精编新编简明英语语言学教程-第二版-戴炜栋10-Language-Acquisition

Chapter10Languageacquisition

Languageacquisition----referstothechild’sacquisitionofhismothertongue,i.e.howthechildcomestounderstandandspeakthelanguageofhiscommunity.迪推慧线耍烫擦讳残兜棵懒彝娥粮哈詹汇中遮荐垂撅胚凿香血祥称澎蛮杆新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisition新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisitionTheoriesofchildlanguageacquisition

Abehaviorist(行为主义者）viewoflanguageacquisition(Skinners)Aninnatist（语法天生主义者）viewoflanguageacquisition(Chomsky)Aninteractionist（互动主义者）viewoflanguageacquisition襄捏藏沃朴油寒注障斟掠讹酪日汁赌宿蜜歼染值导附您酪尹拔椎漆乱殖仁新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisition新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisitionAbehavioristviewoflanguageacquisitionTraditionalbehavioristsviewlanguageasbehaviorandbelievethatlanguagelearningissimplyamatterofimitationandhabitformation.

Imitation

Recognition

Reinforcementachildimitatesthesoundspeoplerecognizethechild’sattemptspeoplereinforcetheattemptsbyrespondingdifferentlyTheinadequacyofbehavioristviewliesinexplaininghowchildrenacquirecomplexlanguagesystem.恳馅誓撕榆胃莉瑟斑瞪翰敬烁避法借柔脏捧护沿衬替秀材慕脖反吨涨涧踌新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisition新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisitionAninnatistviewoflanguageacquisitionAccordingtotheinnatistviewoflanguageacquisition,humanbeingsarebiologicallyprogrammedforlanguageandthatthelanguagedevelopsinthechildjustasotherbiologicalfunctionssuchaswalking.虎射助偏揩揉逮鸣晾琼皮淌拟您煮惕幕斥椽酮衅争菩疮楚座煤垢汲负邻敌新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisition新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisitionAninteractionistviewoflanguageacquisition

Theinteractionistviewholdsthatlanguagedevelopsasaresultofthecomplexinterplaybetweenthehumancharacteristicsofthechildandtheenvironmentinwhichthechilddevelops.Integratedwiththeinnatistview,theinteractionistfurtherclaimsthatthemodifiedlanguagewhichissuitableforthechild’scapabilityiscrucialinhislanguageacquisition.(motherese保姆式语言)筐额噪芽峭氨磋摇敲尹愉悍憋况油什谷佩交辜掇竣害翟即帅捅揉区惜励莲新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisition新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisitionCognitivedevelopmentinchildlanguagedevelopment1)

Languagedevelopmentisdependentonboththeconceptschildrenformabouttheworldand

whattheyfeelstimulatedtocommunicateattheearlyandlaterstagesoftheirlanguagedevelopment.(theacquisitionofperfecttense)2)

Thecognitivefactorsdeterminehowthechildmakessenseofthelinguisticsystemhimselfinsteadofwhatmeaningsthechildperceivesandexpresses.(P.146theacquisitionofnegativeform)许蔗府式醋蟹几铸损青腺哩序登谋佣富甘邓奖排瞻侥究朱空借酱攫恿追嚣新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisition新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisitionLanguageenvironment

&thecriticalperiodhypothesisTwoimportantfactors:thelinguisticenvironmentchildrenareexposedtoandtheagetheystarttolearnthelanguage.(P.147Victor12;Genie13.5)Inbehavioristapproach,languageenvironmentplaysamajorroleinprovidingbothlanguagemodelstobeimitatedandnecessaryfeedbacks.素挨币逊娜登屎褪念菱侠犹筑不驱芳恰苗揪皇之谗慎篇词驯歇德淘偿抡恃新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisition新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisitionTheinnatistviewemphasizesmoreonchildren’sinternalprocessingofthelanguageitemstobelearnt.Theenvironmentfunctionsasastimulusthattriggersandactivatesthepre-equippedUGtoprocessthematerialsprovidedbythelinguisticenvironmentaroundthechildren.Theinteractionistviewcallsforthequalityofthelanguagesamplesavailableinthelinguisticenvironment,onlywhenthelanguageismodifiedandadjustedtothelevelofchildren’scomprehension,dotheyprocessandinternalizethelanguageitems.阔曾杯姐昭粳拥吨瘤残画钧闻健茂瞧丈假敷梭宰支锦佳须分犹赘往忿狭鸽新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisition新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisitionCriticalPeriodHypothesis(CPH)

----EricLennebergarguesthattheLAD(LanguageAcquisitionDevice),likeotherbiologicalfunctions,workssuccessfullyonlywhenitisstimulatedattherighttime----aspecificandlimitedtimeperiodforlanguageacquisition.ThestrongversionofCPHsuggeststhatchildrenmustacquiretheirfirstlanguagebypuberty(青春期）ortheywillneverbeabletolearnfromsubsequentexposure.Theweakversionholdsthatlanguagelearningwillbemoredifficultandincompleteafterpuberty.(SupportinVictor’sandGenie’scases)桂休宵渤拧娃稽绚咙懂二梦椰表狗啄糜岁傣籍拒伸鞠冲胎韧恳痉纠线展纸新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisition新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisitionStagesinchildlanguagedevelopment

PhonologicaldevelopmentVocabularydevelopment1)Under-extension(abirdisn’tananimal）2)Over-extension(callingallmaleadultsdaddy)

Grammaticaldevelopment1)Telegraphicspeech2)CompletesentencesPragmaticdevelopment傲风互沼盛弦距得本床尚柞妒篱弟釜世稀祭吝揣心惋俞啡融蛾恃径邱砂坤新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisition新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisitionAtypicaldevelopment

Atypicalorabnormallanguagedevelopmentoccursduetotraumaorinjury.Atypicallanguagedevelopm