新版八年级英语下册第三单元知识点归纳

1版八年级英语下册第三单元学问点归纳版八年级英语下册第三单元学问点归纳Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?一、Peter,couldyoupleasetakeoutthe rubbish?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？----sure,mom.Couldyoupleasedosth请你〔做〕......好吗？用于提出恳求，期望得到对方确实定答复，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。答复用can.【常用答语】确定答复：Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem. 否认答复：Sorry,Ican’t2、takeout取出〔v+adv〕【注】:跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边take有关的短语:takeout带出去,取出Pleasetakeoutapieceofpaper.请拿出一张纸。Pleasetakeitout.请把它拿出来。take...out“把……带出去”Myfatheristakingmeouttogoforadrive.我爸爸要带我出去开车。(1)takeoff脱下；〔飞机〕起飞----Please takeoffyour coat〔外套〕,It’swarmhere.【短语】takeoutthetrash/rubbish倒垃圾takeaway拿走，取走【短语】takeoutthetrash/rubbish倒垃圾takeaway拿走，取走takeback收回 takeplace发生takeoff 脱下；起飞〔2〕take…to…把...带到...(3)takesb.forawalk带某人去闲逛takeawalk闲逛〔4〕takeexercise运动，熬炼〔5〕takeone’stime不用急，渐渐来〔6〕takeabus(ship/train)乘坐公共汽车〔7〕taketurns轮番，替换〔8〕Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多长时间CanCanyoudothedishes.？那你可以洗盘子吗？dothedishes洗碗【构造1】dothe+名词： dothedishes/laundry洗餐具/衣服【构造2】dothe+动词-ing dothecleaning清扫卫生3】doone’s+名词doone’shousework/homework做家务/家庭作业【构造4】dosome+动词-ing dosomereading/shopping 读写书/购物couldyoupleasehelpoutwithafewthings?helpout动词短语，表示在某人繁忙或遇到困难时“赐予帮助”。helpout之间还可以参加具体的“人”。e.g.Hehelpedmeoutwithmytask.他帮我完成了任务。Theyhelped(us)outwiththeclean-up.他们帮助我们做大扫除。BecauseMomwillbackfrom shoppinganyminutenow.由于妈妈马上回来购物。anyminutenow 一种常见的口语表达法，相当于“随时；马上；在任何时刻”的意思，7.CouldIatleastfinishwatchingthisshow?至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？1】Could7.CouldIatleastfinishwatchingthisshow?至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？1】CouldIdosth?我可以做 吗？用于表达恳求，语气比较委婉。CouldIgooutwithmyclassmatethisweekend?2】atleast至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反atmost至多3】finishv完毕；完成 finishdoingsth做完某事eg—Canyoufinishreadingthesebooksbefore10o”clock? —Yes,Ican.5、IthinktwohoursofTVisenoughforyou!我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。1】twohoursofTV表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。Howtimeisflies!Threeyearsisreallyashorttime.时间飞逝！三年真的是短暂的时间。1】enough足够的，充分的〔在句中作定语或表语〕Idon’thaveenoughmoneywithme.我没有足够的钱。【解析2】足够；充分〔放在形容词；副词后〕Theriverisdeepenoughforswimming.这条河够深，可以游泳。【记】Mr.Smithhasenoughmoney,butheisn’tkindenoughtohelpothers.史米斯先生有足够的钱，但他不够好心帮助别人enough6、Couldyoutakeouttherubbish,foldtheclothesanddothedishes?你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗？【解析】takeout拿出；取出take的用法：Pleasetakesomebookstotheclassroom.请带一些书到教室去。Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.这药一天服三次。Theyusuallytakethebustowork.他们通常乘公共汽车去上班。Ittakesmetwohourstodomyhomeworkeveryday.我每天花两个小时做作业。短语takearest休息takecareof照看takeoff脱下；起飞takeup占据takedown拿下takeone’stime不急；渐渐来takeone’stemperature量体温TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。【解析1】theminute=assoonas “一......就 ”Pleasewritetometheminuteyougetthere.2】infrontof指在物体外部的前面classroom.教室前面有一辆自行车。指在物体内部的前面Ourteacherisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroom我们的教师正站在教室的前面【记】Thedriversat_inthefrontof_thecar.Thepolicemanstood infrontof_thecar.【留意】有thethe区分大：attable吃饭；进餐 inhospital住院atthetabel在桌边 inthehospital在医院〔不肯定看病〕3】comeover过来【拓展】come短语：comeacross〔偶然〕觉察comeback回来 comeupwith想出cometrue实现 comedown下来 comefrom=befrom来自,诞生于comein/into进入,进来comeon赶快,加油 comealong走吧,过来,快点comeandgo来来去去comeup上来 comeout出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来YouwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse!你总是看电视，从不帮助做家务！allthetime =always始终；总是I’mjustastiredasyouare!我和你一样累！【解析】as...as... 和......一样......Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI. 一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。【解析】neither+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语“某人〔主语〕也不”neither两者都不neither…nor…既不…也不…,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定NeitherTomnorJimisastudent⑵表达“…也不……”则用“Neither/Nor+be/V助/V情+主”—Thefirstonewasn’tbadNeitherwasthesecond. 第一个并不坏。-其次个也不是。Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecleanandtidy.其次天，妈妈下班回到家后觉察房间很干净、干净。【解析】find+宾语+宾语补足语【注】find→found→foundv查找findsb.doingsth觉察某人做某事findit+adj.+todosth觉察做某事很……finditdifficult/hardtodosth觉察做某事很困难Shefound_it hardtofinishtheworkbyherself.她觉察自己很难完成这项工作。Sheaskedinsurprise.她吃惊地问道。【解析】insurprise惊异地；吃惊地surprisev使吃惊→surprisingadj.→surprisedadj.吃惊的toone’ssurprise使某人吃惊的是insurprise吃惊地besurprisedat对……感到吃惊Tomysurprise_(使我吃惊的是〕，hegotthefirstprizeintheexam.“I’msosorry,Mom.Ifinishunderstandthatweneedtosharethehouseworktohaveacleanandcomfortablehome.”Ireplied.“”我答复说。【解析1】need v需要用于确定句，是实义动词。人做主语，sb.needtodosth某人需要做某事物做主语，sthneeddoingsth=sthneedtobedone①Studentsneed tohave_(have)agoodrestinstudying.②Thewatchneeds mending (mend).手表需要修。用于否认句或疑问句，是情态动词(1)needn’t=don’thaveto没有必要(2)need,must引导的一般疑问句，确定会的用must,needn’t—MustIgotherenow? —Yes，youmust/No,youneedn’t【解析2】share共享；共用 sharesth共享或共用某物 sharesthwithsb.与某人共享某物(Allhisfriends Shared hishappinesswhenhewonthematch.CouldIhangoutwithmyfriendsafterthemovie?看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？【解析】hangout闲逛hangup把 悬挂/挂起Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?你能把盐递给我吗？【解析】pass ⑴v给；递；走过；通过 passsb.sth把某物递给某Passon传递Pleasepassthepaperontotheotherstudents.vIpassyourhome.⑶v通过〔考试〕；及格Tomcanpasshismathexam.CouldIborrowthatbook?我能借下你那本书看吗、Couldyoulendmesomemoney?你能借我一些钱吗？【解析】borrow/lend/keepborrow借入,from连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】borrowsthfromsb.Youcanborrowthebookfromthelibrary.(2)lend借出,to搭配【指借出去】lendsbsth=lendsthtosbHedoesn’twanttolendhisbooktoothers.keep保存，保存〔连续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用〕【指借一段时间】【记】Iwantto_borrow abikefrommyfriendbuthedidn’t_lend ittome,becauseTomhad_kept itfortwodays.IcutmyfingerandI’mtryingnottogetitwet.我的手指割伤了，伤口不能弄湿。【解析】try(not)todosth努力〔不〕做某事。try v试图，设法，努力(1)tryon试穿trytodosth努力做某事【侧重尽力做】trydoingsthtryone’sbesttodosth=doone’sbesttodosth尽某人最大努力做某事Ihatetodochores.我厌烦做家务。hatetodosth厌烦做某事,Ihatetotroublehim.我厌烦麻烦他hatedoingsthShehatessmokinginherroom.她厌烦在房间里抽烟。CouldIaskyoutohelpmewithsomechoresthen?那我能恳求你帮我做些杂活吗？【解析】asksb.todosth要求某人做某事。askfor恳求，要某物asksb.aboutsth向某人询问关于某事asksb.forhelp向某人恳求帮助asksb.(not)todosth恳求某人做某事ask构成的短语：asksb.todosth请某人做某事asksb.nottodosth不让某人做某事asksbforsth 向某人要某物askforhelp 寻求帮助I’llfinishmyhomeworkwhileyouhelpmewiththedishes.将完成我的家庭作业。1】finishdoingsth完成某事—Canyoufinish_reading thesebooksbefore10o’clock?你能在十点前读完这些书吗？—Yes,Ican.2】whileconj.“在……期间；当……的时候”While引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是连续动词。_While thechildrenhavefun,parentscantakedancelessonsonthebeach.当孩子们玩得快活时，父母可以在海滩上上舞蹈课。3】helpsb.withsth.在某事上帮助某人。【注】helpvhelpfuladj.有帮助的(1)helpsb.dosth.=helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事(2)withthehelpof sb.=withone’shelp在某人的帮助之下(3)withoutthehelpof没有在…的帮助之下①Ithinkreadingisvery helpful (help).② Without yourhelp,wecouldn’tcatchthethief.抓住小偷。CouldIinvitemyfriendstoaparty?我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗？【解析】invitesb.toSp.邀请某人去某地【解析】invite v→invitation n邀请invitesb.todosth邀请某人做某事invitesb.to+21.Idon’tunderstandwhysomeparentsmaketheirkidshelpwithhouseworkandchoresathome.我不理解为什么有些父母在家让孩子们帮助做家务和杂务。【解析】makesb.dosth让某人做某事make→made→madev.做，制作，使得makesb/sth+形容词“让某人或某物…” makeyouhappymakesb/sthdosth使某人做某事 makemelaugh.Colorscanchangeourmoodsandmakeus_feel happyorsad,energeticorsleep. 颜色可以转变我们的心情，使我们感到快活或哀痛，精力充分或睡眠。22.Theydon’thavetimetostudyanddohousework，too.他们也没有时间来学习家务和做家务。【解析】havetimetodosth.有时间做某事havetime=befree有空Houseworkisawasteoftheirtime.做家务是在铺张他们的时间。【解析】awasteof铺张 awasteoftime铺张时间 awasteofmoney铺张金钱waste v铺张”wastetime/moneyonsthwastetime/money(in)doingsth在做某事上花费时间/金钱Don’t_waste_water.Can’tyouseethesign“savewater”?“节约用水”的牌子吗？Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertogetgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity.为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应当把时间用在学习上。【解析1】spend...on sth在某事上花费......spend/pay/cost/take花费spend→spent→spentv花费,主语是人sb.+spend+时间/钱+onsth ◆sb.+spend+时间/钱+〔in〕doingsthspendon=payfor支付Hespendstoomuchtimeonthecomputergames.他花太多时间在电脑玩耍上。Remembertospendsometime_with_yourlovedones,becausethey’renotgoingtobearoundforever.记得花些时间和你所爱的人在一起，由于他们不会永久在你身边。Myfather_spent_onehundredthousandyuanonhisnewcar.我父亲花了十万元买他的车pay→paid→paidv支付，主语是人sb.+pay+钱+forsth Ipay10yuanforthebook.—Howmuchdidyoupayforthiscomputer?你花了多少钱买这台电脑—Fivehundreddollars.cost→cost→cost v花费，主语是某物或某事sthcostsb.+钱某物花费某人多少钱Anewcomputercostsmealotofmoney.Iboughtanewsweaterlastweekend.It cost_me120yuan.上周末我买了一件毛120元take→took→takenv花费Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多长时间Ittakeshim3hourstodohishomework.3个小时做作业。【解析2】inorderto“目的是；为了” 后接动词原形。inordertodosth为了做某事Heranquicklyinordernot tobe lateforthemeeting.他跑得很快，为了不迟到。3】getinto=enter进入【拓展】与get相关的短语：getup起床getback返回getover抑制getdressed穿衣getinto进入 get/belost丧失getoff/on下/上车getonwellwithsb.与某人相处得好getoutof从…出来getwarm变暧getreadyfor+n.为…做预备 getreadytodosth.预备做某事getwell康复getachance有时机、得到时机get/gotosleep(fallasleep)入睡 相关：(beasleep睡着)Also,whentheygetolder,theywillhavetodohousrworksothere’snoneedforthemtodoitnow.而且，当他们长大的时候，他们也将会做家务，因此，他们没必要现在在做。【解析】getolder长大get/become/go辨析：get+adjThedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.天变得越来越长become强调变化的结果It”sbecomingcolderandcolder.天气变得越来越冷。⑶go+adj.””表示令人不快的事情gobad变坏，goblind变瞎，gohungry挨饿Itistheparents’jobtoprovideacleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.在家为孩子们供给一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的义务。【解析】providesth.forsb.为某人供给某物providev供给providesb.withsth.(sb前介词用for)=providesthforsb.(sth前需加介词with)供给某人某物相当于：vide为应急等做好预备而“供给；供给”providesb.withsth.=providesthforsb.供给某人某物offersthtosb.offertodosth主动提出干某事supply 定期“供给”,Supplysb.withsth=supplysth.tosb.为某人供给某物①TheInternetprovidesus_with alotof_information 很多我们需要的信息。②—Couldyoupleaseprovideus_with someinformationaboutthestudents’health? —Ofcourse,it’smypleasure.你能为我们供给一些关于学生的安康信息？固然，这是我的荣幸。Andanyway,Ithinkdoingchoresisnotsodifficult. 无论如何，我认为做家务并不那么难。【解析】anyway无论如何, (一般放在句首，用逗号和句子隔开〕Ithinkitisimportantforchildrentolearnhowtodochoresandhelptheirparentswithhousework.我认为对孩子们来说，学习如何做杂务并帮助他们的父母做家务是很重要的。【解析】Itisimportantforsb.todosth.对某人来说做某事是重要的Childrenthesedaysdependontheirparentstoomuch.现在的孩子太依靠他们的父母。【解析】dependon依靠；信任——Shallwegoforapicnictomorrow? ——Well,itall dependson theweather....Everyoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.每个人都有责任保持家里的干净和干净。【解析1】doone’spart尽职责；尽本分 Doone’spartindoingsth在做某事上尽职责【解析2】keep+sth/sb.+adj. “使 处于某种状态”Hermotheraskedhertokeepthewindows open andthedoor closed 她妈妈叫她把窗户翻开，关上了门keep 系动词“保持”keep+adj.Wemustkeephealthy.实义动词“保持；连续”keep(on)doingsth连续做某事HewasingreatpainbuthekeptonworkingHekepton talking aftertheballrangforclass.他不停地球响下课后说。keepsb.Doingsth让某人始终做某事I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.Myteacherkeptme doing homeworkalltheafternoon.对不起，让您久等了。我的教师让我整个下午做作业。Doingchoreshelpstodevelopchildren’sindependenceandteachesthemhowtolookafterthemselves. 做杂务不仅可以培育孩子们的独立性还可以教他们如何照看自己。【解析】developindependenc