中国文化概况(修订版)Chapter-5

1AGLIMPSEOFCHINESECULTURE中国文化概况2Chapter5Science&Technology3学习目标了解中国古代科技成果；了解中国现代科技成果；

能够用英语介绍中国科技成果。41Lead-inActivity2ChineseScienceandTechnology3

Discussion&PresentationOverview5Lead-inActivityDiscussAmongallthescientificandtechnologicalachievements,whatdoyouthinkisthemostessentialforyouandwhy?Doyouthinkthatmoderntechnologyisadouble-edgedsword,benefitinganddamagingourlivesatthesametime?61Lead-inActivity2ChineseScienceandTechnology3

Discussion&PresentationOverview71AncientScienceandTechnologyChineseScienceandTechnology2ModernScientificandTechnologicalAchievements8AncientScienceandTechnology

FourGreatInventionsTraditionalChineseMedicineOtherImpressiveAncientInventions9FourGreatInventionsDoyouknowwhatarethefourgreatinventionsofChina?compassprintinggunpowderpaper-making10FourGreatInventionsCompassshowsgeographicdirectionsusetheearth’smagneticfieldenablesinternationaltradeandexplorationdenoteseightmaindirectionshelpfulfortheexplorationsofZhengHe,ChristopherColumbus,etc.11FourGreatInventionsCompassVehicleequippedwithgearwheelsandawoodenfigurealwayspointssouthanearlierandmoreprimitiveformofcompass12FourGreatInventionsGunpowderinventedbyalchemistsseekingtheelixirofimmortalitymilitaryapplicationsbeganintheTangdynastyintroducedtotheArabworldandEuropeintheYuandynastybroughtaseriesofrevolutionstoweaponmanufacturing13FourGreatInventionsPaper-makinginventedbyCaiLunusingcheapmaterialssuchasbark,hemp,rags,andothermaterialsintroducedtotheworld,contributingthedisseminationofknowledge14FourGreatInventionsPrintingknownas“motherofcivilization”includesblockprintingandmovabletypeprintingblockprintingistime-consumingandtheblocksbecomeuselessaftertheprintingmovabletypeprintingismoreconvenientwiththepiecesbeingdurableandreusable15AncientScienceandTechnologyFourGreatInventions

TraditionalChineseMedicineOtherImpressiveAncientInventions16TraditionalChineseMedicineWatchthe&DiscussIstraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)welcomedintheUSandwhy?17TraditionalChineseMedicineOutline

hasalonghistoryandstillpopulartodaydifferentfromWesternmedicineinitsmeansofdiagnosisandtreatment,anditscompositionofdrugsandprescriptionsaholisticapproachistakenfordiagnosis,diet,age,habits,emotions,lifestyleandlivingenvironmentsarealltakenintoconsiderationbasedontheideathatthecauseofsicknessisanimbalanceandblockageoftheflowofqiemphasizesonpreventingillnessthefourmethodsofdiagnosisincludeobservation,auscultationandolfaction,interrogation,andpalpation18TraditionalChineseMedicineCanyoumatchthemedicalexpertswiththerightdescriptions?BianQueHuaTuoZhangZhongjingtheauthorofOnDiseases(《伤寒杂病论》)______________theauthorofCompendiumofMeteriaMedica(《本草纲目》)_________theinventorofthefourmethodsofdiagnosis:observation,auscultationandolfaction,interrogation,andpalpation/theearliestknownChinesephysician_________theinventorofthe“Five-AnimalExercises(五禽戏)”________BianQueHuaTuoLiShizhenZhangZhongjingLiShizhen19AncientScienceandTechnology

FourGreatInventionsTraditionalChineseMedicine

OtherImpressiveAncientInventions20OtherImpressiveAncientInventionsprobablyfirstmadebystuffinggunpowderintobamboostickstheexplosionscanscareoffevilspiritsandghosts

settingofffireworksonholidaysisstillpopularFireworks21OtherImpressiveAncientInventionsfirstdevelopedinancientChinafirstfoundasearlyas3,500BCoriginallyreservedfortheemperorsandnobleslaterspreadtootherpartsoftheworldSilk22OtherImpressiveAncientInventionsmadegenerallyfromclayheatedatahighdegreethefirstglazingcolorisbluePorcelainanearlyformofcalculatoraframewithrowsofbeadsaroundtherodsusedforfourfundamentaloperationsofarithmeticAbacus23OtherImpressiveAncientInventionsinventedbyZhangHengusedtoindicatethedirectionofadistantearthquakeasimilarinstrumentinventedinEuropeover1,700yearslaterSeismograph24OtherImpressiveAncientInventionsusedforsurgicaloperationsexampledby“toxicwine”inventedbyBianQueandmafeisaninventedbyHuaTuoAnaethetic25OtherImpressiveAncientInventionsapopularboardgameoriginatesinChinaplayedonasquarewoodenboardof361intersectionsthepersonwhohasthemostpieceswalledinwillbedeclaredasthewinnerWeiqi261AncientScienceandTechnologyChineseScienceandTechnology2ModernScientificandTechnologicalAchievements27ModernScientificandTechnologicalAchievementsAtomicEnergy1958heraldsChina’sentryintotheatomicageChinabeingoneofthefewcountriesintheworldthathavethetechnologyofexploringatomicenergy28ModernScientificandTechnologicalAchievementsNuclearandHydrogenBombs1964,China’sfirstnuclearbombwasexplodedChinabeingthe5thcountrywithatomicweaponaftertheUS,theformerSovietUnion,Britain,andFranceChina’sfirsthydrogenbombwasexplodedin196729ModernScientificandTechnologicalAchievementsOilProductionDaqingOilField,whichwasdiscoveredin1959,enabledChinatobeoneofthemajoroil-producingcountries30ModernScientificandTechnologicalAchievementsSynthesisedCrrystallineBovineInsulincrystallinebovineinsulinwassynthesisedin1965enablesChinatobetheworldleaderintheresearchfield31ModernScientificandTechnologicalAchievementsFirstMan-madeSatelliteChina’sspaceresearchstartedinthemid-1950sChina’sfirstman-madesatelliteDongfanghong-1launchedin197032ModernScientificandTechnologicalAchievementsBreakthroughinGoldbach’sConjectureChenJingrunsolvedtheconjecturein1978thetheoryhadremainedunsolvedforover200years

alsoreferredtoasChen’sTheorem33ModernScientificandTechnologicalAchievementsResearchonRNASemi-Molecule(核糖核酸半分子)anRNAsemi-moleculecomposedof41nucleotidessynthesisedin1979ofgreatsignificanceinresearchintogeneticengineering,virusesandtumours34ModernScientificandTechnologicalAchievementsFive-StokeCodeComputerInputMethod(五笔字型汉字输入)withthemethod,Chinesecharacterscouldbeinputatthespeedof100characterspersecondmarkedChinesecharactersenteringtheinformationage35ModernScientificandTechnologicalAchievementsGreatWallScientificInspectionStationattheSouthPoletheresearchinSouthPolewasstartedin1984withthesailingofXiangyanghong-10

ChinaSouthPoleGreatWallStation,Chinese’sfirstscientificsurveystation,wasbuiltin198536ModernScientificandTechnologicalAchievementsNuclearPowerStationsinChinaexampledbyQinshanNuclearStationandDayawanNuclearStationthesetwoarepressurisedwaterreactors37ModernScientificandTechnologicalAchievementsYuanLongpingandHybridRicerevolutionizedricecultivationinChinaestablishedChina’sworldleadingpositioninhybridriceresearch38ModernScientificandTechnologicalAchievementsChina’sMannedSpaceProgramWatchthevideoandanswerthequestion:whatarethethreephasesofChina’smannedspaceprogram?39ModernScientificandTechnologicalAchievementsChang’e-3LunarLanderandItsYutuLunarRoverChang’e-3lunarlanderlandedonthemoonin2013hailedasamilestoneinthedevelopmentofChina’sspaceprogrammes40ModernScientificandTechnologicalAchievementsSomeotherMajorAchievementsResearch,developmentandapplicationofsuper-conductivityPositiveandnegativeelectroncollider(正负电子对撞机)2.16-meteropticalcelestialtelescope

Tianhe-2Supercomputer411Lead-inActivity2ChineseScienceandTechnology3

Discussion&PresentationOverview42DiscussionTraditionalChineseMedicineWesternMedicineapproachi