分享“我”在苏格兰做交换生期间所感受到的苏格兰文化、美食和美景。答案：DB(湖南长沙高三年级统一模拟)AnewstudybytheBritishgovernmenthasdiscoveredthementalhealthofthecountry’steenagegirlshasbecomeworse.Thesurvey，whichincluded30,00014­year­oldstudentsin2005and2014，showed37percentofgirlswithpsychologicalstress，upfrom34percentin2005.Britishboys’stresslevelwasactuallyseentofalloverthesametimeperiod，from17percentto15percent.Thereport’sauthorspointedoutthe“adventofthesocialmediaage”couldbeamajorcontributingfactorforincreasedstressamongteenageBritishgirls.“Theadolescentyearsareatimeofrapidphysical，cognitive(认知的)andemotionaldevelopment，”PamRamsden，alecturerinpsychologyattheUniversityofBradfordintheUnitedKingdom,wroteinarecentblogpost.“Teenagersinteractwithpeopleinordertolearnhowtobecomecompetent(有能力的)adults.Inthepast，theywouldengagewithparents,teachersandotheradultsintheircommunityaswellasextendedfamilymembersandfriends.Nowwecanalsoaddsocialmediatothatlistofsocialandemotionaldevelopment.”Throughoutadolescence，girlsandboysdevelopcharacteristicslikeconfidenceandself­control.Sinceteenagebrainshavenotcompletelydeveloped，teensdon’thavethecognitiveawarenessandimpulse(冲动)controltokeepfrompostinginappropriatecontent.Furthermore，thiscontentcaneasilybespreadfarandwidewithdisastrousinfluences.Socialmediacanalsofeedintogirls’insecuritiesabouttheirappearance，Ramsdensaid.Thesesitesareoftenfilledwithimagesofpeoplewithbodytypeunattainabletothenormalperson.However，theseimagesandthemessagestiedtothemgraduallybecomesocietalstandards.语篇解读一项新研究发现，英国少女的心理健康状况变得更糟；分析表明，社交媒体时代的到来可能是造成英国少女心理压力加大的主要因素。4．Thestatisticsinthesecondparagraphshowthat________.A．moreandmorechildreninBritainhavementalhealthproblemsB．fewgirlsinBritainsufferedfrompsychologicalstressin2005C．moreboysinBritainaresufferingfrommentalpressurenowD．moreBritishgirlsfeelpsychologicallystressedthanboysdonow解析：考查推理判断。根据第二段的第一句可知，调查显示，2014年37%的英国少女有心理压力，而2005年只有34%；根据第二段的第二句可知，同期调查显示，英国少年有心理压力的从2005年的17%降到2014年的15%。据此可以判断，英国少女有心理压力的比少年多，故D项正确。答案：D5.Contrarytotraditionalwaysofinteraction，socialmedia________.A．helpsteenagersdevelopqualitieslikeconfidenceandself­controlB．hasmanynegativeeffectsongirls’characteristicdevelopmentC．makesteensawareofpotentialdangeroftheinappropriatecontentD．teachesgirlstocareabouttheirappearancetomeetsocietalstandards解析：考查细节理解。根据第五段的最后一句“Furthermore，thiscontentcaneasilybespreadfarandwidewithdisastrousinfluences”和最后一段第一句的“Socialmediacanalsofeedintogirls’insecuritiesabouttheirappearance”可知，由于青少年的思想还不成熟，自控能力有限，社交媒体对英国少女的心理健康和她们对外表美丑的判断产生了消极的影响。故B项正确。答案：B6．Theunderlinedword“advent”inParagraph3canbereplacedby“________”．A．arrival B．endC．disappearance D．invention解析：考查词义猜测。结合该段内容和下文关于传统交流方式和社交媒体的比较可知，报告的作者指出，“社交媒体时代的到来”可能是造成英国少女心理压力增加的主要因素。据此可知，画线词意为“到来”，故A项正确。答案：AC(安庆二模)Draggingasleighloadedwithenoughpresentsfortheworld’schildrencanbenoeasyskill.But，sinceancienttimes，theChristmasEvedutyhasbeenperformedwithdistinctionbyateamofbelovedreindeer(驯鹿)．Soon，however，SantaClausmayhavetostartlookingaroundforastrongertypeofanimal，asanewresearchshowsthespeciesisbecomingincreasinglypuny.A16­yearsurveyonthearcticNorwegianislandofSvalbardfoundthereindeertherehavedeclinedinweightbyanalarming12percent.Thereductioninaveragebody­massisbeingblamedonglobalwarming.IntheresearchpresentedlatelyatameetingoftheBritishEcologicalSocietyinLiverpool，scientistshaveexplainedhowrisingtemperaturesarerobbingfemalereindeerofnutrientsduringimportantperiodsofpregnancy.SnowinSvalbardtypicallycoversthegroundforeightmonthsoftheyear，which，combinedwithlowtemperatures，limitsgrassgrowthtoJuneandJuly.Butassummertemperatureshaveincreasedbyaround1.5℃，grasshasbecomemoreproductive，allowingfemalereindeertogainmoreweightbytheautumnandthereforetohavemorebabies.However，warmerwintershavebroughtwiththemgreaterrainfallwhichfreezeswhenitsettlesonthesnow.Reindeercanoftenaccessthepoorfoodsourcesbeneaththesnowbyclearingitawaywiththeirantlers(鹿角)，buttheycannotbreakthroughthehardice.Asaresult，femalereindeerarebecomingstarved，causingthemtoaborttheirbabiesorgivebirthtomuchlighteryoung.Despitethefindings，reindeerappeartobesufferinglessfromtheeffectofclimatechangethansomeotherarcticspecies.Lastweekthescientistswarnedthatathirdoftheworld’spolarbearscoulddisappearinthenext40years.语篇解读本文主要介绍了一项关于驯鹿受气候变化影响的研究。7．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“puny”inParagraph2?A．Strong. B．Mature.C．Heavy. D．Weak.解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Soon，however，SantaClausmayhavetostartlookingaroundforastrongertypeofanimal...”可知，圣诞老人可能很快就得开始寻找一种更加强壮的动物了，由此可推断出驯鹿不像以前那样强壮了，故puny的意思为“瘦弱的”，与weak意思相近。答案：D8.Whydofemalereindeerbecomefatinautumn?A．Thetemperatureisgettinglow.B．Theygivebirthtomorebabies.C．Grasshasgrownwellsincesummer.D．Theyoftenbreakthroughthehardice.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Butassummertemperatureshaveincreasedbyaround1.5℃，grasshasbecomemoreproductive，allowingfemalereindeertogainmoreweightbytheautumnandthereforetohavemorebabies.”可知，由于夏季气温会升高约1.5℃，牧草更茂盛，使得雌性驯鹿到了秋天会变胖。答案：C9．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Climatechangehaslittleeffectonreindeer.B．Polarbearssuffermorefromclimatechange.C．Reindeerhavenotroublefindingfoodinwinter.D．Polarbearswilldisappearinthenearfuture.解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，驯鹿受气候变化的影响似乎比其他北极的生物受到的影响要小，且科学家们警告称，全球三分之一的北极熊可能在未来40年内消失。答案：B10.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．TheChristmasEvedutywillstillbecarriedoutbyreindeer.B．Reindeerhasdecreasedinweightowingtoglobalwarming.C．Globalwarmingcontributestomoreyoungreindeer.D．Manyarcticspeciesareattheriskofdyingout.解析：主旨大意题。通读文章，本文主要介绍全球变暖导致驯鹿平均体重降低了12%，故选B项。A项表述并非事实；C、D两项偏离主题。答案：B阅读理解题型突破(六)猜测短语类A(陕西省西安市高三模拟)Twoyounggiant­pandatwinsbornintheUnitedStateshavereturnedhometoChina，butarestrugglingtoadapttothelanguageandfood.The3­year­oldsisters，MeiLunandMeiHuan，werethefirstsurvivingpandatwinstobebornintheUnitedStates，andwerereturnedtoChinafromZooAtlantaonNov.5.ButthepairstillunderstandEnglishbetterthanChinese，andpreferAmericanbiscuitstoChinesebread.Azoo­keepersaidthathismainconcernisthatthepairaresoaddictedtoAmericanbiscuitsthateverythingtheyeat—frombamboostoapples—hastobemixedwithbiscuits.Theyevenwanttosnackon(吃零食)biscuitswhendrinkingwater.Thezoo­keeperistryingtowean_them_offtheirbiscuithabit，graduallyreplacingtheAmericanfoodwithChinesebread.MeiHuanisadapting，butMeiLundoesn’twanttotouchtheunfamiliarbread.MeiLunisthelivelierofthetwo，oftenjumpingontotheroofandhangingupsidedownfromarail，butherslightlyyoungersisterMeiHuaniscalmer，preferringtositstill，observehernewenvironmentandoccasionallysnackonbamboo.Alanguagebarrierisalsoreported.Whilethepairrespondtotheirownnames，andunderstandsomeEnglishphrasessuchas“comehere”，theydon’tunderstandtheSichuandialectofChinese.ThenewscausedsomelaughteronChinesesocialmedia，withsomeuserscommentingthatthepandaswouldsoongetusedtoSichuan’sfamousspicycuisine.语篇解读本文是一则新闻报道，介绍了从美国归来的熊猫美轮和美奂目前还不能适应中国的语言和食物的事情。1.Basedonthepassage，whichstatementdoyouthinkisright?A．ThepandatwinscanfitinwellinSichuan.B．ThepandatwinsareonlyfondofSichuanfoodanddishes.C．Thepandatwinshavebeenusedtothenewenvironmentveryquickly.D．It’shardforthepandatwinstogetusedtothenewenvironmentsoon.解析：细节理解题。根据文章首句中的“butarestrugglingtoadapttothelanguageandfood”可知，从美国归国的熊猫正努力适应新的语言和食物，且从第二、三段可知，它们并没有很快适应新环境。答案：D2．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“weanthemoff”inthefourthparagraphmean?A．Helpthemgetridof.B．Helpthemform.C．Helpthemstrengthen.D．Helpthemkeep.解析：词义猜测题。根据画线部分后面的“graduallyreplacingtheAmericanfoodwithChinesebread”可知，饲养员逐步尝试用中国面包代替美国饼干，目的是让熊猫们戒掉对美国饼干的“依恋”。由此可猜测，weanthemoff的意思是“使它们逐渐戒除”。答案：A3.Fromthepassagewelearnthatofthetwosisters________.A．MeiHuanmainlyeatsbambooB．MeiLunislivingamoreactivelifeC．MeiHuanisnotsmarterthanMeiLunD．MeiLunisasquietasheryoungersister解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“MeiLunisthelivelierofthetwo”可知，美轮是两只熊猫中较活跃的一只，故B项正确。根据第五段中的“butherslightlyyoungersisterMeiHuaniscalmer，preferringtositstill，observehernewenvironmentandoccasionallysnackonbamboo”可知，A、D项表述错误，C项在文中并未提及。答案：BB(湖南十三校第一次联考)ShowroomingOneofthebiggestchallengesfacingbrick­and­mortarretailers(实体零售店)inrecentyearshasbeenthe“showrooming”．Drivenbythedesiretogetthebestprices，manyshoppersarenowvisitingbrick­and­mortarstorestopersonallycheckonproductsthatinterestthem，onlytoleaveandthenbuytheitemsonline.Thenewtrendisforcingretailerstofindoutnewwaystokeepconsumersfromleavingtheirstoreforcheaperpricesonline.Recentresearchfoundthat40percentofUSshoppershaveshowroomedpreviously，withbig­boxretailerssufferingthemost.Specifically，thestudyshowsthatBestBuy，WalmartandTargetarethemostlikelybrick­and­mortarstorestohaveshopperstestoutaproductin­storeandthenpurchaseitonlinelater，whileAmazonisbenefitingmostfromthepractice，withnearly60percentofshoppersusingtheonlineretailgiant(巨人)mostoftentomaketheirshowroomingpurchases.Smartphoneshavepushedshowroomingintothefront.Shoppersnolongerhavetowaituntiltheygethometoseeiftheycanfindacheaperpricefortheproductsthey’reconsideringbuying.Withsmartphones，consumerscannowcomparevirtualprices，atbothotherbrick­and­mortarstoresandonlineoneswhilestillinsidearetailstore.Iftheycanfindwhatthey’reseekingforlessexpensiveonline，themajoritywillbeseeking_the_first_exit.Arecentstudyshowedthat45percentofcustomersshoppingatbrick­and­mortarstoreswalkoutandbuytheirpurchasesonlineforadiscountofaslittleas2.5percent.Thisputspressureonretailerstoprovidebothanin­storeexperienceworthstayingforandanonlinepresencethatcanattractshopperswhoareshowroominginotherbusinesses.Tocutdownonshowrooming，manyretailersareadoptingnewmethodstokeepshoppersintheirstores.Amongthestepsthey’retakingareprice­matchingguaranteesthatallowshopperstopayadiscountedpriceiftheyfinditcheaperonline.Thisensuresthatevenashowroomingshoppercanmakethepurchaseinthestore—regardlessofwhethertheyfindthecheaperpriceonline.Anotherpopularmethodtofightagainstshowroomingistogiveshopperstheabilitytobuysomethingonlineandpickitupatthestore.Thisreducesshoppingcostsandgetscustomersinthestore，wheretheymaybeencouragedtomakeanadditionalpurchase.Itisalsoimportantforbusinessestotakeintoconsiderationwhatmakesshopperspurchasesomethingin­storeratherthanonline，andmeetthoseneeds.Researchhasfoundthatmorethan8in10Americansconsiderbeingabletotakethegoodshomeimmediatelyandtheabilitytotouchandfeelthem—themostimportantaspectswhendecidingtopurchaseinastoreratherthanonline.语篇解读近年来，实体店面临的最大挑战就是消费者在实体店体验产品之后，却在网上购买产品。针对此现象，许多零售商开始实施新的策略，以把顾客留在实体店。4．Accordingtothepassage，ashowroomingshoppertendsto________.A．payforeverythingonlineB．purchaseonlineforalowerpriceC．rushtobuythingsinastoreD．havebetterbargainingskills解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Drivenbythedesiretogetthebestprices，manyshoppersarenowvisitingbrick­and­mortarstorestopersonallycheckonproductsthatinterestthem，onlytoleaveandthenbuytheitemsonline.”可知，这个群体的消费者一般都是先从实体店里看过或试过想购买的商品，然后再在网络上搜索这些商品并购买。答案：B5．Whatcontributestothegrowingpopularityofshowrooming?A．Theadvertisementsbyonlineretailgiants.B．Thecompetitionbetweenbigstores.C．Thewideuseofsmartphones.D．Thedeclineofthebrick­and­mortarstores.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Smartphoneshavepushedshowroomingintothefront.”可知，正是智能手机推动了这种现象。答案：C6．Theunderlinedwords“seekingthefirstexit”inParagraph3probablymean“________”．A．searchingforlowerpricesB．makingapurchaseonthespotC．locatingthefirstexitquicklyD．leavingassoonaspossible解析：词义猜测题。根据对画线部分所在句子前后句的理解可知，消费者通过网络搜寻到这种货物在网络中的售价比实体店的售价便宜后，他们会立刻离开实体店，然后在网店下单购买。答案：D7．Thelastthreeparagraphsmainlytalkaboutwaysof________.A．increasingsalesatstoresB．preventingpurchaseonlineC．satisfyingcustomers’needsD．advisingshopperstobuymore解析：推理判断题。分析文章的后三段，从每一段的首句都可以看出，这三段都是在讲述让实体店挽回顾客增加盈利的一些方法与措施。答案：AC(云南高三年级11校跨区调研)Ifourkidsdon’tfall，theydon’tlearntogetup.Istillrememberthedayinhighschoolthatmymomforgottopickmeupfromschool.I’mtheoldestoffourchildren，andnodoubtshe’dhadalongdaywiththeotherkidsandit’dslippedhermind.Afterwaitingatschoolforanhour，Iwalkedthethreemileshome，andwhenIgottomyhouse，Ishutourfrontdoorwithanger，stormedintothekitchenandscreamedinmymom’sfacethatshe’dforgottenme.Laterthatnight，mydadtoldmeInolongerhadaridetoschoolthenextday.Ifiguredmymomwouldstilltakeme，butwhenthemorningcame，sherefused.Itwasmidterm，andasastraight­Astudentreadytostartcollegeapplications，beinglatewasn’tanoption.Inmymind，missingthesetestswouldhavebeentheendofmyacademiccareer.Ibeggedmymom.ItoldhershewasruiningmyfutureandeverythingI’dworkedfor.Butsheheld_her_ground,_andthatday，Iwalkedtoschool.AndImissedmytests.Mymomdidn’trescuemefromfailure.Sheletmesufferfromit.Sheletmefigureitout.Sheletmelearn.Now，asamommyself，I’verealizedthatIwantmykidstoexperiencefailurebecausefailureishowwegrow，learnandthinkoutsideofourselves.It’showweself­educatetolearnwhat’srightandrespectable，andwhat’snot.It’showwebecomeresponsibleandenthusiastic.Fallingdownmakesusbetter，becausewelearnhowtogetup.语篇解读本文作者通过亲身体会告诉我们：失败让我们变得更好，因为我们在失败中学会成长。8．Whydidtheauthorshoutathermother?A．Becauseshewastiredafterwalkinghome.B．Becauseshemissedsomeimportanttests.C．Becausehermotherhadruinedherfuture.D．Becausehermotherdidn’tpickheruphome.解析：考查细节理解。根据第一段的“Afterwaitingatschoolforanhour，Iwalkedthethreemileshome，andwhenIgottomyhouse，Ishutourfrontdoorwithanger，stormedintothekitchenandscreamedinmymom’sfacethatshe’dforgottenme”可知，作者在学校等了一个小时，后来自己走回了家，因此她对妈妈没有去学校接她非常生气。答案：D9.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutherexperiencenow?A．Disappointed. B．Merciful.C．Beneficial. D．Embarrassed.解析：考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Now，asamommyself，I’verealizedthatIwantmykidstoexperiencefailurebecausefailureishowwegrow，learnandthinkoutsideofourselves”说明作者现在认为她之前的经历对她是有益的(Beneficial)。答案：C10．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“heldherground”inParagraph2mean?A．Stucktoherdecision.B．Gaveintome.C．Saidyestome.D．Stayedintheplace.解析：考查词义猜测。根据第二段的“Butsheheld_her_ground，andthatday，Iwalkedtoschool”中But的转折意味以及后面作者仍然走着去上学可知，妈妈仍坚持她的观点，没有送作者去上学。答案：A11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．OfferYourKidsHelpifNecessaryB．StopRescuingYourKidsfromFailureC．BeResponsibleforYourKids’FailureD．TrytoMeetYourKids’Demands解析：考查标题判断。根据第三段和第四段的叙述，尤其是第三段的“Mymomdidn’trescuemefromfailure”及“Iwantmykidstoexperiencefailurebecausefailureishowwegrow，learnandthinkoutsideofourselves”可知，B项最适合作文章标题。答案：B阅读理解题型突破(七)猜测指代类A(山东部分重点中学第一次调研)MusiciconBobDylanwillnotattendtheNobelceremonyinDecemberbecausehehasothercommitments，theSwedishAcademysaidonWednesday.“TheSwedishAcademyreceivedapersonalletterfromBobDylanyesterdaywhereheexplainedthathecouldnotmakehimselfavailableinDecember...，”itsaidinastatement.“Hewishesthathecouldaccepttheawardpersonally，butothercommitmentsmakeitunfortunatelyimpossible.HeunderlinedthathefeltincrediblyhonoredbytheNobelPrize，”itadded.TheSwedishAcademysaiditrespectedDylan’sdecision，butthatitwas“unusual”foraNobellaureatenottocometoStockholmtoaccepttheawardinperson.NobellaureatesarehonoredeveryyearonDecember10—thedeathanniversaryoftheprize’sfounderAlfredNobel，aSwedishindustrialist，inventorandphilanthropist.SeveralotherliteratureprizewinnershaveskippedtheNobelceremonyinthepastforvariousreasons—BritishwriterDorisLessingongroundsofillhealth,BritishplaywrightHaroldPinterbecausehewashospitalizedandAustrianplaywrightandnovelistElfriedeJelinekduetosocialphobia.“WelookforwardtoBobDylan’sNobellecture，whichhemustcarryout—itistheonlyrequirement—withinsixmonthsstartingfromDecember10,2016，”theacademysaid.语篇解读本文主要介绍了2016年诺贝尔文学奖的获得者BobDylan缺席颁奖仪式的故事。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A．receivingapersonalletterB．expressinghimselfinastatementC．feelinghonoredbytheawardD．acceptingtheawardpersonally解析：考查代词指代。根据第三段的“Hewishesthathecouldaccepttheawardpersonally”可推知，此处的it代指的是亲自去领奖。答案：D2．WhatistheSwedishAcademy’sattitudetowardsBobDylan’sdecision?A．supportive B．oppositeC．indifferent D．tolerant解析：考查观点