【八】高考必考英语语法超级归纳超级归纳超级归纳

====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====高考必考英语语法超级归纳一、冠词冠词分为不定冠词（a,），定冠词（），和零冠词。I.不定冠词的用法1Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.指一类人或事，相当于akindofWestudyeighthoursaday.Wearenearlyofanage.5某名人有类似性质的人或事acoupleof,abit,onceuponati6用于固定词组中7用于quite,rather,many,half,whaThisroomisratherabigone.Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.success(抽象名词)→asuccess(具体化)成功9用于抽象名词具体化的名词前识.定冠词的用法网络集====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====1表示某一类人或物A.a;theB./;aC.the;aD.the;the5类人—Couldyoutellmethewayto____Johnsons,please?—Sorry,wedon’thave____Johnsonhereinthevillage.表示一家人或夫妇（对比上文6A.the;theB.the;aC./;theD.the;/用于序数词和形容词副词比7Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.较级最高级前用于国家党派等以及江河湖8海，山川群岛的名词前用于表示发明物的单数名词9ThecompasswasinventedinChina.前在逢十的复数数词之前，指10世纪的某个年代网络集====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====11用于表示度量单位的名词前Ihiredthecarbythehour.用于方位名词，身体部位名12Hepattedmeontheshoulder.词BeijingUniversity,Jack,China,love,air1人名地名等名词前2March,Sunday,NationalDay,spring3日三餐前LincolnwasmadePresidentofAme5表示球类，棋类等运动的名词前Helikesplayingfootball/chess.Wewentrightroundtothewestcoastby______seainsteadofdrivingacross______continent.67与by连用表示交通方式的名词前A.the;theB.不填；theC.the;不填D.不husbandandwife,knifeandfork,dayandnight8表示泛指的复数名词前Horsesareusefulanimals.二、名词和主谓一致I.名词的种类网络集====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====专有名词普通名词可数名词不可数名词机构名称个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词名词性质花儿个体名词and.②Thetreesarenowinflower开花青春抽象名词抽象名词个体名词抽象名词①Youthisbeautiful.②Heisayouthoftwenty年轻人成功成功的事个体名词—Ishouldsayitwasasuccess.名词性质物质名词个体名词物质名词铁熨斗玻璃①Hebrokeapieceofglass.网络集====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====玻璃杯小鸡个体名词个体名词物质名词鸡肉hicken抽象名词与个体名词的转换A.some,aB.an,someC.some,someD.an,a的动作takeawalk/abathmakeanadvance(进步)/makeanaknowledgeoftruth(知道实际情况)表示school.其中的一部分A.The抽象名词转换为普通名①Oh,John._____yougaveme!网络集====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====A.HowapleasantsurpriseB.Howpleasantsurprise词可用来表示一次、一阵、一种具体的行为、事件、现象或结C.WhatapleasantsurpriseD.Whatpleasantsurprise②ShelookedupwhenIshouted.A.inasurpriseB.inthesurpriseC.insurpriseD.insomesurprise有形容词修饰Thegiftcameasacompletesurprisetome.We③Itis_____workofartthateveryonewantstohavealoA.sounusualB.suchunusualC.suchanunusualD.soanunusual规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或（参看有关语法书）。英规则改变名词中的元音字母或其他形man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,goose-geese,mouse-mice1式sheep,deer,series,means,works,fish,species2单复数相同ashes,trousers,clothes,thanks,g3只有复数形式4一些集体名词总是用作复数people,police,cattle,staff5enemy,party6复数形式表示特别含义s(文件报纸),manners(礼貌),looks(外表),brains(头脑智力),greens(青菜),ruins(废墟)Americans,Australians,Germans,Greeks,Swedes,Europeans表示某国7人”网络集====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====Swiss,Portuguese,Chinese,Japanese单复数同形以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-womenEnglishmen,Frenchwomensons-in-law,lookers-on,passers-by,story-tellers,boyfriends将主体名词变为复数grown-ups,housewives,stopwatches将两部分变为复数womensingers,menservants词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，forusall.法由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多谓语动词用复数形式。whatIboughtwerethreeEnglishbooks.LucyandLilyaretwins由连接词and或both…and连接起来的主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。但若所Thewriterandartisthascome.连接的两个词是指同一个人或物Everystudentandeveryteachisintheclassroom.时，它后面的谓语就用单数形式。由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no,eacManyaboyandmanyagirllikh,every或morethana(an)/one,mesit.网络集====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====anya(an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数Noboyandnogirllikesit.形式。either,neither,each,every或nEachofushasanewbook.Iso+单数名词和由some,anyno,everyeveryoneheretoday?Somebodyisspeakinginclass.Everythingaroundusismatter若noneof后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数。若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。Noneofushas(have)beentoAmerica.Thosewhowanttogopleasewritetheirnamesontheblackboard.Heisoneofmyfriendswhoarch等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。Heisthe(only)oneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.ItisIwhoamgoingtothecinematonight.在强调句型中应与被强调部分一致Itiswewhoaregoingtothecinematonight.Thepolicearelookingforthelostchild.Thecattleareeatinggrassinthefield.Hisfamilyhasmovedtothesouth.体的成员，其谓语动词用复数形式HisfamilyarewatchingTV.（他的家人）Classfourisonthethirdfloor.（四班）ClassFourareunabletoagreeuponamonitor.（四班的学生）Therearealotofpeopleintheclassroom.由alotof/lotsof/plentyof/aheaThree-fourthsofthesurfaceofpof/heapsof/therestof/themajtheearthissea.50percentofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.此外，还有anumberof+复数名词有类似的用法（用复数），但thenumberof+复网络集====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====数名词的数就得依number而定（用单数）。Anumberofstudentshavegonetothefarmtohelpthefarmerpickapples.Thenumberofpagesinthisbookisthreehundred.Therecomesthebus.Onthewallaremanypictures.Suchistheresult.Sucharethefacts.Betweenthetwohillsstandsamonument.Whichisyourbag?Whichareyourbags?AreanyofyougoodatEnglisWhat,who,which,any,more,all等h?Hasanyofyougotapen?代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思Allcanbedonehasbeendone.Allisgoingwell.Allhavebeentakenout.AllhavegonetoBeijing.Thirtyminutesisenoughforth表示时间重量长度价值等的名词的ework..Twentypoundsistoodear.Fortykilosofwaterareusedeveryday.致TheUnitedStatesissmallerthanChina.“TheArabianNights”isaninterestingstory-book.则数形式。Oneandahalfapplesislefto表数量的短语“oneandahalf”后面接复nthetable.一些学科名词是以-ics结尾，如：mathemThepaperworkswasbuiltin1990.这atics,politics,physics以及news,wo家造纸厂建于1990年。rks等。都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际Idon’tthinkphysicsiseasyto网络集====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====study.意义为单数名词，trousers,glasses,clothes,shoes,scissors(剪刀)等词作主语时，谓语用复数，Myglassesarebroken.但如果这些名词前有a(the)pairof等量Thepairofshoesunderthebe词修饰时（clothes被asuitof修饰）谓dishis.语动词用单数。Theoldaretakengoodcareofthere.人动词用复数；若表示某一类东西时，动词ThebeautifulgivespleasuretoEithertheteacherorthestud