山东省淄博市淄川区2022-2023学年七年级下学期期末英语试卷

山东省淄博市淄川区2022-2023学年七年级下学期期末英语试卷（五四学制）（解析版）二、完形填空阅读短文，从每小题四个选项中，选出一个能填入文中相应空白处的最佳答案。8．（10分）Mariofirststartedvolunteeringattheageof12.Heusedtohelptogive（1）foodtopoorpeopleinneedwithhisfamily.Tohisfamily，volunteeringisthebestwaytospendtheirfreetimetogether.Becauseoftheseexperiences，Mariofoundthe（2）ofvolunteering.Andhekeepsonvolunteeringuntilnow.He（3）everySaturdayvolunteeringatProjectOpenHandinSanFrancisco.It'sanon﹣profitorganization（非营利组织）.Itgives（4）mealstoneighborsandsomeoldpeoplethatarebadlyill.ProjectOpenHand（5）2，500mealsandotherthingsforthosepeopleeveryday.Andtherearemorethan125（6）takingpartinthevolunteerworkeveryday.Italsohasastore（7）peoplecancomeinandshop.MariofirstlearnedaboutProjectOpenHand（8）hewasworkingonPolkStreet.Whenpassingitsstorefrontonhiswaytoworkeachday，Marioshowedagreat（9）init.Thenheknewthat，itwassuchawonderfulorganizationthathedecidedtojoinit.Volunteering（10）Mario'sworkandlifealot.Hehopeseveryonecandovolunteerworkandenjoythemselves.（1）A.inB.upC.backD.out（2）A.signB.joyC.feelingD.difficulty（3）A.takesB.usesC.spendsD.imagines（4）A.freeB.terribleC.cheapD.expensive（5）A.noticesB.opensC.preparesD.controls（6）A.volunteersB.guestsC.travelersD.hosts（7）A.whenB.whyC.whoD.where（8）A.beforeB.whenC.untilD.if（9）A.satisfactionB.resolutionC.partD.interest（10）A.decidedB.changedC.hitD.meant三、阅读理解阅读A、B两篇短文，然后从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的的最佳答案。9．（6分）Frommutton，fishandchickentomushrooms（蘑菇），cabbagesandpotatoes，almostallfoodscanbebarbecued（烧烤）acrossChina.Thesedays，Zibo'sspecialbarbecuebecameamust﹣tryofthecity.InFebruarythisyear，someuniversitystudentswenttothecityZiboinShandongtotrybarbecue.Theytookvideosofthemselvesenjoyingthefoodandpostedthemonline.AlotofstudentsfromaroundthecountryvisitedZibototryitsfamousbarbecueingroups.Afterenjoyingthebarbecue，theyalsovisitedZibo'splacesofinterests.WhatmakesZibobarbecuespecial？Thefoodsare70﹣80%cookedandthenbroughttothetable.Thendinerscancookthefoodto100%attheirownsmallstoves（火炉）andpreparetheirDIYfoodaccordingtopersonaltaste.Thecityopened21buslinestotakevisitorstobarbecuerestaurants.Tomakemorepeoplecome，thecitymadearule：visitorsbetweentheagesof18and35cangetadiscount（折扣）insomehotels.ThecityalsohadabarbecuefestivalduringtheMayDayholiday.DoyouwanttovisitZiboandtrythespecialbarbecue？（1）WhatdidtheuniversitystudentsdoinZibo？A.Theytriedbarbecue.B.Theytookvideosandpostedthemonline.C.Theyvisitedsomeplacesofinterests.D.Alloftheabove.（2）WhyisZibobarbecuespecial？A.BecauseZibobarbequetastesdelicious.B.Becausedinerscancookwithasmallstovebythemselves.C.BecauseZiboisfamousforitsbarbecue.D.BecausemanyuniversitystudentscometoZibototrybarbecue.（3）WhocangetadiscountinsomehotelsinZiboaccordingtothepassage？A.17﹣year﹣oldBen.B.36﹣year﹣oldJeff.C.19﹣year﹣oldTina.D.14﹣year﹣oldLaura.10．（8分）OnMay30，2023，ChinasenttheShenzhou﹣16mannedspaceshipintospace.Sixastronautsmetonthespacestation.Theyareheroesofourcountry.Manypeopledreamofbeingastronauts.However，spendingtoomuchtimeinspacecausehealthproblems，accordingtoNASA.That'swhyastronautsshouldn'tspendmorethansixmonthsontheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）atatime.Muscle（肌肉）LossInaweightless（失重）environment，astronautsdon'tneedtousetheirmusclestosupport（支撑）themselves.Sotheirmusclesstartshrinking（萎缩）.Tokeeptheirmusclesstrong，astronautsneedtoexerciseabout2hourseachdayontheISS.SleepDisorder（混乱）Inspace，thesunrises（升起）every90minutes.Itisdifficultforastronautstogetusedtothislight﹣darkcyclewhentheysleep.Nowastronautshavepersonalsleepingpods（分离舱）tobeawayfromsomeofthelight.Still，studiesfoundthatmostastronautsonlysleepaboutsixhourseachnight，thoughtheyshouldhaveeightandahalfhours'sleep.Brain（大脑）ChangesScientistsfoundthattheposition（位置）ofthebrainchangesduringspaceflight.That'swhysomeastronautscan'tcontroltheirmovementandbalance（平衡）afterreturningtotheEarth.（1）AstronautscanNOTstayontheISSatatimefor.A.fivemonthsB.morethansixmonthsC.lessthansixmonthsD.threemonths（2）Whichofthefollowinghealthproblemsmayastronautshaveinspace？①Anosebleed.②Brainchanges.③Highbloodpressure.④Sleepdisorder.⑤Muscleloss.A.①③⑤B.②③⑤C.②④⑤D.③④⑤（3）Howdoastronautskeeptheirmusclesstrong？A.Bysleepingmoreandrest.B.Byexercisingabout2hourseachday.C.Bytakingsomemedicine.D.Bystoppingmovingaround.（4）Whatcanweknowfromthepassage？A.Fewpeopledreamofbeingastronauts.B.Astronautsshouldsleepaboutsixhourseachnight.C.Thesunrisesevery90minutesinspace.D.Astronautscancontroltheirmovementandbalance（平衡）afterreturningtotheEarth.C根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项剩余。11．（8分）WangXinan'sson，Chengcheng，wasborn（出生）in2000.（1）However，oneday，Wangfoundheseemedtohavenoreplytoloudnoises.ThenthedoctortoldWangthathersonhadsomethingwrongwithhisears—heisdeaf.Wangwasreallysad.Shespentdayscryingandeventhoughtaboutendingherlife.（2）Wangdecidedtostopbeingsadandbeganteachinghersontoreadlips（嘴唇）whenhewasjust18monthsold.Shehopedthatonedayhewouldbeabletospeakandgetanormaleducationlikeotherchildren.（3）SheboughtChengchengahearingaid（助听器），andtaughthimtowatchhermouthandlethimtouchherthroatwhenshespoke.Twomonthslater，Chengchengcouldsayafeweasywords.Whenhegotolder，hewasabletogotonormalschools.Hegotacochlearimplant（人工耳蜗植入）in2012whenhewasinmiddleschool.Andeightyearslater，hewenttouniversity.Wangdecidedtohelpotherfamilieswithdeafchildrenlikeherson.（4）Theresheteacheschildrenhowtospeakandreadlips.Sevenyearslaterin2010，Wangsetuparehabilitation（康复）center，manyfamiliescametothecenterforhelp.A.Shelosthopeandwantedtogiveup.B.In2003.shesetupafreeworkroom.C.Luckily，shegotlotsofhelpfromherfamily.D.Atfirst，hejustlookedlikeothernewbabies.E.TeachingChengchengwasdifficult，butWangdidn'tgiveup.D阅读下面的材料，将下面5位病人的健康问题与A、B、C、D、E的医生进行匹配。12．（10分）（1）Kenhasendlessworktodoeveryday.Hehasproblemsgettingtosleepatnightandusuallystaysawakeuntil2a.m.（2）9﹣year﹣oldNicklikeseatingcandiesalot.Hehasfourbadteethnowandhismotherisworriedabouthistoothache.（3）Ben'sfatherlikesdrinkingwine（酒）alot.Hedecidestogiveupdrinkingafterthebodycheckthatshowssomehealthproblems.（4）Susanthesedayseatswhatevershelikes，suchaslotsofmeat.Sheisgettingfatterweekbyweekbutshejustcan'tstopeating.（5）Nancyhasafeverbecauseoftheflu.Shehassuchabigheadachethatshecan'tgotoschoolnow.Sheisverysad.A.Dr.Yangcomesupwithanewwaytohelppeoplegiveupdrinking.Shealsodoeswellinsolvinghealthproblemscausedbydrinking.B.Dr.Smithisoneofthebestdentists.Hehasgreatskillsinfixingbadteeth.Heisgoodattalkingwithchildrentowintheirtrust.C.Dr.Ligotadoctor'sdegree（学位）intraditionalChineseandwesternmedicine.Heisgoodatflu（fever，coughandsoon）inbothtraditionalChineseandwesternmedicineways.D.Dr.Chenhasalotofexperienceinhelpingpeoplegetnormalsleep.Shenotonlygivesthemmedicinebutalsogivesadviceonhowtorelaxfrombusywork.E.Dr.Whiteisalwaysreadytoofferhelponeatingproblems.Hebelieveseachpatient（病人）needsadifferentplantocontrolthewishtoeat.四、语言知识积累与运用（一）选词组并用其适当形式填空，使句子意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有一项剩余。13．（5分）giveaway；carefor；comeupwith；takeafter；worryabout；takeatrip（1）Ms.Lialwaysnewideastosolvetheproblems.（2）Ifteenagersstayouttoolate，theirparentsthem.（3）JakewilltoWuhanattheendofthismonth.（4）Mostoldpeoplearelonely.Weshouldlistentoandthem.（5）Lastmonth，somevolunteersmanybooksandschoolthingstoourschool.（二）用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。14．（1分）Somepeoplewon'trealizethe（important）oftheirhealthuntiltheyloseit.15．（1分）Asamountainclimber，Aronisusedto（take）risks．16．（1分）Canyougivemesome（advise）？17．（1分）Iwas（excite）aboutthecomingsummervacation.18．（1分）Wedecided（try）outforavolunteerafter﹣schoolreadingprogram．（三）按实际情况和题目要求完成下列各题.19．（1分）Ifyouplantohaveabirthdayparty，whatwillyoudo？20．（1分）M：Whatproblemsdoyouhavewithyourschoolwork？W：21．（1分）Doyoualwaystellyourparentsaboutyourproblems？Whyorwhynot？22．（1分）Whatshouldyoudowhenyouhaveastomachache？23．（1分）之后，他爬下山去寻找帮助。（汉译英）选词填空根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。24．（10分）sharing；yourself；solve；understand；better；trust；experience；worse；normal；without；hang；untilWorriesandproblemsare（1）inlife.It'sbestnottorunawayfromthem.Weshouldalwaystryto（2）them.Herearesomegoodwaysforyou.InEnglish，peoplesaythat（3）aproblemislikecuttingitinhalf.Whenyouhaveproblems，findsomeoneyou（4）totalkto.Justrememberyourparentshavemore（5）andarealwaystheretohelpyou.Unlessyoutalktosomeone，you'llcertainlyfeel（6）.Dosomethingrelaxingtomake（7）feelrelaxed.Speakingoutyourfeelingsloudlyisagoodwaytorelax.Forexample，whenyoufeelangry，youcansay"Iamsoangry!"loudly.Afterthat，youmayfeelbetter.Youcanalsotakesomeexercise，listentomusic，and（8）outwithfriendsandsoon.Youshouldlearntobecalm（冷静）.Don'tbeafraidofproblems.Youshouldtryto（9）moreaboutproblems.Thenyoucanfindgoodwaystosolvethem（10）thehelpofothers.六、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当内容或用括号内单词的正确形式填空（每空不多于3个单词）。25．（10分）Onceuponatime，therewasaman（1）（call）YueGuang.Heenjoyedinvitinghisfriendstodrinkwine（酒）inhishome.Oneday，YueGuanginvitedmanyfriends（2）hishome.Whendrinking，oneofthefriendsfoundtherewasasnakeinhiscup.Thereweresomanypeoplearound，themandrankthewinewithout（3）（tell）anyoneaboutthat.ThenhequicklyleftYueGuang'shome.Forafewdays，YueGuangdidn'tseethefriendandhe（4）（miss）himverymuch.Hewenttohishomeandlearnedthatthemanwassick（5）somedays.YueGuangfeltstrangeandaskedwhathappenedtohim.Themandidn'tsayanything（6）YueGuangaskedaboutthereasonmanytimes.Hearingtheman'swords，YueGuangfelt（7）（surprise）.Thenhethoughtofabow（弓）inhishome.Hemadea（8）（decide）toinvitethemantohishomeagain.Luckily，theman（9）（accept）hisinvitation.Whentheman'scupwas（10）（fill）withwine，YueGuangpointed（指着）atthebowandsaid，"Infact，whatyousawlasttimewastheshadow（影子）ofthebow."AfterYueGuangtookoffthebow，thefriendcouldn'tseethe"snake"inhiscup.Andhegotbetteratonce.七、阅读表达阅读短文，根据短文内容回答下面五个问题。26．（10分）Canyouimaginelifewithoutarmsorlegs？Nowletmetellyousomethingaboutadisabledman—Nick.NickisfromAustralia.Whenhewasborn（出生）in1982，hehadnolimbs（四肢）.Helookeddifferentfromeveryoneelse，manystudentsrefusedtobefriendswithhim.Allstudentsplayedjokesonhim.Healwaysfeltlonely.Lifewasdifficultforhim.However，henevergaveuphimself.Helearnedtousecomputerswithtwotoes（脚趾）attheageofsix，andhecouldevendodifferentkindsofsports，suchasfootball，golfandswimming.Hecouldevendrive，too.Incollege，hebecamesuccessfulandwasoneoftheexcellentstudentsintheclass.What'smore，Nickalsoencouraged（鼓励）otherstoworkhardfortheirdreams.NowNickisoneofthemostpopularspeakersintheworld.Hetravelstomanycountriesandtellspeopleabouthisstoryagainst（对抗）difficulties."Weshouldnevergiveupinfaceofdifficulties."healwayssays.Hisspirithelpsmanypeopleout.（1）Whatisthepassageabout？（2）WhatwasthematterwithNickwhenhewasborn？（3）HowdidNickfeelatschool？Why？（4）WhendidNicklearntousehiscomputer？（5）WhatcanwelearnfromNick？八、书面表达27．（18分）假如你是李华，今年暑假你将去敬老院做一名志愿者。你要帮助那儿的老人打扫卫生，陪老人聊天，给老人读报纸，唱歌、跳舞，让老人开心⋯⋯请根据以上内容提示，写一封不少于80词的英文邮件，向你的英国笔友Bob介绍暑假志愿者工作。要求：（1）内容包含提示要点，可再适当发挥；（2）书写认真，语句通顺，表达连贯。

参考答案与试题解析二、完形填空阅读短文，从每小题四个选项中，选出一个能填入文中相应空白处的最佳答案。8．（10分）Mariofirststartedvolunteeringattheageof12.Heusedtohelptogive（1）Dfoodtopoorpeopleinneedwithhisfamily.Tohisfamily，volunteeringisthebestwaytospendtheirfreetimetogether.Becauseoftheseexperiences，Mariofoundthe（2）Bofvolunteering.Andhekeepsonvolunteeringuntilnow.He（3）CeverySaturdayvolunteeringatProjectOpenHandinSanFrancisco.It'sanon﹣profitorganization（非营利组织）.Itgives（4）Amealstoneighborsandsomeoldpeoplethatarebadlyill.ProjectOpenHand（5）C2，500mealsandotherthingsforthosepeopleeveryday.Andtherearemorethan125（6）Atakingpartinthevolunteerworkeveryday.Italsohasastore（7）Dpeoplecancomeinandshop.MariofirstlearnedaboutProjectOpenHand（8）BhewasworkingonPolkStreet.Whenpassingitsstorefrontonhiswaytoworkeachday，Marioshowedagreat（9）Dinit.Thenheknewthat，itwassuchawonderfulorganizationthathedecidedtojoinit.Volunteering（10）BMario'sworkandlifealot.Hehopeseveryonecandovolunteerworkandenjoythemselves.（1）A.inB.upC.backD.out（2）A.signB.joyC.feelingD.difficulty（3）A.takesB.usesC.spendsD.imagines（4）A.freeB.terribleC.cheapD.expensive（5）A.noticesB.opensC.preparesD.controls（6）A.volunteersB.guestsC.travelersD.hosts（7）A.whenB.whyC.whoD.where（8）A.beforeB.whenC.untilD.if（9）A.satisfactionB.resolutionC.partD.interest（10）A.decidedB.changedC.hitD.meant【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了CameronBeck从12岁开始参与志愿工作的经历。【解答】（1）考查介词。句意：他过去常常和家人给那些需要帮助的穷人分发食物。in在……里；up向上；back回来；out出去。根据下文"thosepoorpeopleinneed"（那些需要帮助的穷人）可知，此处是指给需要帮助的穷人分发食物。giveout意为"分发"，符合句意，故选D。（2）考查名词。句意：由于这些经历，Mario找到了志愿者工作的乐趣。sign标志；joy快乐；feeling感觉；difficulty困难。根据下文"Andhekeepsonvolunteeringuntilnow"（他一直在做志愿者，直到现在）可知，Mario找到了志愿者工作的乐趣，所以一直参加着志愿工作直到现在。故选B。（3）考查动词。句意：他每周六都会在加利福尼亚州旧金山的"OpenHand"项目里做志愿者。takes花费，主语为it；uses使用；spends花费，主语为人；imagines想象。根据下文"everySaturday"（每个星期六）可知，此处是指花费时间做志愿者工作，且主语为人，故选C。（4）考查形容词。句意：它为邻居和一些重病老人提供免费膳食。free免费的；terrible可怕的；cheap便宜的；expensive昂贵的。根据上文"It'sanon﹣profitorganization（非营利组织）"（这是一个非营利组织）可知，这是一个非营利的组织，所以分发的饭菜是免费的。故选A。（5）考查动词。句意：OpenHand项目每天为这些人准备2500份饭和其他东西。notices注意到；opens打开；prepares准备；controls控制。根据下文"2，500mealsandotherthings"（2500顿饭和其他东西）可知，OpenHand项目是做慈善的，所以每天会准备2500份饭和其他东西给需要帮助的人。故选C。（6）考查名词。句意：每天有超过125名志愿者参加志愿者计划。volunteers志愿者；guests顾客；travelers旅行者；hosts主人。根据下文"takingpartinthevolunteerprogram"（参加志愿者计划）可知，参加志愿项目的通常是志愿者。故选A。（7）考查副词。句意：它还有一家杂货店，人们可以在那里进门购物。when何时；why为什么；who谁；where哪里。根据上文"Italsohasastore"（它也有一个商店）可知，这是一个where引导的定语从句。故选D。（8）考查连词。句意：Mario在波尔克街工作时，第一次了解到了OpenHand项目。before在……之前；when当……时；until直到；if如果。根据下文"Whenpassingitsstorefrontonhiswaytoandfromworkeachday，Mariotookagreatinterestinit"（每天上下班路过它的店面时，Mario都对它产生了浓厚的兴趣）可知，Mario在波尔克街工作时，第一次了解到了OpenHand项目。故选B。（9）考查名词。句意：Mario每天在上下班的路上经过它的店面时，都对它非常感兴趣。satisfaction满意；resolution决定；part部分；interest兴趣。根据下文"Thenheknewthatitwassuchawonderfulorganizationthathedecidedtojoinit"（然后他知道这是一个非常棒的组织，所以他决定加入它）可知，Mario对它非常感兴趣，所以去了解了它，然后选择加入了它。故选D。（10）考查动词。句意：志愿者工作极大地改变了Mario的工作和生活。decided决定；changed改变；hit打击；meant意味着。根据下文"Hehopeseveryonecandovolunteerworkandenjoythemselves."（他希望每个人都加入志愿活动并享受其中。）可知，志愿者工作极大地改变了Mario的工作和生活，所以他想让更多人加入进来，在里面收获成就感和愉悦感。故选B。【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。三、阅读理解阅读A、B两篇短文，然后从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的的最佳答案。9．（6分）Frommutton，fishandchickentomushrooms（蘑菇），cabbagesandpotatoes，almostallfoodscanbebarbecued（烧烤）acrossChina.Thesedays，Zibo'sspecialbarbecuebecameamust﹣tryofthecity.InFebruarythisyear，someuniversitystudentswenttothecityZiboinShandongtotrybarbecue.Theytookvideosofthemselvesenjoyingthefoodandpostedthemonline.AlotofstudentsfromaroundthecountryvisitedZibototryitsfamousbarbecueingroups.Afterenjoyingthebarbecue，theyalsovisitedZibo'splacesofinterests.WhatmakesZibobarbecuespecial？Thefoodsare70﹣80%cookedandthenbroughttothetable.Thendinerscancookthefoodto100%attheirownsmallstoves（火炉）andpreparetheirDIYfoodaccordingtopersonaltaste.Thecityopened21buslinestotakevisitorstobarbecuerestaurants.Tomakemorepeoplecome，thecitymadearule：visitorsbetweentheagesof18and35cangetadiscount（折扣）insomehotels.ThecityalsohadabarbecuefestivalduringtheMayDayholiday.DoyouwanttovisitZiboandtrythespecialbarbecue？（1）WhatdidtheuniversitystudentsdoinZibo？DA.Theytriedbarbecue.B.Theytookvideosandpostedthemonline.C.Theyvisitedsomeplacesofinterests.D.Alloftheabove.（2）WhyisZibobarbecuespecial？BA.BecauseZibobarbequetastesdelicious.B.Becausedinerscancookwithasmallstovebythemselves.C.BecauseZiboisfamousforitsbarbecue.D.BecausemanyuniversitystudentscometoZibototrybarbecue.（3）WhocangetadiscountinsomehotelsinZiboaccordingtothepassage？CA.17﹣year﹣oldBen.B.36﹣year﹣oldJeff.C.19﹣year﹣oldTina.D.14﹣year﹣oldLaura.【分析】短文主要介绍了中国各地的烧烤文化，特别是淄博市的烧烤成为了该市的必尝美食。今年2月，一些大学生去淄博尝试烧烤，并在网上发布了他们享受美食的视频。很多来自全国各地的学生纷纷组团前往淄博尝试其著名的烧烤，并在享受美食后参观淄博的名胜古迹。淄博的烧烤之所以特别，是因为食物在70﹣80%熟后就端上桌，食客可以在自己的小火炉上将食物烤至100%，并根据个人口味准备DIY食物。为了吸引更多人来，淄博市开通了21条巴士线路送游客去烧烤餐厅，并制定了一项规定：18至35岁的游客在一些酒店可以享受折扣。淄博市还在五一假期期间举办了烧烤节。你想去淄博尝试特色烧烤吗？【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据原文第二段InFebruarythisyear，someuniversitystudentswenttothecityZiboinShandongtotrybarbecue.Theytookvideosofthemselvesenjoyingthefoodandpostedthemonline.AlotofstudentsfromaroundthecountryvisitedZibototryitsfamousbarbecueingroups.Afterenjoyingthebarbecue，theyalsovisitedZibo'splacesofinterests.（今年2月，一些大学生去山东淄博市尝试烧烤。他们拍下自己享受美食的视频并发布到网上。许多来自全国各地的学生成群结队地来到淄博，品尝这里著名的烧烤。享用完烧烤后，他们还参观了淄博的名胜古迹。）可知大学生去淄博吃了烧烤并把享受美食的视频并发布到网上，同时也参观了名胜古迹。故答案为：D。（2）细节理解题。根据原文第二段WhatmakesZibobarbecuespecial？Thefoodsare70﹣80%cookedandthenbroughttothetable.Thendinerscancookthefoodto100%attheirownsmallstoves（火炉）andpreparetheirDIYfoodaccordingtopersonaltaste.（淄博烧烤有什么特别之处？食物煮熟70﹣80%后上桌。然后，食客可以在自己的小炉子上把食物煮到100%，并根据个人口味DIY食物。）可知淄博烧烤特别在可以自己烹饪食物。故答案为：B。（3）细节理解题。根据原文末段Tomakemorepeoplecome，thecitymadearule：visitorsbetweentheagesof18and35cangetadiscount（折扣）insomehotels.（为了吸引更多的游客，北京制定了一项规定：年龄在18岁至35岁之间的游客可以在一些酒店享受折扣。）可知19岁的Tina可以享受到该政策折扣。故答案为：C。【点评】做这类题，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项写出正确答案。10．（8分）OnMay30，2023，ChinasenttheShenzhou﹣16mannedspaceshipintospace.Sixastronautsmetonthespacestation.Theyareheroesofourcountry.Manypeopledreamofbeingastronauts.However，spendingtoomuchtimeinspacecausehealthproblems，accordingtoNASA.That'swhyastronautsshouldn'tspendmorethansixmonthsontheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）atatime.Muscle（肌肉）LossInaweightless（失重）environment，astronautsdon'tneedtousetheirmusclestosupport（支撑）themselves.Sotheirmusclesstartshrinking（萎缩）.Tokeeptheirmusclesstrong，astronautsneedtoexerciseabout2hourseachdayontheISS.SleepDisorder（混乱）Inspace，thesunrises（升起）every90minutes.Itisdifficultforastronautstogetusedtothislight﹣darkcyclewhentheysleep.Nowastronautshavepersonalsleepingpods（分离舱）tobeawayfromsomeofthelight.Still，studiesfoundthatmostastronautsonlysleepaboutsixhourseachnight，thoughtheyshouldhaveeightandahalfhours'sleep.Brain（大脑）ChangesScientistsfoundthattheposition（位置）ofthebrainchangesduringspaceflight.That'swhysomeastronautscan'tcontroltheirmovementandbalance（平衡）afterreturningtotheEarth.（1）AstronautscanNOTstayontheISSatatimeforC.A.fivemonthsB.morethansixmonthsC.lessthansixmonthsD.threemonths（2）Whichofthefollowinghealthproblemsmayastronautshaveinspace？C①Anosebleed.②Brainchanges.③Highbloodpressure.④Sleepdisorder.⑤Muscleloss.A.①③⑤B.②③⑤C.②④⑤D.③④⑤（3）Howdoastronautskeeptheirmusclesstrong？BA.Bysleepingmoreandrest.B.Byexercisingabout2hourseachday.C.Bytakingsomemedicine.D.Bystoppingmovingaround.（4）Whatcanweknowfromthepassage？CA.Fewpeopledreamofbeingastronauts.B.Astronautsshouldsleepaboutsixhourseachnight.C.Thesunrisesevery90minutesinspace.D.Astronautscancontroltheirmovementandbalance（平衡）afterreturningtotheEarth.【分析】这篇文章主要讲述了中国于2023年5月30日将神舟十六号载人飞船送入太空，并有六名宇航员在空间站会合。这些宇航员是我们国家的英雄。然而，根据NASA的研究，长时间在太空中会导致健康问题，这就是为什么宇航员在国际空间站上的停留时间不能超过六个月的原因。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据原文第一段That'swhyastronautsshouldn'tspendmorethansixmonthsontheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）atatime.（这就是为什么宇航员一次在国际空间站上的时间不应该超过6个月。）可知宇航员不能在国际空间站上待超过六个月。故答案为：C。（2）细节理解题。根据原文小标题Muscle（肌肉）Loss（肌肉损伤）；SleepDisorder（混乱）（睡眠障碍）；Brain（大脑）Changes（大脑的改变）可知②④⑤符合题意。故答案为：C。（3）细节理解题。根据原文Muscle（肌肉）Loss中的Tokeeptheirmusclesstrong，astronautsneedtoexerciseabout2hourseachdayontheISS.（以保持他们的肌肉强壮，宇航员在国际空间站上每天需要锻炼大约2个小时。）可知宇航员可以每天锻炼2小时。故答案为：B。（4）细节理解题。根据原文SleepDisorder（混乱）种的Inspace，thesunrises（升起）every90minutes.（在太空中，太阳每90分钟升起一次。）可知太阳在太空中每90分钟升起一次。故答案为：C。【点评】做这类题，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项写出正确答案。C根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项剩余。11．（8分）WangXinan'sson，Chengcheng，wasborn（出生）in2000.（1）DHowever，oneday，Wangfoundheseemedtohavenoreplytoloudnoises.ThenthedoctortoldWangthathersonhadsomethingwrongwithhisears—heisdeaf.Wangwasreallysad.Shespentdayscryingandeventhoughtaboutendingherlife.（2）CWangdecidedtostopbeingsadandbeganteachinghersontoreadlips（嘴唇）whenhewasjust18monthsold.Shehopedthatonedayhewouldbeabletospeakandgetanormaleducationlikeotherchildren.（3）ESheboughtChengchengahearingaid（助听器），andtaughthimtowatchhermouthandlethimtouchherthroatwhenshespoke.Twomonthslater，Chengchengcouldsayafeweasywords.Whenhegotolder，hewasabletogotonormalschools.Hegotacochlearimplant（人工耳蜗植入）in2012whenhewasinmiddleschool.Andeightyearslater，hewenttouniversity.Wangdecidedtohelpotherfamilieswithdeafchildrenlikeherson.（4）BTheresheteacheschildrenhowtospeakandreadlips.Sevenyearslaterin2010，Wangsetuparehabilitation（康复）center，manyfamiliescametothecenterforhelp.A.Shelosthopeandwantedtogiveup.B.In2003.shesetupafreeworkroom.C.Luckily，shegotlotsofhelpfromherfamily.D.Atfirst，hejustlookedlikeothernewbabies.E.TeachingChengchengwasdifficult，butWangdidn'tgiveup.【分析】短文主要写了王新安的儿子在2000年出生，但是有一天王发现他好像对大声的声音没有反应。医生告诉王她的儿子的耳朵有问题，他是聋子。王非常伤心，她哭了好几天，甚至想过结束自己的生命。然而，王决定不再伤心，从儿子18个月大的时候就开始教他读唇语，希望他有一天能够说话并像其他孩子一样接受正常教育。她给儿子买了助听器，教他看她的嘴巴，让他触摸她说话时的喉咙。两个月后，儿子能够说几个简单的词语。他长大后能够去普通学校上学。他在中学时接受了人工耳蜗植入手术，八年后进入了大学。王决定帮助其他像她儿子一样有聋儿的家庭。她在2003年建立了一个免费的工作室。七年后的2010年，王建立了一个康复中心，许多家庭来寻求帮助。【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据下文However，oneday，Wangfoundheseemedtohavenoreplytoloudnoises.（然而，有一天，王发现他对大声的噪音似乎没有正常的反应。）可知介绍了后来发现儿子对声音没有正常反应，结合选项可知D选项"起初，他看起来和其他新生儿没什么两样"符合语境，故选D。（2）细节推理题。根据上文Wangwasreallysad.Shespentdayscryingandeventhoughtaboutendingherlife.（王真的很伤心。她哭了好几天，甚至想过结束生命。）可知介绍了王希楠很伤心，结合选项可知C选项"幸运的是，她从家人那里得到了很多帮助"符合语境，故选C。（3）细节推理题。根据下文SheboughtChengchengahearingaid（助听器），andtaughthimtowatchhermouthandlethimtouchherthroatwhenshespoke.（她给程程买了一个助听器，并教他看着自己的嘴，让他在说话的时候摸自己的喉咙。）可知介绍了王希楠教程程学唇语，结合选项可知E选项"教程程并不容易，但王并没有放弃"符合语境，故选E。（4）细节推理题。根据上文Wangdecidedtohelpotherfamilieswithdeafchildrenlikeherson.（王决定用她学到的技能来帮助其他有像她儿子一样孩子的家庭。）可知介绍了王希楠决定帮助其他的有听力障碍的孩子，结合选项可知B选项"2003年，她开设了一个免费工作室"符合语境，故选B。【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出中心句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。D阅读下面的材料，将下面5位病人的健康问题与A、B、C、D、E的医生进行匹配。12．（10分）（1）DKenhasendlessworktodoeveryday.Hehasproblemsgettingtosleepatnightandusuallystaysawakeuntil2a.m.（2）B9﹣year﹣oldNicklikeseatingcandiesalot.Hehasfourbadteethnowandhismotherisworriedabouthistoothache.（3）ABen'sfatherlikesdrinkingwine（酒）alot.Hedecidestogiveupdrinkingafterthebodycheckthatshowssomehealthproblems.（4）ESusanthesedayseatswhatevershelikes，suchaslotsofmeat.Sheisgettingfatterweekbyweekbutshejustcan'tstopeating.（5）CNancyhasafeverbecauseoftheflu.Shehassuchabigheadachethatshecan'tgotoschoolnow.Sheisverysad.A.Dr.Yangcomesupwithanewwaytohelppeoplegiveupdrinking.Shealsodoeswellinsolvinghealthproblemscausedbydrinking.B.Dr.Smithisoneofthebestdentists.Hehasgreatskillsinfixingbadteeth.Heisgoodattalkingwithchildrentowintheirtrust.C.Dr.Ligotadoctor'sdegree（学位）intraditionalChineseandwesternmedicine.Heisgoodatflu（fever，coughandsoon）inbothtraditionalChineseandwesternmedicineways.D.Dr.Chenhasalotofexperienceinhelpingpeoplegetnormalsleep.Shenotonlygivesthemmedicinebutalsogivesadviceonhowtorelaxfrombusywork.E.Dr.Whiteisalwaysreadytoofferhelponeatingproblems.Hebelieveseachpatient（病人）needsadifferentplantocontrolthewishtoeat.【分析】材料是一些不同的人遇到了不同的困难，结合他们的问题选出合适的方案。【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据原文Kenhasendlessworktodoeveryday.Hehasproblemsgettingtosleepatnightandusually.staysawakeuntil2a.m.（肯每天有没完没了的工作要做。他晚上很难入睡，通常。保持清醒直到凌晨2点。）可知D.Dr.Chenhasalotofexperienceinhelpingpeoplegetnormalsleep.Shenotonlygivesthemmedicinebutalsogivesadviceonhowtorelaxfrombusywork.（陈医生在帮助人们获得正常睡眠方面有很多经验。她不仅给他们开药，还就如何从繁忙的工作中放松下来给出建议。）中的陈医生能给肯合适的方案。故答案为：D。（2）细节推理题。根据原文9﹣year﹣oldNicklikeseatingcandiesalot.Hehasfourbadteethnowandhismotherisworriedabouthistoothache.（9岁的尼克非常喜欢吃糖果。他现在有四颗坏牙，他妈妈很担心他的牙痛。）可知B.Dr.Smithisoneofthebestdentists.Hehasgreatskillsinfixingbadteeth.Heisgoodattalkingwithchildrentowintheirtrust.（史密斯医生是最好的牙医之一。他在修补坏牙方面很有技巧。他善于与孩子们交谈以赢得他们的信任。）适合给尼克看牙。故答案为：B。（3）细节推理题。根据原文Ben'sfatherlikesdrinkingwine（酒）alot.Hedecidestogiveupdrinkingafterthebodycheckthatshowssomehealthproblems.（本的爸爸很喜欢喝酒。在身体检查显示出一些健康问