2023学年完整公开课版虚拟语气

GrammarTheSubjunctiveMood1英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气2定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。一、虚拟语气定义2）在条件句中的应用

条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。二、虚拟语气的考点1、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法；2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法；5、虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhaveasedyouaboutitIfitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgotothepar虚拟语气陈述语气结论：条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句。在这种真实条年句中的谓语用陈述语气。一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来过去时（were）过去完成时would/could/should/mightV（原）would/could/should/mighthavepp1过去时V3weretodowould/could/should/mightV（原）1如果现在不下雨的话,我们就出去野餐了。Ifit_____notraining,we________forapicnicwereshouldgo1、表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果1要是当初她被邀请的话,她就会参加这次聚会了。She______________tothee,I__________________thismorningwouldhavegonehadbeeninvitedhadn’tcalledoversleptwouldhave2表示与过去事实相反的假设或结果如果你成功，一切就好了。Ifyou_________,everythingwouldbeallrightIfyou_____________,everythingwouldbeallrightIfyou_____________,everythingwouldbeallrightsucceededshouldsucceedweretosucceed3、表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果虚拟条件句可以转换的形式（1）省略连词if在书面语中，如果虚拟条件句中有were,had或should，可以把if省略，而把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。WereIyouIfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdoit我要是你，就不做这事ShouldhecomeIfheshouldcome,tellhimtoringmeup他要是来了，让他给我打个电话。主、从句的动作发生时间不一致的情况。有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。youhadlistenedtothedoctor,youwouldbeallrightnow如果你当初听了医生的话，身体现在就好了。（从句动作指过去，主句动作指现在）。youhadore,youwouldbeabletospeaitfluently如果你多练习讲英语，现在就能讲得很流利了。1如果你昨天问他,你现在就知道怎么办。Ifyou_________himyesterday,you__________whattodonow2如果昨晚下雨，今天会很冷。Ifit_________lastnight,it_________verycoldtodayhadasedwouldnowhadrainedwouldbeCompletethefollowing3如果我是你,我就不会错过昨天晚上的那部电影。IfI____you,I___________________thefilmlastnight．werewouldn’thavemissed用介词短语代替条件状语从句WithoutairIftherewerenoair,therewouldbenolivingthings如果没有空气的话，就不会有生物了。ButforyourhelpIfithadn’tbeenforyourhelpIcouldn’thavedoneit要不是你的帮助，我就不可能完成这件事。含蓄条件句Wemighthavediedwithoutyourhelighthavediedifyouhadn’thele,wecouldhavestoe,wecouldstoppedit在条件从句中除最常见的连词之外,尚有下列连词:otherwise;incase;butthat;onconditionthat;unless;suppose/supposingthat;solongas;provided/providingthat2用相当于if的其他连词表示虚拟结构1Iwasbusylastwee,otherwiseIwouldhavecometoseeyouthatyouhadofferedheleIwouldhavegivenyoumoremoney,butIwasber3通过上下文来虚拟我很忙，否则我可帮助你。Iambusynow,otherwiseI________youthefavor2要不是你的劝告,我是不会做这份工作的。Butforyouradvice,I____________abletodothiswor．woulddowouldnotbeCompletethefollowing3要不是你，我不会认识他Withoutyou,I________________himwouldnevernowsuggest建议thatinsistordercommandrequirerequestdemandprefer“should”类sbshoulddosth（宾语从句）考题点击：Theteacherdemandedthatthewor_____before4o’clocAfinishedBbefinishedCshouldfinish2---Whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmother’sillness---Hesuggestedthatshe_____anousthave BhadChave Dhadhad3Theteacherorderedthatstudents_______’tsmoesmoesmoedBCB当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明,暗示”时,其后的从句中不用虚拟语气。例如:1Isuggestthatwe__________________ameetingnetwee2Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyou______illshouldholdareAttention4Heinsistedthathe_____________sentthere5Heinsistedthathe_________honest6Sheinsistedthathe________________anythinghadn’tstolenwasshouldbeB、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice,decision等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）动词原形。Mysuggestionisthatweshouldleaveatonce1表语从句:2同位语从句:ImaeaeetingnetweeC、主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句型：1Itbe形容词that…should动词原形…形容词:important,necessary,natural,right,wrong,better,proper,funny,strange,surprising,desirable,advisable,…ItisnecessarythatweshouldhaveawalnowIt'simportantthatweshouldtaegoodcareofthepatient

2Itbe过去分词that…should动词原形…过去分词：suggested,requested,ordered,proposed…Itisrequiredthatnobodyshouldsmoehere

It’ssuggestedthateverybodyshouldbuyadictionary3Itbe名词（ae/nowonder）that…should动词原形…

考题点击：Hetooawaytheoygentanforfearthatit______AmayeploreCeplodeeplodeC,forfearthat和incase引导的状语从句中，这时谓语动词用should动词原形或动词原形。SheclosedthewindowslestshecatchcoldIt’shightimethatsbdidsthaboutshoulddosthwishthatsbdidsthhaddonesthcould/woulddowouldratherthatsbwhatifIfonlyasif“过去时及过去完成时态”类didsthnow/tomorrowhaddonesthinthepast3要是母亲给我许多金钱就好了。Ifonlymymother_______mealotofmoney4要是他明天不来怎么办？Whatifhe_____________tomyhelorrowshouldn’tcomeweretogive我要是听取妈妈的建议就好了。