nit+4+语法课件【知识专讲精研】高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

Grammar定语从句Unit4语言能力通过学习定语从句，能够锻炼学生的

语言输出能力。思维品质通过定语从句的学习，可以构建学生的语法体系，形成英语思维。学习能力加强学生归纳总结能力，提高学习力。文化意识能够了解中西方语言文化的差异，感受到不同的人文化气息。学习目标1导入导入观察下列句子，体会黑体词在句中的用法：①Thedigitalagealsoenablesustofindpeoplewhoshareourinterests,suchascollectingmodelcarsorplayinganunusualinstrument.②Onsocialmediasites,peopletendtopostonlygoodthingsthatmakethemappearhappyandfriendly.导入观察下列句子，体会黑体词在句中的用法：③Bornin476BC,hecamefromafamilywhichwasverypoor.④DoyouknowthegirlwhoseEnglishisexcellent?⑤Thewoman(whom)yousawjustnowisourteacher.⑥Nowadays,wecanmovearoundtheworldandstillstayintouchwiththepeople(that)wewanttoremainfriendswith.导入(1)句①②③中黑体部分的引导词是关系________，均在定语从句中充当________，________省略。(2)句④中黑体部分的引导词是关系________，在定语从句中充当________，________省略。(3)句⑤⑥中黑体部分的引导词是关系________，在定语从句中充当________，________省略。代词主语不可代词定语不可代词宾语可以新授总任务:掌握定语从句，并能学以致用。2新授新授1.定语从句的定义与分类在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。前者紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去；后者主句与从句之间用逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如果省去，意思仍然完整。新授2．关系代词的基本用法(1)who的用法：who指人，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。Thereisagirlwhowantstoseeyou.有个女孩儿想见你。新授(2)whom的用法：whom指人，在从句中作宾语，此时也可用who代替或省略。Theoldman(who/whom)yousawyesterdayisathinker.你昨天见到的那位老人是位思想家。新授(3)whose的用法：whose既可指人也可指物，在从句中修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格。它可以转化为“the＋名词＋ofwhich/whom”和“ofwhich/whom＋the＋名词”的形式。新授Thisisthescientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.＝Thisisthescientistthenameofwhomisknownalloverthecountry.这就是那位全国知名的科学家。Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.＝Pleasepassmethebookthecoverofwhichisgreen.请递给我那本绿色封面的书。新授(4)which和that的用法which指物，that既可指人也可指物；它们在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，which和that在从句中作宾语时可以省略。Pleasefindaroomwhich/thatisbigenoughforallofustolivein.请找一间足够大能住下我们所有人的房间。新授Thisisthehouse(which/that)weboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。Thisisthethief(that)wehavebeenlookingforthesedays.这就是我们近日来一直在找的小偷。新授3．指物时只用that而不用which的情况(1)当先行词是all,little,few,none,anything,something,everything,nothing等不定代词时。Canyougivemeanythingthathasnosugarinside?能不能给我点儿里面没有糖的东西？新授(2)当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。GuilinisthemostbeautifulcitythatIhaveevervisited.桂林是我游览过的最美丽的城市。Iwasthefirstinmyfamilythatgoestocollege.我是我们家第一个大学生。新授(3)当先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,theright等修饰时。Thisistheveryscarfthatmymotherhasbeenlookingfor.这就是我妈妈一直在找的那条围巾。新授(4)当先行词既指人又指物时。CanyoutellmethepeopleandeventsthatyousawinBritain?你能告诉我你在英国见到的人和事吗？(5)句中其他位置已出现which时，应用that，避免重复。Whichisthecarthathasovertakenus?哪辆车超过我们了？3总结4练习学以致用单句语法填空1．Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose________aregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.2．Theletter______________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommyfather.3．Theauthor______________youpraisedinyourreviewhaswrittenaletterinreply.whothat/which/不填whom/who/that/不填学以致用4．Thiskindofbookisforchildren________nativelanguageisFrench.5．October1,1949istheday______________we'llneverforget.6．Itwastheverybook________Iwassavingupmoneytobuy.whos