2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案sm

2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案Everyfourorfiveyears,vastquantitiesofwarmwaterbuildupalongthewestcoastofSouthAmerica.Thisphenomenon,ElNino（厄尔尼诺），createsstormsthatcausedevastatingfloods.Theresultiscostly.In2017,forinstance,ElNinoshutdownnorthernPeru'ssugar-canebusiness.ModernfarmersviewElNinostoically（坚忍地）.Theyusemoneysavedingoodyearstorebuildinbadones.Buthistorysuggestsitneednotbelikethat.Inapaperpublishedrecently,AriCaramanica,anarchaeologistatUniversityofthePacific,inLima,showshowitusedtobedone.Andtheanswerseemstobe,"better".DrCaramanicaandhercolleagueshavebeenstudyingthePampadeMocan,acoastaldesertplaininnorthernPeru.PampadeMocanisnotidealforfarming.Itssoilcontainslittleorganicmatterandtheannualrainfallinnon-Nihoyearsisusuallylessthantwocentimetres.Today'sfarmersthereforedependoncanalstocarrywaterfromlocalriverstotheirfields.Ithadbeenassumedthatancientfarmershadasimilararrangement-andsotheydid.ButDrCaramanicaalsofoundeightcanalsthatcouldcarrywaterfarbeyondtherangeofmodernfarms.Sincetheclimatewassimilartothepresentday'swhenthesecanalsweredug,andtherivernohigher,shesupposedthattheywereintendedtoguidethefloodwaterarrivingduringNinoyears.Aroundaquarteroftheancientagriculturalinfrastructure（基础设施）ofthisareaseemstohavebeenbuiltonlyformanagingNiho-generatedfloodwater.EvidencerevealsthatPampadeMocanproducedlotsofcropsinsomeyears.DrCaramanicafsteamalsodiscoveredtwocisterns（蓄水池）inthearea.These,possibly,wereusedtostorefloodwater.Thesefindingssuggestthat,ratherthanresistingElNino,earlyfarmersinPampadeMocanwerereadytomakeuseofitwhenitarrived.PreciselyhowtheymanagedtheirfieldsinNinoyearsremainstobediscovered.Butmodernfarmersmightdowelltolearnfromthem..WhatdoweknowaboutElNinofromthetext?A.Itcanbeusedinfarming.B.Itisusuallycausedbyfloods.C.Ithaslittleinfluenceonbusiness.D.Itisalwaysresistedasadisaster..WhatmadethefarmsinPampadeMocanproductive?A.Richsoil.B.Agreeableclimate.C.Abundantrainfall.D.Agriculturalconstructions..Whafstheauthor'sattitudetotheancientwaysofdealingwithElNino?A.Approving.B.IndifferentC.Critical.D.Negative..Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SurvivingElNinoB.LivingwithElNinoC.FarminginDifferentTimesD・LearningfromHistoryA D A BAstudyshowedthattheexperienceschildrenhaveintheirfirstfewyearsareimportant.Theseexperiencesaffectthedevelopmentofthebrain.Whenchildrenreceivemoreattention,theyoftenhavehigherIQs.Babiesreceiveinformationwhentheysee,hearandfeelthings,whichmakesconnectionsbetweendifferentpartsofthebrain.Thereareahundredtrillion（万亿）connectionsinthebrainofathreeyearoldchild.ResearcherJuditGervaintestedhowgoodnewbornsareatdistinguishingdifferentsoundpatterns.Herresearchersproducedimagesofthebrainsofbabiesastheyhearddifferentsoundpatterns.Forexamplezoneorderwasmubaba.Thisisthepattern〃ABB〃.Anotherorderwasmubage.Thisisthepattern〃ABC〃.Theimagesshowedthatthepartofthebrainresponsibleforspeechwasmoreactiveduringthe〃ABB”pattern.ThisshowsthatbabiescantellthedifferencebetweendifferentpatternsJheyalsoweresensitivetowhereitoccurredintheorder.Gervainisexcitedbythesefindingsbecausetheorderofsoundsisthebuildingblockofwordsandgrammar."PositioniskeytolanguageJshesays./zIfsomethingisatthebeginningorattheend,itmakesabigdifference:'Johncaughtthebear/isverydifferentfromThebearcaughtJohn/〃ResearchersledbyscientistPatriciaKuhlhavefoundthatlanguagedeliveredbytelevisions,audiobooks,theInternet,orsmartphones-nomatterhoweducational-doesn'tappeartobeenoughforchildren7sbraindevelopment.TheycarriedoutastudyofninemontholdAmericanbabies.Theyexpectedthefirstgroupwho'dwatchedvideosinChinesetoshowthesamekindoflearningasthesecondgroupwhowerebroughtfacetofacewiththesamesounds.Insteadtheyfoundahugedifference.ThebabiesinthesecondgroupwereabletodistinguishbetweensimilarChinesesoundsaswellasnativelisteners.Buttheotherbabies一regardlessofwhethertheyhadwatchedthevideoorlistenedtotheaudio-learnednothing..Whatmakesconnectionsinababy'sbrain?A.HavingahigherIQ.B.Experiencingnewinformation.C.Thebaby'searlyage.D.Theconnectionwithotherbabies..WhatdidJuditGervainandherteamfindintheexperiment?A.Babiescanidentifydifferentsoundpatterns.B.Wordorderisrelevanttomeaning.C.Babiescanwellunderstanddifferentwords.D.Acertainbrainregionprocesseslanguage..WhatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninParagraph3?A.Grammarisimportantinlearninglanguages.B.Differentordershavedifferentmeanings.C.Differentlanguageshavedifferentgrammar.D.Wordshavedifferentsounds..Whatisthemai