人教版八年级英语下册Unit10单元语法归纳与练习

单元语法归纳与练习现在完成时(三)一、现在完成时态的延续性用法现在完成时可以表示过去已经开始,持续到现在,而且可能持续下去的动作或状态,通常和表示一段时间的状语连用。inthepastfiftyyears,duringthisweek,sincetenyearsago,foralongtime,sofar

等。此时,句子中要用某些带有延续意义的动词。HehaslivedinAmericasince1976.

自从1976年以来他就住在美国。WehavestudiedEnglishforsixyears.

我们学习英语已经有六年了。

Duringthepastfewyears,therehavebeengreatchangesinChina.

在过去的几年里,中国发生了巨大的变化。二、延续性动词与非延续性动词1.延续性动词表示行为或过程能持久继续下去或能产生持久的影响,可以和“一段时间”连用。常见的延续性动词有:work,keep,have,live,stay

等。2.非延续性动词又称终止性动词,这类动词表示行为或过程是短暂的或瞬时完成

结束。常见的非延续性动词有:open,die,close,come,go,move,borrow,buy,

arrive,leave,join,kill,lend,reach

等。它们不能和“一段时间”连用。3.在现在完成时中,如要将终止性动词转换为延续性动词,可作如下变化(1)由动词转换为be+adj/adv.结构:

leave→be

away(from)

begin/start→beon

finish/end→beover

die→bedead

come/go/getto/arrivein/at/reach→be(in)

fallasleep→beasleep

marry→bemarried

open→beopen

close→beclosed

sitdown→beseated

getup→beup(2)borrow→keep

buy→haveputon→wear

moveto→livein

become→be

catchacold→haveacold

gettoknow→know

join→beamemberof/bein【温馨提示】

在否定句中,非延续性动词可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。Ihaven’tseenhimforalongtime.我好久没见到他了。单项选择()1.Ihavehadthepen

twodays

mymomboughtit.

A.for;for

B.since;for

C.for;since

D.since;since()2.—Whendidyoujointheclub?

mymonboughtit.

A.joined

B.havejoined

C.becameamember

D.havebeenamemberCD()3.—YouspeakEnglishsowell!—Thankyou.I

itforsixyears.

A.havelearned B.learn

C.learned

D.waslearning()4.—HowdoyoulikeyourEnglishteacher?

—Heisgreat.We

friendssincethreeyearsago.

A.were

B.havemade

C.havebeen D.havebecome()5.—Wheredoyoulive,LinTao?

—IliveinBeijingnow.I

herefortenyears.(2018湘西)

A.moved

B.havemoved

C.havebeenACC()6.—Doyoustillplaybasketball?—Oh,no.I

itforthepasttwoyears.(2018武汉)

A.haven’tplayed B.didn’tplay

C.won’tplay D.hadn’tplayed()7.—Howlonghaveyouknownhim?

—

hewasalittleboy.

A.For

B.Since

C.Until

D.When()8.Millie

inthisfactorysince1990.(2018梧州)

A.works

B.worked

C.hasworked D.haveworkedABC()9.—Isthisyourcamera?—Yes,I

itfortwoweeks.

A.bought

B.had

C.havehad D.havebought()10.—WhenwillABiteofChinaⅢbegintonight