Unit4+Words+and+Expression课件【知识精讲精研】高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

Unit4WordsandExpressionJessica1.interaction[ˌɪntərˈækʃən] n.交流；相互影响viinteractinteractwithaudience与观众/听众/读者互动adjinteractive相互交流的前缀：inter-“在--之间，相互”internationalinternetinterplay相互影响interview面试，采访，接见

2.vary

vi.(根据情况)变化；改变varyfrom...to...

在……到……之间变化；从……到……不等varyinsth. 在某方面不同(size/weight/height/length/width/depth/broadness)varywith... 随……而变化variety

n. 多样化；变化；种类various

adj. (＝avarietyof/varietiesof)多种多样的单句语法填空(1)Thecenterprovidesa_________(various)ofactivitiesincludingtennis,swimmingandsoon.(2)Weofteninvitedifferentpeopletoshareopinionson_________(vary)topics.varietyvarious

3.appropriate

adj.合适的；恰当的；适当的

反：inappropriatebeappropriateto/for

适合于beappropriate/suitable/fitfor

beappropriatetodosth. 做某事很合适Itis/wasappropriatethatsb.(should)dosth.

某人做某事是合适的。appropriatelyadv. 适当地；恰当地（1）Thepurposeofscienceisonlytomakeacorrectandappropriatestatementofobjectivethings.科学的目的只不过是对看客观事物做出正确恰当的陈述。(2)It'simportantforyoutomakeyourkidsknowthatyouexpectthemtoact_______________(appropriate)towardotherpeople.appropriately4.bycontrast [baɪˈkɒntrɑːst]相比之下=incomparison(compare)proveinferiorbycontrast

相形见绌5.approve

vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过(1)approveof(sb./sb.'s)doingsth. 赞成/同意某人做某事approveof=agreewith=befor=support(2)approvaln.

赞成；通过；同意；认可；批准meetwithone'sapproval 得到某人的赞许giveone'sapprovaltosth. 批准某事；同意某事(3)approvingadj. 赞许的；许可的=favorable=supportive=optimistic=positive

阅读技巧：作者的态度是文章的基本基调，做题时如果与作者态度相反的选项可直接排除。反义：disapprovevi不赞成disapproveof=beagainstdisapprovingadj=opposed=negative=doubtful不赞成的=反对的=否定的=怀疑的单句语法填空(1)Somestudentsapprove____creatingmicroblogsfortheycanbefreetovoicetheirideas.(2)Wehavemadeadjustmentstoourplansothatitcanmeetwithyour__________(approve).ofapproval6.demonstrate[ˈdɛmənstreɪt] vt.表现display；表达=convey；说明=illustrate；证明=provedemonstraterespect表示尊重n.

demonstration

7.gesture[ˈʤɛsʧə]n.手势；姿势；姿态Asmallgestureofkindnessdoesgenerateblessings,evenlightingupthedarkworldthatsomeoneisbathedin.（续写）一个小小的善举确实可以带来幸运，甚至点亮一个人深深沉浸的灰暗世界。关键词：小善举的大影响适用主题：多年前的无意善举成就了另一个人8.witness

vt.当场看到；目击；见证

n．目击者；证人(1)witnesssth./that...

目击……witnessto(doing)sth.证实/为……作证(2)awitnessof/tosth.某事/物的目击者/见证人/证明/证据Yoursuccessisawitnesstoyoureffort.你的成功是你努力的见证。单句语法填空(1)China_______________(witness)greatprogressinscienceandtechnologyovertheyears.(2)Theboywitnessedto_____________(see)thethiefnearthesceneofthecrime.haswitnessedhavingseen9.employ

vt.使用；应用；雇用；利用(时间、精力等)

hireemploysb.todosth.

雇用某人做某事beemployedin＝employoneselfin 忙于beoccupied/engaged/busyindoingsthemploymentn. 雇用employern. 雇用者；雇主employeen. 雇员；雇工Theemployershavemaketheireffortstocreatemoreemploymentchancessothatmoreemployeescanbeemployed.

雇主尽最大的努力创造更多的就业机会来让更多的员工被雇用。(3)______________________________，Ican'tsparesometimetointeractwithmyfriends.(过去分词短语作状语)(4)____________________________________，Ican'tsparesometimetointeractwithmyfriends.(现在分词短语作状语)每天忙于学习，我不能匀出时间与老师和同学面对面地交流。EmployedinlearningeverydayEmployingmyselfinlearningeveryday10.identical[aɪˈdɛntɪkəl]adj.相同的beidenticalto/with=bethesameas

besimilartobedifferentfrom

interpret[ɪnˈtɜːprɪt]vi.＆vt.把……理解（解释）为;.口译interpret…as…把…理解/解释为interpreter口译译员interpretationn.解释，理解；表演11.differ

vi.相异；不同于differfrom...in... 与……在……方面不同differentadj. 不同的bedifferentfrom...(in...) 与……(在……方面)不同differencen. 差别；不同(之处)makeadifference 有影响；起(重要)作用Goodhabitsformedatyouthmakeallthedifference.——Aristotlemakeallthedifference关系重大；大不相同；有很大影响makenodifference

对某人不重要，没什么影响12.cheek[ʧiːk]n.面频；脸频herrosycheeks红润的脸颊hissweatycheeks汗湿的脸颊kisssbonone'scheek亲吻某人的脸颊13.favour

vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于

n.帮助；恩惠；赞同favourdoingsth. 较喜欢做某事dosb.afavour＝doafavourforsb. 帮某人忙beinfavour(ofsb./sth.)befor

赞同/支持(某人/某事)inone'sfavour 有利于某人owesbafavor欠某人一个人情单句语法填空/补全句子(1)Ourproductshavegoodfameallovertheworld,deeply_______(favour)bycustomers.(2)Hecan'tunderstandwhymostpeoplearen't____________________(赞成他的观点).favouredinfavourofhisopinion14.bow[baʊ]vivt.鞠躬；点头；低头；

bowdownbowtosbbowhisheadinshamen.弓；蝴蝶结bowandarrow弓箭

bowtie蝴蝶结15.breakdown

消除；(机器)损坏，破坏；破裂；(身体)垮掉；(化学)分解breakinto

破门而入；闯入breakout (战争)爆发；(火灾)突然发生breakup 结束；破裂breakthrough 突破breakoff断绝，中断breakaway逃离，解脱breaktheice打破僵局，破冰16.anger

n．愤怒；怒气vt.使生气；激怒inanger＝angrily

生气地holdback/containone'sanger 抑制某人的怒火toone'sanger使某人生气的是controlone'sanger强压某人的怒火angryadj.

生气的；愤怒的beangrywith 对……生气17.reliable

adj.可靠的；可信赖的

反：unreliable副：reliablyrelyv.

信任，信赖；依赖，依靠relyon/upon＝dependon/counton 依靠，依赖relyonitthat... 相信/依赖……relyonsbtodosth.relyonsb'sdoingsth.相信/依赖某人做某事18.trial[ˈtraɪəl]n.＆v.审讯；审判；试验；试用afairtrial公正的审判goontrail受审，开庭

throughtrialanderror通过反复试验Lifeisatest,andthisworldisaplaceoftrial.人生是一种考验，而这个世界就是考场。19.slight[slaɪt]adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的aslightfrown略皱眉头slightly[ˈslaɪtli]adv.略微；稍微20.assessment[əˈsɛsmənt]n.评价；评定makeanassessment/assessmentsof对…做出评估Whilesettingyourgoals,youshouldmakeanassessmentofyourpresentsituation.assess[əˈsɛs]vt.评估；评价assess…as（doing）sth评估/评定…为…Someoftheseadultswereassessedashavinglearningdifficulties.这些成人中有一些被评定为有学习障碍。21.internal[ɪnˈtɜːnl]adj.内部的；里面的反：externaladj.外来的；外部的Externalbeautycanonlypleasepeople’seyes,butinternalbeautycaninfectpeople’ssouls.外表的美可以取悦人的眼睛，但内在的美却能感染人的灵魂。——伏尔泰22.straightenup直起来；整理；收拾整齐Weusuallystraightenuptomakeourselvesbigger.我们通常挺直腰板，使自己的块头显得更大。Aftersomanyyearsofhardwork,sheistiredoutandcannotstraightenupatall.

经过多年的辛苦工作，她累得腰都直不起来了。

straightenadj+en——vshortenwidendeepenbrightendarken

23.pose[pəʊz]vivt.故作姿态；（为画像、拍照等摆的）姿势;摆好姿势;造成（威胁、问题等）poseathreat/challenge/danger/risk

to

对---构成威胁╱挑战╱危险╱风险24.bend[bɛnd]vt.＆v.（bent，bent) （使）弯曲；倾斜；偏向benddown弯腰bendone'smind/effortstodosth某人致力于做某事bendthetruth歪曲事实n.拐弯，弯道asharpbendintheroad路上的急转弯25.reveal[rɪˈviːl]vt.揭示；显示；露出revealthetruth/answer揭示真相；揭晓答案26.clarify[ˈklærɪfaɪ]vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清clarifyone'sstand/attitude/mind/position阐明某人的立场/态度/想法/立场clarificationn.澄清27.tick[tɪk]vt/vi.给（试卷、问题等）打钩号;.I'vetickedthenamesofthepeoplewhohavepaid.

我在已付款者的姓名旁画了钩。n.（钟表）发出嘀嗒声;钩号Theonlysoundwasthesofttickoftheclock.

唯一的响声是钟表轻轻的滴答声。

tickalltheboxes满足所有的要求，符合所有的标准Thisjodticksallmyboxes.这份工作满足了我的所有标准。27.inotherwords换句话说；也就是说

（thatis=thatistosay=namely）inaword

总之；简言之keepone'sword 遵守诺言breakone'sword 失信；不信守诺言haveawordwith... 与……谈一谈28.tendency

n.趋势；倾向haveatendencytodosth.

倾向于做某事tendv.

往往会；倾向于，趋向tendtodosth. 倾向于做某事，往往会做某事tendtosb.（attendto）

照料/照看/护理某人单句语法填空(1)Thegapbetweentherichandthepoorhasa__________(tend)tobecomesmallerandsmaller.(2)Heisalwaysveryrude,whichiswhypeopletend_________(avoid)him.tendencytoavoid29.lower[ˈləʊə]vt把……放低；降低；减少;.lower/bow/droop/hanghishead垂下头lowerhisvoice降低他的声音adj.下面的；下方的；较小的intheupper/lowerdrawer在上/下抽屉里30.imply[ɪmˈplaɪ]vt.意味着；暗示n.implication（implyingimpliedimplied）31.barely[ˈbeəli]adv.几乎不=seldom/rarely/scarcely/hardlyIhadbarelystartedspeakingwhenheinterruptedme.

我刚刚开始讲话，他便打断了我。32.occupy

vt.占据；占用occupyoneselfwithsth./indoingsth.忙于(做)某事；专心于(做)某事occupiedadj.

忙于……的；使用中的；被占领的beoccupied(in)doingsth. 忙于做某事beoccupiedwithsth. 忙于某事occupationn.

占领；职业；工作(1)_______________________________________,shecouldn'tspareanytimefortheparty.(形容词短语作状语)(2)_________________________________________,shecouldn'tspareanytimefortheparty.(现在分词短语作状语)由于忙于准备考试，她没有时间参加聚会。OccupiedingettingreadyfortheexamOccupyingherselfingettingreadyfortheexam35.stare

vi.盯着看；凝视n．凝视stareat

凝视；盯着看staresb.upanddown 上下打量某人staresb.intheface 盯着某人的脸看eg：Hegavemealongstare.

他盯着我看了很久。36.ceiling[ˈsiːlɪŋ]n.天花板；上限hittheceiling/roof情绪激动到极点，大发雷霆37.distract[dɪsˈtrækt]vt.分散（注意力）；使分心You'redistractingmefrommywork.

你使我不能专心工作。ndistraction使人分心的事物38.distinguish

vi.&vt.区分；辨别distinguishbetween...and... 区分/辨别……和……distinguish...from... 使……有别于……；（rightandwrong）

把……与……区分开distinguishoneself(as...) 使出众；使著名distinguishedadj.

卓越的；尊贵的bedistinguishedfor 因……闻名/杰出bedistinguishedas 作为……而闻名/杰出39.anxiety

n.焦虑；担心；害怕withanxiety（anxiously）

焦虑地anxiousadj.

焦虑的；不安的；渴望的beanxiousaboutsth. 为某事担心/担忧beanxiousforsb. 为某人担心beanxiousforsth.（eager）

渴望某事beanxioustodosth. 急于做某事eg：Withtheexamapproaching,Iwasfullofanxiety.语法填空(1)Welookedaroundwith_________(anxious)andrealizedthatwegotlost.Wewereanxious_______oursafety，andtherefore，wewereanxious_________(find)ourwayhome.(2)Shegaveupherjoblastweekandisanxious________(find)anewjobnow.anxietyabouttofindtofind40.embarrassed

adj.难堪的；尴尬的

embarrassingadj. 令人尴尬的beembarrassedtodosth. 对做某事感到尴尬beembarrassedabout/at... 对……感到难为情/不知所措embarrassmentn.

尴尬，难为情toone'sembarrassment 让某人尴尬的是embarrassvt.

使难堪，使尴尬单句语法填空(1)Thegirlstoodtherewith_______________(embarrass),feelingthebloodrushingtoherface.(2)The_____________lookonhisfacesuggestedhewasinan______________situation.(embarrass)embarrassmentembarrassedembarrassing令我尴尬的是，那时我记不起他的名字了。(3)______________________，hisnameescapedmeatthattime.(embarrassment)(4)__________________________________________，

hisnameescapedmeatthattime.(what引导主语从句)TomyembarrassmentWhatembarrassedme/Whatmademeembarrassed41.ashamed

adj.羞愧；惭愧beashamedof...

为……而感到羞耻beashamedtodosth. 羞于/耻于做某事shamen.

羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事It'sashamethat... ……真让人遗憾。toone'sshame 令某人羞愧的是Whatashame/pity! 真遗憾！(1)Shewas________(shame)toasksuchasimplequestion.(2)Notfeel

ashamed________

(ask)andlearnfrompeoplebelow.(3)Her