高中英语人教版（2019）必修 第一册Welcome unit 基础知识一遍过 （素材）

高考英语一轮复习专题01必修一WelcomeUnit基础知识一遍过（知识集萃）重点单词冲关重点单词冲关1.exchangen.交换;交流vt.交换;交流;交易;兑换【教材原句】I’manexchangestudentfromtheUK.(教材P2)我是一名来自英国的交换生。【词块必记】exchangesth.forsth.用……来交换……exchangesth.withsb.与某人交换某物inexchangefor作为对......的交换exchangestudent交换生culturalexchange文化交流我会充分利用这次机会和他们交换观点。Iwilltakefulladvantageofthischancetoexchangeviewswiththem.你愿意和我交换故事书吗？Wouldyouliketoexchangestorybookswithme?【即时练】单句语法填空①Somestudentsfeelthat__________(exchange)giftscanhelpthemmakemorefriends.②Youcanexchangeyourpounds___dollarsinthisbank.翻译练习：汉译英。①我们不必对语言之间的交流持悲观态度。(pessimistic;exchange)②学生应该经常和家长交流想法。(exchange)③我很高兴得知你下学期会作为交换生来我们学校。(exchangestudent)【高考真题链接】(2021北京卷完形填空)Somestudentsdon'thaveareliablecar,whileothershaveto____vehicleswithparentswhoworksixdaysaweek.A.shareB.fuelC.repairD.exchange2.designn.设计，设计方案vt.设计，筹划【典型例句】Thesebooksareprimarilydesignedfortheuseofbeginners.这些书主要是供初学的人使用的。【词块必记】bedesignedforsb./sth.为某人/某物而设计bedesignedtodosth. 旨在做......;打算被设计用来做bydesign=onpurpose 故意地;蓄意地 bedesignedfor=beintendedforbedesignedtodo=beintendedtododesignern.设计师【即时练】单句语法填空①TheHopeProject____________helpthosechildrenwhodropoutofschoolbecauseofpoverty②Thisroom______________childrenasachildren’splayroom.③Wedon’tknowwhethertheydiditbyaccidentor_________.④Thiscourseisspeciallydesigned________beginnerslikeyou,focusingonlisteningandspeakingpractice.翻译练习：汉译英。无论是偶然还是有意为之，飞行员使飞机急转弯。(design;sharp)_______________________________________________________________.②该计划旨在为年轻人提供工作。(design;provide)__________________________________________________________________.句式升级③Thisprojectwasdesignedtohelpthestudentsinneed.Butitjustdidn'tworkoutasplanned.→Thisproject_________________________________________inneedjustdidn'tworkoutasplanned(分词作定语)【高考真题试练】1.(2021北京卷A篇)Youmightalsodesignanadventurechallengetotrainyoungvolunteers.2.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)HUNCH__________(design)toconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.

3.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)ForWestern____________(design),ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative.3.anxiousadj.焦虑的;不安的【教材例句】I’mnotoutgoingsoI’malittleanxiousrightnow.(教材P4)我并不外向，所以现在有点焦虑。【词块必记】be/feelanxiousfor/aboutsb.为某人......担心/担忧beanxiousaboutsth.为某事担心beanxiousforsth. 想要得到某物beanxioustodosth. 渴望做某事beanxious(forsb.)todo...渴望(某人)做……beanxiousthatsbshoulddosth渴望……【知识拓展】anxietyn.忧虑；担心；渴望withanxiety 焦虑地anxiouslyadv.焦虑地Shewasanxioustofinishschoolandgetajob.她渴望毕业找一份工作。Maryhasbeenanxiousforyourreturn.玛丽急切地盼你归来。【即时练】单句语法填空①It’snaturalforparentstobeanxious_______children’sfuture.②Icanunderstandyour__________(anxious),butpleasetrynottoworry.③IwastoldtheLearningCentreprovideshelpforstudentsandI’manxious_________(get)helpfromyou.

④Hewassoanxious__________(return)homethathehadbookedatrainticketbeforethesummervacationbegan.4.annoyedadj.恼怒的,生气的【典型例句】Iwasannoyedatthoseannoyingthingsbecausethosethingswereannoyingmeallthetime.我对那些烦人的事情感到恼火,因为这些事情一直困扰着我。【词块必记】beannoyedwithsb. 生某人的气beannoyedat/aboutsth. 因某事生气【知识拓展】annoyancen.恼怒，烦恼，不高兴的事annoyingadj.使人不高兴的，恼人的annoyedadj.生气的【即时练】单句语法填空①Wewereannoyed______(find)himbreakingthewindow.

②Sheis________(annoy)withhimforforgettingtophoneher.③Hewasannoyed________youforyourcarelessness.翻译练习：汉译英。①她没有其他适合这次派对穿的衣服，这使她很烦恼。(annoy)②当你忘记重要的事情时，你是否生过自己的气？(beannoyedwith)【高考真题链接】(2021全国乙卷D篇)________(annoy)bythelevelofdistraction（干扰）inhisopenoffice,hesaid,“That’swhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreet—soIcanfocus”.frightenedadj.惊吓的;害怕的【教材原句】Ididn’tfeelawkwardorfrightenedatall.(教材P4)我一点也没觉得尴尬或害怕。【词块必记】befrightenedof(doing)sth.……害怕……befrightenedtodosth. 不敢做某事befrightenedtodeath 被吓得要死frightenvt.吓唬；使惊吓frighteningadj.令人恐惧的【知识拓展】表示“害怕”的形容词：afraid,scared,terrified,fearful等。frightening用来修饰事物，意为“令人害怕的”；frightened指人“感到害怕的”“受到惊吓的”，作定语时，常用来修饰人的声音、表情等。afrightenedboy受惊吓的男孩frightenedlook/expression害怕的表情【即时练】单句语法填空①I’mfrightened________walkinghomealoneinthedark.

②Shewasfrightened_________(look)downfromthetopfloorofthebuilding.

③Seeingthe_______tiger,theboywas________.(frighten)④

Seeingthefrighteningscene,thelittlegirlwasfrightened________deathandcriedinfrightwithafrightenedexpressiononherface.【高考链接】(2021全国卷II完形填空)Hehad43tocoax（哄）thedogtohimbut,frightened,ithad44.43.A.tried B.agreed C.promised D.regretted44.A.calmeddown B.stoodup C.rolledover D.runoffimpressionn.印象;感想【教材原句】Iwanttomakeagoodfirstimpression.(教材P4)我想留个好的第一印象。【词块必记】leave/makea(n)...impressiononsb.给某人留下……印象impressvt.使印象深刻；使铭记impresssbwithsth/impresssthon/uponsb.使某人牢记某事beimpressedby/at/with 对……印象深刻beimpressedonone’smind/memory 被印在脑海里[知识拓展]impressiveadj.给人印象深刻的【即时练】单句填空①Youwillsurelybeimpressedthosebeautifulpaper-cuttingworks.

②What(impress)memostwasthatwheneverheappearedinfrontofothersheoftenworeabigsmile.③First(impress)arethemostlasting.Afterall,younevergetasecondchance.翻译练习：汉译英。①平静的湖水给我留下了深刻的印象。(still,impress)___________________________________________________________________②多亏了出色的导游，我们的旅途真的令人印象深刻，意义非凡。(impressive,meaningful)_________________________________________________________________________【高考链接】(2021上海卷完形填空)Thisleavesmanychildrenwithabad52ofsports.Theythinksportsarejusttooaggressive.52.A.impressionB.conceptC.tasteD.expectation短语冲关短语冲关1.concentratevi.&vt.集中(注意力)；聚精会神【典型例句】Icouldn’tconcentrateontheexperiment.(教材P4)我不能把注意力集中在实验上。【词块必记】concentrateon(doing)sth专心(做)某事concentrateone’smind/one’sattention/energies/efforts/thoughts集中注意力于；致力于；专心于Weshouldconcentrateourattentiononefficiencytoimproveourwork.【知识拓展】concentrationn.专心与concertrateon同义的短语：fixone'sattentionon.../focuson.../beabsorbedin.../belostin.../beburiedin...【即时练】单句语法填空①Alltheseworriesmakeitimpossibleforhertoconcentrateherwork.②Hisabilitytoabsorbinformationwasastonishing,buthis(concentrate)timewasshort.翻译练习：汉译英。①专心学习，你就会取得更大进步。(concentrateon)______________________________________________________.②这需要高度的专注和很好的平衡感才能站在上面。(it作形式主语，concentration,balance)_____________________________________________________________.【高考真题链接】(2021全国乙D篇)32.Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace?A.Ithelpshimconcentrate. B.Itblocksoutbackgroundnoise.C.Ithasapleasantatmosphere. D.Itencouragesface-to-faceinteractions.leave...alone不打扰...,

不惊动...，不碰【经典例句】Ireallywantedtotellhimtopleasebequietandleavemealone!我真的想告诉他请安静不要打扰我！【词块必记】leavebehind遗留；把……抛在后面;落后leaveaside搁置一边；不考虑leaveout省略；遗漏leavefor到……地方去；前往EitheronegoesforwardorhewillbeleftbehindIwonderwhytheyleftoutsuchanimportantquestion.Thenewlymarriedcoupleareleavingfortheirhoneymoon.【即时练】单句语法填空1)Pleaseleavemythings________!2)Whendoyouplantoleave___________Canada?3)We’llleave___________thedifficultproblemuntilnextweek．4)We

hear

of

women

who

run

away,

leaving

_______

their

homes

and

families.5)It

was

careless

of

him

to

leave

______an

important

detail.句式冲关句式冲关重点句式:find＋宾语＋宾语补足语Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.我觉得我的大多数同学和老师都很友好，而且乐于助人。句中“mostofmyclassmatesandteachers”为宾语，“friendlyandhelpful”为宾语补足语。“find＋n./pron.＋宾语补足语”意思是“发现……处于……状态”，常用下列形式：(1)find＋n./pron.＋形容词(2)find＋n./pron.＋副词(3)find＋n./pron.＋介词短语(4)find＋n./pron.＋动词-ing形式(表示主动或动作正在进行) (5)find＋n./pron.＋动词-ed形式(表示被动或动作已完成)【即时练】(1)单句语法填空①Whenhearrived,hefoundallthework_______(finish)．②Whenshecameintotheroom,shefoundthem________(sit)togethersinging.(2)完成句子③Icalledonheronmywayhomeand____________________.我在回家的路上去拜访她，发现她出去了。④Jane___________________________________________________.简发现自己在一个不同的世界里。⑤ShereturnedtoEnglandto_____________________________.她回到英国，发现自己竟出名了。重点句式:whatif......?如果...会怎么样呢？要是...会怎么样呢？后面跟一个句子，相当于Whatwill/wouldhappenif...?【教材原句】Whatifnoonetalkstome?要是没人跟我说话怎么办呢？【知识拓展】其他类似结构：What/Howabout...？ ……怎么样(表示建议)?Howcome? 怎么回事？Sowhat? 那又怎么样？Whatfor?为什么......what'sup?怎么了？Whatdoyouthinkof...?认为......怎么样？【即时练】单句语法填空①____________hegetsangry?I'malittleworried.如果他生气了会怎么样呢？我有点儿担心。②_______________goingtothecinematonight?Anewfilmisonshow.今天晚上去看电影怎么样？有一部新电影正在上映。③—Someonewillseeyoudoingit.—_______________?——会有人看见你做这事的。——那又怎么样？④______________?Whyareyoulateagain?怎么回事？你为什么又迟到了？重点单词冲关重点单词冲关1.【即时练】答案:1.exchanging;2.for;翻译：①Weshouldn’tbepessimisticabouttheexchangebetweenlanguages.②Studentsshouldoftenexchangeideaswiththeirparents.③I’mhappytolearnthatyouwillcometoourschoolnexttermasanexchangestudent.【高考真题链接】D2.【即时练】答案:1.isdesignedto2.isdesignedfor3.bydesign4.for翻译：①