初中英语冠词及其用法

英语中冠词的用法和解析冠词分为不定冠词（a,an）,定冠词（the）,和零冠词I.不定冠词的用法：1指-类人或事，相当于akindofAplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2第一次提及某人某物，非特指Aboyiswaitingforyou.3表示“每”相当于every，oneWestudyeighthoursaday.4表示“相同"相"thesameWearenearlyofanage.5用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事AMr.SmithcametovisityouwhenyouwereoutThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.6用于固定词组中Acoupleof,abit,onceuponatime,inahurry,haveawalk,manyatime7用于quite,rather,many,half,what,such之后Thisroomisratherabigone.8用于so（as,too,how）+形容词之后Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.II.定冠词的用法：1表示某一类人或物Thehorseisausefulanimal.2用于世上独无二的事物名词前theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOcean3表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?4用于乐器前面playtheviolin,playtheguitar

5用于形容词和分词前表示一类人thereach,theliving,thewounded6表示“家人”或“夫妇”theGreens,theWangs7用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.8用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyofChina,theFrench9用于表示发明物的单数名词前ThecompasswasinventedinChina.10在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代inthe1990's11用于表示单位的名词前Ihiredthecarbythehour.12用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前Hepattedmeontheshoulder.III.零冠词的用法：1专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前BeijingUniversity,Jack,China,love,air2名词前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限制Iwantthisbook,notthatone./Whosepurseisthis?3季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前March,Sunday,NationalDay,spring4表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前LincolnwasmadePresidentofAmerica.5学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前Helikesplayingfootball/chess.6与by连用表示交通工具的名词前bytrain,byair,byland7以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husbandandwife,knifeandfork,dayandnight8表示泛指的复数名词前Horsesareusefulanimals.冠词正误分析一、辨析正误1、［误］Iboughtthedictionaryyesterday.Adictionaryisverygood.［正］Iboughtadictionaryyesterday.Thedictionaryisverygood.［析］在文章中第一次提到某物时用不定冠词，而第二次提到时用定冠词。2、［误］Pleaseturnofflightsbeforeyouleave.［正］Pleaseturnoffthelightsbeforeyouleave.［析］虽然是第一次提到某物但说话双方均知其所指，也应用定冠词。3、［误］Therearenineplanetsaroundasun.［正］Therearenineplanetsaroundthesun.［析］世上独一无二的天体等名词前应加定冠词，如：theearth,themoon,thesun,thesky,thesea.4、［误］Iliveonasecondfloorofthisbuilding.［正］Iliveonthesecondfloorofthisbuilding.［析］在序数词，形容词最高级前要用定冠词。如：Heistheoldestinthefamily.［误］Iwanttolearnthesecondlanguagethisterm.［正］Iwanttolearnasecondlanguagethisterm.［析］在序数词的含意不是顺序中的第一第二，而其意在于再学一个，再来一个时，应用a,本句的意思应为：这学期我要学一门第二外语。［误］Mississippiisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.［正］TheMississippiisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.［析］在河流名称前应加定冠词，如：theYellowRiver（黄河）。［误］Look,thereareAlp.［误］Look,therearetheAlp.［正］Look,therearetheAlps.［析］具体的某一座山不加定冠词，如：MountainTai.但在山名称前加定冠词后，其山名要加s,来表示山脉。theAlps即为阿尔卑斯山脉。如:TheAlpsareinthecenterofEurope.［误］Timesisoneoftheoldestnewspapersintheworld.［正］TheTimesisoneoftheoldestnewspapersintheworld.［析］报刊名称前应加定冠词。9、［误］Richarenotalwayshappy.［正］Thericharenotalwayshappy.［析］在形容词前加定冠词表示一类人，而在姓的前面加定冠词，姓后加s表示某一家，如：TheturnersaregoingtomovetoNewYork.［误］Iliketoeatbreadforbreakfast.Breadsellsinthisshopisverygood.［正］Iliketoeatbreadforbreakfast.Thebreadsellsinthisshopisverygood.［析］物质名词特指时也应加定冠词。［误］Thesunrisesineast.［正］Thesunrisesintheeast.［析］在方向、方位前应用定冠词，如：intheeast,inthewest,inthenorth,inthesouth,inthedirection及inthepast,inthefuture［误］Doyouknowwhoinventedtelephone［正］Doyouknowwhoinventedthetelephone［析］在特定和专有事物或名称前要加定冠词，如：theEnglishChannel英吉利海峡thePanamaCanal巴拿马运河theSuezCanal苏伊士运河［误］Wouldyoupleasebuysomefoodforthesupper［正］Wouldyoupleasebuysomefoodforsupper［析］泛指一日三餐前无定冠词。［误］Iliketoclimbthemountainintheautumn.［正］Iliketoclimbthemountaininautumn.［析］一年四季前不用定冠词，如：Springisthebestseasoninayear.［误］Sometimesmyparentscometoschooltoseeme.［正］Sometimesmyparentscometotheschooltoseeme.［析］有些名词被用作其本身原来所含目的时不加冠词，如：gotoschool上学，leaveschool（辍学），afterschool（放学），但如果当建筑物讲时应加冠词，如例句中其父母来校不是上学，而是看望孩子，则要加定冠词。又如，Hewasinhospitalfortwodays.（他在医院住院两天了。）而：Hewenttothehospitaltoseehismother.他去医院看望他的母亲。16、［误］Iboughtasamedictionaryasshebought.［正］Iboughtthesamedictionaryasshebought.［析］在惯用法thesame,theonly,thevery前的定冠词不可换为不定冠词。17、［误］Thepolicecaughtthethiefbyhisarm.［