2021届高考英语词汇延伸与阅读练习（三十）

2021届高考英语词汇延伸与阅读练习（三十）

1.special/tpej/

a.特另!J/殊的；专门的，特设的；n.特别的人物；特色菜；特价品

拓展

speciallyad.特别地;专门地

especially特别,尤其

specialityn.专业/长；特性

specialtyn.专业/长；特性/产；招牌菜

specialistn.专家；专门医师

specialize/specialisevt.使专门化

specializein专攻,专门研究

例句

Thereissomethingspecialaboutthisplace.

这个地方有几分特别。

串记

Thespecialtythatthespecialistrecommendedinthisrestaurantis

special,especiallytotheyouth.

专家推荐这家餐厅的特色菜很特别，尤其是对年轻人来说。

2.speed/spi:d/

n.速度；v.（sped,sped;・ed,・ed）（使）加速；超速行驶；快速运送；加快,

促进

拓展

atfullspeed全速

ataspeedof以...速度

speedup力口速

withgreatspeed全速地

例句

①Aslifepacecontinuestospeedup,wearequicklylosingtheartofenjoyment.

随着生活节奏的不断加速，我们正在飞快地失去享受的技能。

②Hefinishedtheworkwithamazingspeed.

他以惊人的速度完成了这项工作。

串记

Driverscanonlydriveataspeedof60kmperhour.Iftheyarecaughtspeeding,

theywillbefined.

司机只能以每小时60公里的速度开车。如果他们超速被抓，他们将被罚款。

3.spend/spend/（spent,spent）

v.度过，消磨；花费（钱、时间等）

拓展

spendtime（in）doing花时间做...

spendmoney（time）onsth.花钱（时间）在...上

spendsthforsth/v-ing为…花费…

bespentup把钱花光

例句

Itisnotwisetospendtoomuchtimeplayingwithsmartphones.

花太多时间玩智能手机是不明智的。

串记

Mostofherlifewasspentincaringforothers.

她大半辈子的时间都用来照顾别人了。

4.spirit/bpr4/

n.精神；灵魂；（复）情绪，心情；烈酒

拓展

inhighspirits情绪高涨，精力充沛

inlowspirits情绪低落

loseone'sspirits垂头丧气，沮丧

keepupone's叩irits振作精神

raisesb's叩irits提高某人的士气〔情绪）

teamspirit团队精神；合作精神

spirituala.精神的，心灵的

例句

Youmusttryandkeepyourspiritsup.

你必须设法保持高昂的情绪。

串记

Thesenseofteamspiritisimportantinthedevelopment.Ifsomeoneisinlow

spirits,itwillhaveabadeffectontheteam.

团队精神在发展中是很重要的。如果有人情绪低落，就会对团队产生不好的

影响。

5.spot/spr)t/

n.点，斑/污点；瑕疵；场所，地点；v.沾上污渍，弄脏；发现，认出

拓展

(l)onthespot在现场；当场

inaspot处于困境

(2)bespottedwith满是...斑点

spotlessa.无污点/瑕疵的(同perfect/flawless)

例句

①Luckily,therewasadoctoronthespotwhentheaccidenthappened.

幸运的是，事发时现场有一位医生。

②Thisistheveryspotwherewelastmet.

这就是我们上次见面的地方。

串记

Thecrimespotwascoveredwithspots,butthepolicesoonspotted

somethinguseful.

案发现场全是污渍，但警察还是很快就发现了有用的线索。

点津

spot用作先行词时，其后的定语从句通常用where来引导。

课后练习

CynthiaMosshasbeenstudyingelephantssince1972,whenshestartedthe

now-famousAmboseliElephantResearchProjectinAmboseliNationalParkin

Kenya.Anauthor,lecturer,filmmaker,andafierceadvocateforelephants一whichface

lotsofthreatstotheirsurvival,fromdroughtstohumanencroachment（侵略）一Moss

iswidelyconsideredanexpertonthesocialbehaviorofthesecreatures.Akeyfinding

fromherstudiesishowmuchelephantsurvivaldependsonlearnedbehavior.

AsMosshasobserved,forexample,ababyelephantmustlearnhowtouseits

trunk.Atfirstayoungelephantwilldrinkbykneelingdownatthewater9sedgeand

drinkingdirectlywithitsmouth.Thehabitofpullingwaterintoitstrunkfollowedby

releasingthatwaterintoitsmouthdevelopsonlyaftermonthsofwitnessingother

elephantsdoingso.

Onoccasion,Mosswillseeababyelephantstickitstrunkintothemouthofits

motherandpulloutabitofwhateverplantmaterialsheiseating.Inthisway,thebaby

elephantleamswhatkindsofvegetationaresafetoeatonthesavanna,where

poisonousplantsalsogrow.

Elephantsliveinfamilygroups,eachoneheadedbyamatriarch（母象）.This

seniorfemaleteachesadolescentfemalesbymodelingpropercareofyounger

elephants.OneofMoss'smostmemorableobservationsinthisregardinvolvedthree

elephants.Thesewereamatriarch,Echo,andtwooffspring:Enid,aten-year-old

female,andEly,ababyelephant.Elywasbornwithdeformed（畸形的）feetthat

initiallypreventedhimfromwalking.EchoshowedEnidhowtocareforElyby

stayingclosetohimwhenhewasfeedingandsleepingandbyrunningtohisaidwhen

hesignaledhissuffering.Elynotonlyovercamehisearlylimitations,buthealsogrew

uptobeaconfidentyoungelephant.

Mosshasbroughtinterestingstoriesandinformationaboutelephantstoan

ever-expandingaudience.Shehopesotherswillinturnbecomeadvocatesforthe

animalssheadmiresandunderstandsinwaysfewothersdo.

LAsanadvocateforelephants,whatisCynthiaMossbestat?

A.Understandingelephants9socialbehavior.

B.Savingandcuringdisabledelephants.

C.Gettingalongwithbabyelephants.

D.Feedingandraisingelephants.

2.Whichofthefollowingisababyelephanfsinbornability?

A.Usingitstrunktodrink.

B.Pullingwaterintoitstrunk.

C.Lookingfbrfooditcaneatsafely.

D.Pullingoutfoodfromitsmother'smouth.

3.WhathadElyexperiencedaccordingtoMoss'sobservations?

A.Henarrowlyescapedbeingkilled.

B.Hegotalotofhelpfromhisfamily.

C.Helivedonhisownforalongtime.

D.Hehaddifficultyineatingandsleeping.

4.Mossprobablyhopesmoreandmore.

A.peoplecanstudyelephants

B.wildelephantscanbefound

C.peoplecanprotectelephants

D.disabledelephantscansurvive

本文是记叙文。文章介绍了研究大象行为的专家CynthiaMosso

1.A细节理解题。由第一段中的“anexpertonthesocialbehaviorofthese

creatures.Akeyfindingfromherstudiesishowmuchelephantsurvivaldependson