新概念英语第二册+Lesson+39+Am+I+all+right？讲义

lesson39AmIallright？🌻Part1:TextWhile

John

Gilbert

was

in

hospital,

he

asked

his

doctor

to

tell

him

whether

his

operation

had

been

successful,

but

the

doctor

refused

to

do

so.

The

following

day,

the

patient

asked

for

a

bedside

telephone.

When

he

was

alone,

he

telephoned

the

hospital

exchange

and

asked

for

Doctor

Millington.

When

the

doctor

answered

the

phone,

Mr

Gilbert

said

he

was

inquiring

about

a

certain

patient,

a

Mr

John

Gilbert.

He

asked

if

Mr

Gilbert’s

operation

had

been

successful

and

the

doctor

told

him

that

it

had

been.

He

then

asked

when

Mr

Gilbert

would

be

allowed

to

go

home

and

the

doctor

told

him

that

he

would

have

to

stay

in

hospital

for

another

two

weeks.

Then

Dr

Millington

asked

the

caller

if

he

was

a

relative

of

the

patient.’

No,’

the

patient

answered,’

I

am

Mr

John

Gilbert.’

🌻Part2:Newwordsandexpressions1

operation

[ˌɔpə'reiʃən]n.手术2

successful

[sək'sesfəl]a.成功的3

following['fɔləuiŋ]a.下一个4

patient

['peiʃənt]n.病人5

alone

[ə'ləun]a.独自的6

exchange

[iks'tʃeindʒ]n.(电话的)交换台7

inquire

[in'kwaiə]v.询问，打听8

certain

['sə:tən]a.某个9

caller

['kɔ:lə]n.打电话的人10

relative['relətiv]n.亲戚★operationn．手术1)手术Lateranoperationhelpedhertogetbackpartofhersight.Ihadanoperationonmyheart.operationroom

手术室

operationinstruments

手术器械doanoperation

onsb.

给某人做手术2)运转theoperationofanold一台旧机器的运转

bringintooperation/putintooperation投入运转，实施operate

v．1)操作，操纵（机器等），运作，运转operateamachine操纵一台机器

operatethelift开电梯Thissewingmachinedoesn‘toperateproperly.正确的2)经营，管理operateacompany经营一家公司Thecompanyoperatetenfactories.3)动手术operateonsbfor--为谁动手术The

surgeondecidedtooperateonherforappendicitis(盲肠)promptly.这个外科医生决定立刻为她做盲肠手术★successfuladj．成功的，结果圆满的，顺利的：（考试）及格的反义词：unsuccessfulsuccessfultrial

一次成功的尝试successfulcandidate当选者Theperformancewassuccessful．演出十分成功。★

followv．1)跟随，跟着Amanisrunning,followedbythreedogs.Theduckling(小鸭子)followeditsmothereverywhere.MondayfollowsSundays．

Beslowplease.Ican'tfollowyou/Ican'tcatchyou.2)沿着followthisroad沿着这条路走3)采纳followone'sadvice

采纳某人的建议followthecrowd随大流following

1)adj．接着的(nextintimeorinturn)Readthefollowingsentencesaloud.Hecamebackthefollowingday.Answerthefollowingquestions.

inthefollowingyear在翌年（在下一年）tomorrow在间接引语中换成thenext/thefollowingday2)prep.Followingthemeeting,coffeewillbeserved.会后将招待咖啡。★

patient1)n．（让医生诊治的）病人Thehospitalhasalotofpatients.insanepatients精神病人2)adj．有耐心的，能忍受的，能容忍的反义词：impatientbepatientwithsb

对某人有耐心bepatientofsth

对某事有耐心Youshouldbemorepatientwithothers.

Hewaspatientofhardships.他很能吃苦。Adoctormustbepatienttohispatients.Ifheisimpatienttohispatients,hewilllosehispatientsbecauseofhisimpatience.医生必须对病人有耐心，如果他对病人不耐烦，会因为对病人的不耐烦而失去病人。★

alone1)adj.

独自的，单独的（不能置于名词前）Helikesbeingalone．

Hishousestandsaloneonahill．2)adv．独自地Ilivealone．

我一个人住。Shelivesaloneinanapartment．

3)adv．只有，仅仅Youcannotliveonmeatalone.Eatmorevegetable.Shealonewasabletoanswerthequestion.★exchange1)n，交换，互换，交流，交易Isfiveapplesforfiveeggsafairexchange?Theymadeasilentexchangeofsmile．2)n．兑换：汇率：交流theexchangeofdollarsforpounds把美元兑换成英镑3)n．交易所theStockExchange证券交易所thestockmarket

证券交易市场4)n．电话交换台

(telephoneexchange)5)vt．交换，互换（问候等）MaryexchangedseatswithJohn.Weonlyexchangedafewwordsbecausewewereinahurry.I'vejustboughtthistie,butcanIexchangeitforthatone?★inquire(enquire)v．询问，查询（比ask正式）inquiresthofsb

向某人询问消息inquireaboutsb/sth

询问关于某人某事的消息，相当于askforinformation打听消息Heinquiredofthepolicemantheway.Iinquiredofhimwhetherhewouldcometotheparty.I'dliketoinquireaboutthetrainsforLondon.

Iwanttoinquireaboutacertainpatient.inquiresb‘sname询问某人的名字inquireinto调查,探究

inquireafter问候,询问起

inquireabout询问,查问,打听

inquireof询问,打听

inquirefor求见,要找

★certain1)adj．确定的，有把握的，常可与sure通用Theyaresuretobelate==Theyarecertaintobelate.

I'msurethatthey'llbelate==l'mcertainthatthey'll

belate．Onethingissure;

they'llbelate.

Onethingiscertain:they'llbelate.certain的语气比sure强，当it做主语，只用certain。Itiscertainthatthey'llbelate.2)adj.(未指明真实名称)某一个,(说出名称但不很熟悉的)某一个，一位姓…的人，置于名词前。AcertainMr.Browncalledwhileyouwereout.Forcertainreasons,I'llbeabsentforthemeeting.some修饰单数可数名词，表示“某个”Somemantitthedoorisaskingitseeyou.

forsomereason/foracertainreason

由于某种原因。★callern．打电话的人call

v．1)叫，喊2)callouttosbforsth向某人大声喊叫Hecalledouttoher．

他大声的喊她。calltheroll

点名callyourname

叫你的名字3)给…取名callthebabySophia

管这个小孩叫索菲亚callat

拜访

callon

拜访（某人）calloff

取消Thegamewascalledoffbecauseoftherain.callbox/telephonebooth/telephonebox公共电话亭★relative

n．亲戚，亲属aclose

relative/anearrelative近亲adistantrelative

远亲relationn．亲戚：关系Relationship

n.关系关联🌻Part

3:Notesonthetext★WhileJohnGilbertwas

inhospital,he

asked

hisdoctortotellhimwhetherhisoperationhadbeensuccessful,butthedoctor

refusedto

doso1.whileconj.1)当…时候，和…同时，只要HetookdbathwhileIwaspreparingdinner.准备饭2)当while所引导的从句与主句主语相同，且while从句的动词为be时，while从句的主语和be动词有时被省略。HewatchedTVwhilehewaseating.3)虽然，然而，另一方面Iearnonly50dollarsaweek,whilesheearns80dollars.我每周只挣50美元而她每周挣80美元。2.inhospital

住院

inthehospital

在医院（表示方位）beatschool

在课堂上，在求学

beattheschool

在学校3.asksbtodosth

让某人做某事askforsth/sb

要求要4.refusetodosth

拒绝做某事Herefusedtohelpme．

so

代词，代替前面的动词不定式

totellhimwhether…★Thefollowingday,thepatientaskedforabedsidetelephone.whenhewasalonehetelephonedthehospitalexchangeandaskedTorDotorMillington.1.

thefollowingday/thenextday第二天2.

bedside1)adj.床边的枕边的床头柜bedsidetable床头灯bedsidelamp2)n．床边whenhewasalone

相当于whenhewasonhisown

当他一个人的时候★Whenthedoctor

answered

thephone,Mr.Gilbertsaidhewasinquiringaboutacertainpatient,aMr.JohnGilbert.answerthephone

接电话answeraletter

回信answeraquestion

回答一个问题answersb.

回答某人★HeaskedifMr.Gilbert'soperationhadbeensuccessfulandthedoctortoldhimthatithadbeen.WasMr.Gilbert'soperationsuccessful?Yes,

itwas.将原句转化就成了句中的间接引语了。★HethenaskedwhenMr.Gilbertwouldbeallowedtogohomeandthedoctortoldhimthathewouldhavetostayinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.when引导一个宾语从句，that引导一个宾语从句两个宾语从句，还原为直接引语：'WhenwillMr.Gilbertbeallowedtogohome?'heasked.'Hewillhavetostayinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.'thedoctorsaid.wouldbeallowed过去将来时被动语态another

adj.：另一个，类似的，别的anothertwoweeks另外两星期★ThenDr.MillingtonaskedthecallerifhewasarelativeofthePatient.'No.'thepatientanswered,'IamMr.JohnGilbert.'原句：ThenDr.Millingtonasked,"Areyouarelativeofthepatient?"注意，去掉引号变成间接引语🌻Part

4:Grammar&Difficultpoints直接引语变间接引语1、人称的转变

1）直接引语中的第一人称一般转换为第三人称如：Hesaid，“Iamverysorry.”

——>Hesaidthathewasverysorry.

2）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称如：“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”myfathertoldme.——>MyfathertoldmethatIshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.

3）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。如：Shesaidtoherson,“I'llcheckyourhomeworktonight.”

——>Shesaidtohersonthatshewouldcheckhishomeworkthatnight.

4）人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，如：Heaskedme,“Willyougotothestationwithmetomeetafriendofminethisafternoon?”——>HeaskedmewhetherIwouldgotothestationwithhimtomeetafriendofhisthatafternoon.

总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。

2.时态的转换直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即间接引语部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾语从句的时态要求），变化如下：

3、直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况

1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候，如：Healwayssays,“Iamtiredout.”

——>Healwayssaysthatheistiredout.

2）当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如：Hewillsay,“I’lltrymybesttohelpyou.”

——>Hewillsaythathewilltryhisbesttohelpme.

3）当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时如：Hesaid,“Iwenttocollegein1994.”——>Hetoldusthathewenttocollegein19944）当直接引语中有以when,while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时，如：Hesaid，“WhenIwasachild,Iusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.”

——>Hesaidthatwhenhewasachild,heusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.

5）当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时，如：Ourteachersaidtous,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”

——>Ourteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.6）当引语是谚语、格言时，如：Hesaid，“Practicemakesperfect.”——>Hesaidthatpracticemakesperfect.7）当直接引语中有情态动词should,would,could,hadbetter,might,must,usedto,need时

如：Sheasked,“MustItakethemedicine?”——>Sheaskedifshehadtotakethemedicine.

〔注〕：此处用hadto代替must更好）此外转述中的变化要因实际情况而定，不能机械照搬，如果当地转述，here不必改为there,动词come不必改为go，如果当天转述yesterday,tomorrow,thisafternoon等均不必改变。4、时间状语、地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词变化1）时间状语：直接引语

（间接引语）

now

（then）；

today

(thatday）；

tomorrow

（thenext/followingday）

nextweek

（thenext/followingweek）

yesterday

（thedaybefore）

twodaysago（twodaysbefore）

thisweek/month/year(thatweek/month/year)

2）指示代词：these变成those3）地点状语：here变成thereShesaid,“Iwon'tcomehereanymore.”——>Shesaidthatshewouldn’tgothereanymore.

4）动词：come变成go，bring变成take5、直接引语变间接引语，句子结构的变化1）陈述句。用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直用接引语中的said,也可用told来代替，注意，可以说saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.that，不可直接说toldthat,如：Hesaid,“IhavebeentotheGreatWall.”

——>HesaidtousthathehadbeentotheGreatWall.Hesaid,“I'llgiveyouanexaminationnextMonday.”——>HetoldusthathewouldgiveusanexaminationthenextMonday.（不可说toldthat）2）直接引语为一般疑问句，（也称是否疑问句，）间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked（me/him/us等），语序是陈述句的语序，这一点非常重要。如：Hesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation?”

——>Heasked（me）whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.

3）直接引语为选择疑问句，间接引语用whether…or…表达，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or….

如：Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench?”——>HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench.

4）直接引语为特殊疑问句，改成间接引语时，原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask（sb.）来表达，语序改为陈述句语序。如：Heasked，“What'syourname?”——>Heasked（me）whatmynamewas.

5）直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语，用带to的不定式表达，谓语动词常是ask,advise,tell,warn,order,request等。如asksb.todo，（由肯定祈使句变成）asksb.nottodo（由否定祈使句转变），并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化。如：Hesaid，“Beseated,please.”——>Heaskedustobeseated.

6）有些