Unit1ReadingandThinkingLanguagepoints课件高中英语人教版选择性

Unit1LanguagepointsASHORTHISTORYOFWESTERNPAINTING西方绘画艺术简史WhatisWesternart?Itishardtogiveaprecisedefinition.AstherehavebeensomanydifferentstylesofWesternart,itisimpossibletodescribethemallinashorttext.PerhapsthebestwaytounderstandWesternartistolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.什么是西方艺术?很难给出一个精确的定义。由于西方的艺术风格多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。也许了解西方艺术的最好方法就是看看几个世纪以来西方绘画的发展。找出本段的不定式，并分析其用法ASHORTHISTORYOFWESTERNPAINTING西方绘画艺术简史WhatisWesternart?Itishardtogiveaprecisedefinition.AstherehavebeensomanydifferentstylesofWesternart,itisimpossibletodescribethemallinashorttext.PerhapsthebestwaytounderstandWesternartistolookat

thedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.什么是西方艺术?很难给出一个精确的定义。由于西方的艺术风格多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。也许了解西方艺术的最好方法就是看看几个世纪以来西方绘画的发展。It+be+adj.+不定式（短语）ASHORTHISTORYOFWESTERNPAINTING西方绘画艺术简史WhatisWesternart?Itishardtogiveaprecisedefinition.AstherehavebeensomanydifferentstylesofWesternart,itisimpossibletodescribethemallinashorttext.PerhapsthebestwaytounderstandWesternartistolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.什么是西方艺术?很难给出一个精确的定义。由于西方的艺术风格多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。也许了解西方艺术的最好方法就是看看几个世纪以来西方绘画的发展。as引导________________，相当于because，但通常位于句首原因状语从句precisepreciselyarenotpreciseaboutatthatprecisemomentTheMiddleAges(fromthe5thtothe15thcentury)中世纪(5世纪到15世纪)DuringtheMiddleAges,thepurposeofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.Thus,artistswerenotinterestedinpaintingrealisticscenes.Theirworkswereoftenprimitiveandtwo-dimensional,andthemaincharacterswereoftenmademuchlargerthaneveryoneelsetoshowtheirimportance.Thisbegantochangeinthe13thcenturywithGiottodiBondone(1267-1337).Whilehispaintingsstillhadreligiousthemes,theyshowedrealpeopleinarealenvironment.Inparticular,hispaintingsaresetapartfromotherpaintingsbytheirrealistichumanfacesanddeepemotionalimpact.在中世纪，西方艺术的目的是向人们传授基督教。因此，艺术家对写实场景不感兴趣。他们的作品通常较为粗糙目二维化，主体人物通常比其他人物大得多，以显示他们的重要性。这种情况在13世纪时因乔托·迪·邦多纳(1267-1337)而开始改变。尽管他的画仍然带有宗教主题，但它们展示的是真实的环境中的真实人物。尤其是他的画作，因其逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击而从其他画作中脱颖而出。2．realistic

adj.

现实的；逼真的berealisticaboutsth.对某事实事求是/对某事现实Itisnotrealistictodosth.做某事是不现实的。

realadj.真的

reallyadv.真正地,确实地;int.是的,是啊;

realityn.真实，现实

realize

v.

理解;领会;认识到;意识到;realistn.现实主义者；现实主义画家realismn.现实主义；逼真；务实作风realistaboutrealisticrealismtopersuade【即学活用】即学活用(1)语法填空。①I’m___________(particular)interestedinthisjobbecauseIwanttofurtherimprovemyoralEnglish.②Ialwaysshowedmyrespectandlovetotheold,mygrandparents______particular.

(2)Nowwe_______________________________whenhavingdinnerbuteatingvarioushealthydiets.

现在吃晚餐的时候我们不再对食物挑剔,而是吃各种各样健康的食物。particularlyinarenolongerparticularaboutfood3.

inparticular＝particularlyadv.尤其;特别

beparticularabout

/over...对……讲究；挑剔

beparticularto

为……所特有4.setAapartfromB使A不同于B/使A比B突出/使A优于B

AbesetapartfromB

A被和B区分开来/A不同于B

tellAfromB/distinguishAfromB区分A和Bset有关短语开始做某事setabout(doingsth.)开始(做某事)setout(todosth.)出发(去)

setout(for)动身/出发

setoff(for);引爆;引发setoff留出setaside记下setdown建立setup

用set的短语填空1)We

topreparesupperthemomentwereturnedhome.2)WearehappytoinformyouthattheStudents’Unionhasdecidedto________acyclingclub.

3)Thiskindofmusicis______________otherstylesbytheirviolentrhyme.

4)Doctorsadvised____________acertainhouradayforoutdooractivities.

5)Ifyouwanttocatchthattrainwe'dbetter_________forthestationimmediately.6)Ihavethedetails________inmynotes.setoutsetupsetapartfromsettingasidesetoff/outsetdownTheRenaissance(fromthe14thtothe17thcentury)文艺复兴时期(14世纪到17世纪)NewideasandvaluesgraduallyreplacedoldonesfromtheMiddleAges.Asaresult,paintersconcentratedlessonreligiousthemes.Theybegantoadoptamorehumanisticattitudetolife.AnimportantbreakthroughduringthisperiodwastheuseofperspectivebyMasaccio(1401-1428).InfluentialpainterssuchasLeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)，Michelangelo(1475-1564)andRaphael(1483-1520)builtuponGiottoandMasaccio'sinnovationstoproducesomeofthegreatestartthatEuropehadeverseen.新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的思想和价值观。因此，画家较少关注宗教主题。他们开始采取一种更人性化的生活态度。这一时期的一个重要突破是马萨乔(1401-1428)对透视法的运用。一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多·达芬·奇、米开朗琪罗和拉斐尔，在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创造出欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。5．influential

adj.

有影响力的；有支配力的

influentiallyadv.有影响地；有力地

influence

n.影响；势力；有影响的人或事

vt.影响；改变

beinfluentialin(doing)sth对(做)某事有影响

haveaninfluence/effect/impact

on/oversb./sth.

对某人/某物产生强大的影响

undertheinfluenceof…

受……的影响【即学活用】(1)语法填空。①Itisoneofthemost_________(influence)clubsinourschool.②Overseasstudytourscanhaveapositiveinfluence___thefuturedevelopmentofstudents.

③__________(influence)bythesefilmsandTVplays,someteenagersbelievethatsmokinghelpsmakethemmoreattractive.

(2)Itisobviousthatparents_____________________theirchildren.

很显然,父母对孩子们有很深的影响。influentialonInfluencedhaveadeepinfluenceonAnotherinnovationwastheuseofoilpaints.Withtheirdeepcoloursandrealism,someofthebestoilpaintingslooklikephotographs.WhilepaintersasearlyasDaVincihadusedoil,thistechniquereacheditsheightwithRembrandt(1606-1669),whogainedareputationasamasterofshadowandlight.另一个创新是油画颜料的使用。由于其深沉的色彩和现实主义风格，一些最好的油画看上去就像是照片。尽管早在达芬·奇时代一些画家就使用油彩绘画，但伦勃朗使得这种技艺达到顶峰，他拥有“光影大师”的雅称。6.reputationn.名誉;名声=famehaveareputationfor...因…而享有声誉/出名damage/ruinone’sreputation损害/毁坏某人的名声liveuptoone’sreputation名副其实,名不虚传haveagood/badreputation有好/坏名声earn/win/gainareputation(as...)(作为......)赢得声誉establish/buildup/makeareputation树立/博得名誉goodreputationearnedareputationashasareputationforatoInsubjectmattertheemphasisincreasinglyshiftedfromreligiousthemestopeopleandtheworldaroundus.Kings,nobles,andpeopleofhighrankwantedtopurchaseaccuratepicturesofthemselvesandthepeopletheyloved.Otherswantedpaintingsshowingimportanthistoricaleventsorstoriesfrommythology.Finally,mostclientswantedpaintingsthatwerebeautifulandinterestingtolookat.在题材上，重点逐渐从宗教主题转移到人和我们周围的世界。国王、贵族和上流社会人士都想购买自己和所爱之人的准确照片。其他人则想要。展示重要历史事件或神话故事的画作。最后，大多数客户都想要看起来美丽有趣的画作。7.rankn.（尤指较高的）地位，级别；（人或事物的）行列vt.&vi.把……分等级；使排成行rankfirst/second...位列第一/二......rank...as...把……评为……

She_______________oneofthemostpotentialathletesatthattime.她被评为当时最有潜力的运动员之一TheChinesedelegationhaswon6medalsintheWinterOlymipicsinBeijing,

_________theseventhplaceofthemedallist.wasrankedasranking8.purchasevt.购买；采购

n.买；购买；购买的东西

purchasesth.fromsb.向某人购买某物makeapurchase(ofsth)采购

makesapurchaseImpressionism(late19thtoearly20thcentury)印象派时期(19世纪后期到20世纪初期)ThedevelopmentofWesternartsloweduntiltheinventionofphotographyinthemid-19thcentury.Afterthat,paintingswerenolongerneededtopreservewhatpeopleandtheworldlookedlike.Hence,paintershadtofindanewwayoflookingattheirart.Fromthis,ImpressionismemergedinFrance.ThenameofthisnewmovementcamefromthepaintingbyClaudeMonet(1840-1926)calledImpression,Sunrise.Inthiswork,Monet'saimwastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene-thesubjectiveimpressionthescenegavehim-butnotadetailedrecordofthesceneitself.直到19世纪中叶摄影术发明之前，西方艺术的发展缓慢。在那之后，不再需要绘画来保存人和世界的面貌了。因此，画家们不得不寻找一种新的方式来看待他们的艺术。由此，印象派在法国应运而生。这个新运动的名字来源于克劳德·莫奈(1840-1926)的一幅名为《印象·日出》的画作。在这幅作品中，莫奈想传达场景中的光线和运动--场景给他的主观印象--而不是场景本身的详细记录。9.emergevi.&vt.出现;浮现;暴露

emergence

n.出现,浮现;发生

emergefrom

自……出现;从……显露出来

emergeas...

作为...出现

Itemergedthat………已经很清楚emergent

adj.紧急的;浮现的;意外的emergency

n.紧急情况;突发事件(1)用emerge的正确形式填空。①Thecoursewillhelpmetolearnabouthowtodealwithmedical___________.②Ourgovernmenthadtotakesome_________measurestofightagainstthevirus.

③Sincethe__________ofCOVID-19,scientistsbegantoseriouslystudytheviruses.(2)Awhitestreakoflight_____________asmallhillatthattime.

那时一束白光从小山中浮现。(3)Itemerged________shehadbeeninformedofthenews.2.Astheelderlymanemerged____afreshman,everyonewasveryastonished.emergenciesemergentemergenceemergedfromthatas10.conveyvt.表达;传递(思想、感情等);传送conveysth.tosb.(for...)

(因……)

向某人表达/传递某物

conveysb./sth.fromAtoB

把某人/某物从A地运送到B地

conveyone'sfeelings/meanings

表达感情/意思①Inthisletter,Iwouldliketoconveymysincereappreciation___you____yourhelp.②Yourluggagewillbeconveyed_____theairport___yourhotel.WhilemanyImpressionistspaintedscenesofnatureordailylife,others,suchasRenoir(1841-1919),focusedonpeople.Unlikethecoldblack-and-whitephotographsofthattimeperiod,Renoir'spaintingsarefulloflight,shadow,colour,andlife.Hesoughttoshownotjusttheouterimageofhissubjects,buttheirinnerwarmthandhumanityaswell.虽然许多印象派画家描绘了自然或日常生活场景，但其他画家，如雷诺阿(1841-1919年)则以人物为关注对象。雷诺阿的画作与那个时代冷淡的黑白照片不同，充满了光、影、色彩和生命。他不仅试图