第二版新世纪大学英语综合教程3课后习题答案(下)

UnitFiveHealthEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinAction▆WorkingwithWordsandExpressionsIntheboxesbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:familiarizeprejudiceappealingacceleratedthreatsmonitorisolateguaranteeinfectedignorancewas…equippedprocessedsponsorresumeissuedcontractedIntheboxesbelowaresomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:takeadvantageofbycontrastmakeroomforbring…toanendat…besthaveattributed…toatrisksetaside▆IncreasingYourWordPowerCrossouttheverbthatCANNOTgotogetherwiththetargetwordorexpressioninthecircle.▇Answers:Thewordtobecrossedouta.processb.fulfila.operated.subtractc.accelerated.contractc.coordinateb.exerciseStudytheprefix“self-”,andputdowntheChinesemeaningaftereachgivenword.▇Answers:self-centreda.自我中心的，自私的self-consciousa.(过于在乎别人的看法等而)忸怩的；自觉的self-confidenta.自信的self-evidenta.显而易见的self-disciplinen.自律，自我约束self-esteemn.自尊(心)，自信self-imagen.自我形象self-pityn.自怜NowtranslatetheChinesegiveninbracketsintoEnglishwithwordsfromtheabovelist.▇Answers:feelveryself-consciousabouttheirappearanceneedplentyofself-disciplinetofightagainstlazinesscouldn’thelpadmiringtheself-confidentwaybecomingevermoreself-centredmayseemself-evidentburying/indulgingthemselvesinself-pityablowtohisself-esteemhaveapoorself-imageGrammarinContextObservethefollowingsentencesfrombothTextAandTextB,payingspecialattentiontotheanticipatory(先行词)“it”.Thendothefollowingtwotasks.Task1:Examineeachofthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherealobjectorsubjectthatisreplacedbyit.▇Answersforreference:toreachanagreementinsuchadelicatesituationthewayhekeepschanginghismindthatperhapshewaslyingtobeaskedtospeakherebuyingsomuchfoodwhenthechildrenareallawayTask2:Completethefollowingsentences,usingitasananticipatory.▇Answersforreference:ItisdisappointingUnitSixHappinessEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinAction▆WorkingwithWordsandExpressionsIntheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:informenviousattractivesnatchedissoaringinterpretwassubstitutedspiritualtrivialtemporaryscalescultivateextravagantpurchaseIntheboxbelowaresomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouunderstandtheirmeanings?Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:workouthaveaclearconscienceotherthanfactoflifeOnthecontrarycriedoverdropbyshowofflookeddownoncrossed,offworeouthasagreatdealtodowith▆IncreasingYourWordPowerFindtheprepositionfromColumnBthatbestmatcheseachadjectiveinColumnA,payingattentiontothe“be+adj.+prep.”collocation.Someoftheprepositionscanbeusedmorethanonce.▆Answers:offrom/ofwithforon/upononwithofinofNowfillineachblankinthefollowingsentenceswithapropercollocationyou’vejustformed.Theverb“be”hasalreadybeenfilledinforyou.▆Answers:enviousofintentupon/onrichinkeenonfreefrom/offearfulofhonestwithhungryforremindfulofoverwhelmedwithThesuffixes-ee,-eer,-eseand-essareusedtoformnouns.Studytheboxbelowandformwordsbyadding-ee,-eer,-eseand-esstothewordsgiven.▆Answers:actressmountaineerprofiteerrefugeeVietnamesetraineeaddresseeNowcompleteeachofthefollowingsentenceswithaproperwordyouhavejustformed,usingthepluralformwherenecessary.▆Answers:addresseemountaineeractresstraineesVietnameserefugeesprofiteerGrammarinContextNowcombineeachpairofsentencesintoonebyusingoneofthethreephrasesmentionedabove.▆Answersforreference:Judgingfromheraccent,sheiseitherRussianorPolish.Eitherhecouldnotcomehereorhedidnotwantto.Ineitherknewnorcaredaboutwhathappenedtohim.IcannotfindoutwhattheweatherwillbeliketomorrowbecausethereisneitherTVnorradiointhehouse.ShecanbothspeakandwriteSpanish.Theresultsoftheresearcharebothimpressiveandalarming.NowtranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingexpressionsofcomparison.▆Answersforreference:IfonlyIcoulddohalfaswellasyou(havedone)!Thepresshaspublishedtwiceasmanybooksasitdidlastyear.Sendinggiftstoyourkidsisnotthesameasgivingthemyourcompanionship.Sincetheconstructionofthesubwayswascompleted,thepopulationofthesuburbshasgrowntwiceaslargeasthatofthecityproper.Anincreaseinincomeisfar/muchlessimportantthanaharmoniousrelationshipamongfamilymembers,friendsandneighbors.ClozeCompletethefollowingpassagewithwordschosenfromthisunit.Theinitialletterofeachisgiven.▆Answers:terminallypurchasingotherthaneverheld/hadwastakenwithfactoflifesubstitutetendernesscrossedoffdevotingrailingagainstcultivatefilledwithTranslationTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsandexpressionsgiveninbrackets.▆Answersforreference:Weshouldbehonestwithourselvesandneverbecomefoggedupbygreedandcryoverwhatwehavefailedtoobtain.Itisafactoflifethathappinessbroughtaboutbymaterialthingssuchaspropertyandmoneyistemporary.Forthousandsofyearsphilosophershavetakenpainstointerpretthemeaningofhappinessfromtheirownperspectives.Ifyousubstitutematerialthingsforloveorahug,youwillnotgethappiness,becausespiritualhappinesshaslittletodowithmaterialwealth.Afterhelearnedthathewasterminallyill,heinformedhisfamilythathehadnothing/nopropertytoleavethemotherthanthehousehewaslivingin.Theywerewornoutafteralongday’sworkinthefields.Soseeingthesundipbelowthehorizon,theycouldn’twaittogobackhome.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish,usingthewordsandexpressionsintheboxbelow.▆Answersforreference:Nowadays,themediaandcommercialsrepeatoverandoveragainthesignificanceofthematerialsideoflife,sothatwehavebeenallbrainwashedintobelievingthathappinesscanbepurchased.Weshowofftopeoplearoundusanewpieceofproperty,andtakepainstokeepenrichingourbankaccounts.Wearehungryforlove,tryingtosubstitutematerialthingsforlove,gentlenessandtenderness.However,wehaveneverexperiencedmaximumhappiness.Wearealwaysenviousofthosewhohavemoremoneyandpower.Asamatteroffact,wehaveputourvaluesinthewrongthingsandfailedtotell/distinguishmaterialhappinessfromspiritualhappiness.Moneyisincrediblyimportant,butotherthanit,weshouldalsohavegoodfriends,aharmoniousfamily,astrongbodyandaworthygoal.Itisthesethingsthat(will)bringuslastinghappiness.Theme-RelatedWritingDoeitheroneofthefollowingtwotasksafterclass.1.Writeanessayentitled“ManDoesNotLivebyBreadAlone”.Youcanrefertothefollowingoutline:1)Materialthingsareimportantforman’sexistence.2)Manalsoseeksspiritualsatisfaction.3)Yourconclusion.2.Whenwetalkabouthappiness,weusuallyrefertoaspecificmomentwhenwefeelthatweareveryhappy.Writeashortpassageaboutoneofyourhappiestexperiencesatcollege.▆SampleEssayOne:ManDoesNotLivebyBreadAloneNoonewoulddoubtthetruththatman’sexistencereliesessentiallyonmaterialthings.Weneedthemtogetfed,clothedandsheltered.Oncewearelivingnearthebreadline,we’llfeelfrustratedandmiserable.However,ourcontentmentdoesnotmerelylieinmaterialthings.Thisisespeciallythecaseinmoderntimes.Thefast-developingeconomyhasnoticeablyimprovedourlivesandfulfilledmostofourmaterialneeds.Thentherecomestheneedofspiritualsatisfaction,whichisderivedfromgoodhealth,closefriends,alovingspouse,well-raisedchildren,ahomebuiltonlove,aclearconscience,aworthygoalandanenjoyablejob.Whilematerialthingsmaylosetheircharmovertime,spiritualsatisfactionwillbringuslastinghappiness.Therefore,toliveahappylife,weshouldfocusmoreonthosethingsthatmeetourspiritualdemands.Afterall,whenourneedforbreadismet,happinesswillnotcomeunlesswefeelspirituallysatisfied.(156words)▆SampleEssayTwo:IReallyMadeItIwillneverforgettheawfulfeelinginmyfirstOralEnglishclassatcollege.Itriedhardtolistentoeverywordtheteacherspoke,butwhatshewassayingmadenosensetome.Bitterly,IadmittedthatIwassopooratlisteningandspeakinginEnglish.Iweptseveraltimes,cursingmymiddleschoolforfailingtoprovideadequatelisteningandspeakingpractice.ButfinallyIcalmeddownbecausethefamiliarwordsranginmyears:Theremustbeawayout.IhadarathersolidfoundationofEnglishvocabularyandgrammar.Whatwasleftformetodowastoincreasemylisteninginputandspeakingoutput.ImadeitarulethateverymorningIwoulddoreadingaloudbythecampuslakefor40minutes,andeveryeveningIwouldstayinthelanguagelab,listeningtoEnglishforatleastanhour.Thenattheendofthesecondyearcamemyhappiestmoment:IgottheScholarshipforAcademicExcellence.Whenthepresidentgrantedmetheaward,Igrinnedfromeartoear,realizingwithpleasurethathappinessisgainedthroughhardwork.(197words)

UnitSevenEducationEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinActionWorkingwithWordsandExpressionsIntheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearntinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:associatespecializescombinedemphasissufficesphasepresidedpeculiarrearnegotiateindispensableillusionimplementedreconcileIntheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:stayoutoftryoutinstorelendthemselvestoinessenceinaccordancewithcryingoutforSeetoitthathavenobusinessgetoutoftothisendcallsforbroughtaboutaveragedout▆IncreasingYourWordPower1.Studythefollowingpairsofwordswhicharesimilarinmeaning.Reflectonthedifferencesinusagebetweenthewordsineachpairandfillineachblankwithanappropriateone.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:participatingenrollprovedcertifiedrevealexposedassumethinkhostpresidingshookshudderednegotiatingreconcilediversitydistinctionimaginationillusionschemeplan2.Theprefixesradio-andtele-areusedtoformnewwords,asisshowninthefollowingtable.Nowfillintheblanksinthefollowingsentencesusingthewordsintheabovetable.Changetheformswherenecessary.▆Answers:telescopestelecastTelemarketingradioactiveradiofrequencyteleplayteleconferenceGrammarinContextExaminethefollowingsentences,payingspecialattentiontothetwodifferentsentencepatternsintroducedrespectivelyby“so…that”and“such…that.”Nowrecastthefollowingsentencesusing“so…that”or“such…that”.▆Answersforreference:suchashyboysuchawell-writtenreportsuchalongtimesomanypeoplesofirmlyTheitalicisedsubordinators(从属连词)inthefollowingsentencesareincorrectlyused.Studythesentencescarefullyandputthecorrectonesinthebrackets.▆Answers:beforewhenuntilunlessasClozeCompletethefollowingpassagewithwordsandphraseschosenfromTextA.Theinitialletterofeachisgiven.▆Answers:TothisendinstoreindispensablecallsfordiversityimplementInaccordancewithemphasiscombiningindepthequipindependentaccessget…outofTranslation1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsandexpressionsgiveninbrackets.▆Answersforreference:Apositiveattitudetowardslifeisindispensableinthat/becauseitlaysthefoundationsforthesuccessesofone’sfutureworkandstudies.WestChinaiscryingoutfortalentedpeopleforitsdevelopment.Tothisend,thegovernmenthaslaiddown/madefavorablepolicies,callingformorecollegegraduatestogoandworkthere.Upon/Ongraduation,thepresidentwillpresentyouwiththediploma,whichcertifiesthatyouhavespecializedinbusinessadministrationandpassedalltheexamsyouarerequiredtotake.WebaddictsspendsomuchtimeontheInternetthattheyareunabletodrawadistinctionbetweenthevirtualworldandtherealworld.Auniversitywillseetoitthateverystudentisputintouchwithmankind’sspiritualresources,eveniftheyaremerelyfragmentsofthosegreatthinkers’mindsandexperience.Distancelearningisaglobaltrend.Withitsquickgrowth/development,peoplearegiven/canenjoyanequallyconvenientaccesstoeducationalresources,nomatterwheretheyare.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglishusingthewordsandexpressionsintheboxbelow.▆Answersforreference:Auniversity,inessence,providesstudentswithbothoccupationaltrainingandintellectualdevelopment.Thestudentsacquireprofessionalskillsinordertohavetheminimumqualificationstobecomespecialists,suchaspharmacists,engineers,techniciansandlawyers.Itmightbereasonabletobelievethatthoseskillssufficetoenablethemtogetagoodjob.Nevertheless,doesonefeelcontentwithmerelyagoodjob?Weknowthatmostyoungpeoplewhoenrollinuniversitieslongfornotonlyprofessionaltraining,butalsoqualityeducation;namely,theywanttolearnwhatthepastlearntforthemandgetintouchwiththemindsandexperienceofthemasterthinkersinordertobecomecivilizedpeople.Thosewhoareknowledgeableonlyintheirpeculiarfieldsmaybelabeled(as)“mechanizedsavages”,becauseoftheirincompetenceinunderstandingthethinkingandworksofotherfields,forexample,philosophy,literatureandthearts.Thus,theuniversityismostlikelytohelpyoungpeoplerealizetwodreamsaftertheygraduate:havingagoodjobwheretheiroccupationaltrainingwillbeeffective,andlivingameaningfullifeforwhichdiversityofknowledgeisrequired.Theme-RelatedWritingDoeitheroneofthefollowingtwotasksafterclass.Writeanessayentitled“TheSignificanceofLifelongEducation.”Thefollowingoutlinemaybeofsomehelp:Inthepast,acollegeeducationwasenoughtoensureawell-paid,much-respectedjobandasenseofachievement.Today,withtheincreasingcompetitioninour“knowledgesociety”,itisamusttorenewone’sknowledgeandupgradeone’sskills.What’smore,ageneralcollegeeducationservesonlyasapassporttolifetimeeducation.Theconceptoflifelongeducationfindsexpressionintheslogan“LiveandLearn.”“ShouldFamilySchoolingExist?”ThisquestionisraisedinanewsreportcarriedinanEnglishnewspaperinChina.Readthereportbelowandwriteashortessaytoexpressyourownviewsontheissue.▆Sampleessayfortask1:TheSignificanceofLifelongEducationDecadesago,duetothelowstandardoflivinginChina,onlyasmallpercentageofthenation’spopulationcouldreceivecollegeeducation.Oncegiventheopportunity,onewouldsurelysecureawell-paidandmuch-respectedjob,whichheorshewouldprobablydoforalifetime.Therefore,tosecureacollegedegreeusedtobetheultimategoalofaperson’seducation.Today,however,wearelivinginwhatiscalleda“knowledgesociety,”wherecreativeideasandinnovationsaregeneratedatafantasticspeed.Onemustconstantlyrenewone’sknowledgeandupgradeone’sskillssoastomeettheneedsofthechangingworld.Moreover,atthestageofgeneraleducation,itispointlessforapersontoattempttoknoweverything.Whenoneisrequiredtosettledowntobeaspecialistinaspecificfield,onehastomakeanin-depthstudyofthesubjectoneissupposedtoknow.Inthissense,generaleducationcanprovidestudentswithonlyapassporttolifelongeducation.AsRobertMaynardHutchinsoncesaid,theobjectofeducationistopreparetheyoungtoeducatethemselvesthroughouttheirlives.Inmyopinion,lifeinmodernsocietyisno