计算机专业英语第三版教学课件Unit5-Software-Engineering

Lesson3

ImplementingtheProjectUnit5SoftwareEngineeringLesson4

SoftwareTestingLesson2

RequirementsAnalysisLesson1

FormulatingaSoftwareDevelopmentProjectLesson1

FormulatingaSoftwareDevelopmentProjectGoalGrasptheprocessofprojectplanning.LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMoreNewWordsandPhrasesLookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore1NewWordsandPhrasesMatchthewordsandphraseswiththeirChinesecorrectly.维护业务建模计划测试实施需求分析1._____________2._____________3._____________4._____________5._____________6._____________业务建模

计划需求分析实施测试

维护1布朗先生的团队正在为华夏商务公司开发一个管理信息系统，为了制定项目的开发方案，他们还要做很多工作。琳达是团队中的系统分析员，现在琳达正在和布朗先生讨论项目开发计划。Mr.Brown:ZhonghuaComputers.WhatcanIdoforyou?Linda:Hello,Mr.Brown.ItisLinda.Gotaminute?Mr.Brown:Sure,whatdoyouneed?Linda:Weagreedtousetwoversionslasttimebecausewecan’tmeetthedeadlinewithjustone.LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMoreNewWordsandPhrases布朗先生：您好！中华计算机公司。我能为您做些什么？琳达：您好，布朗先生。我是琳达。您有时间吗？布朗先生：当然。您需要什么？琳达：上次我们达成一致，同意使用两个版本，因为只有一个版本的话，不能如期完成。1布朗先生的团队正在为华夏商务公司开发一个管理信息系统，为了制定项目的开发方案，他们还要做很多工作。琳达是团队中的系统分析员，现在琳达正在和布朗先生讨论项目开发计划。Mr.Brown:Yes.Weplannedtoputthetwoversionsinthesamedevelopmentprocess.Well,whatkindofproblemareyouhavingnow?Linda:Asyouknow,thethingis,wedon’tknowwhatwe’regoingtoputintoVersion2.0untilwefinishwithVersion1.0.Mr.Brown:Iseeyourpoint.Ifwehavetospendmoretimeondevelopingthesecondversion,we’llhavetoadjusttheschedule.Peopleneedtoknowthatwehaveadjustedtheprojectdevelopmentplanassoonaspossible.Doyouwantmetocalltheprojectmanager?LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMoreNewWordsandPhrases布朗先生：是的。我们计划在同一个开发过程中投入两个版本。那您现在遇到什么问题了？琳达：如您所知，问题是我们完成了版本1.0后，才能知道要在版本2.0中加入些什么。布朗先生：我明白您的意思。如果我们需要花费更多的时间来开发第二个版本的话，就不得不调整时间进度。大家需要尽早知道我们调整了项目开发计划。您想要我打给项目经理吗？1布朗先生的团队正在为华夏商务公司开发一个管理信息系统，为了制定项目的开发方案，他们还要做很多工作。琳达是团队中的系统分析员，现在琳达正在和布朗先生讨论项目开发计划。Linda:No,thanks.I’llputtogetherareportfirst,andthencallameeting.Mr.Brown:Great.It’ssurenicetohaveyouinourteam,Linda!Linda:Thanks,Mr.Brown.Well,I’dbettergetbusy.Bye.Mr.Brown:Bye.LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMoreNewWordsandPhrases琳达：不用了，谢谢！我会先撰写一份报告，然后召集一次会议。布朗先生：太好了！琳达，咱们团队里有你真是太棒了！琳达：谢谢，布朗先生。哦，我要开始忙起来了。再见！布朗先生：再见。1Fillintheblankswiththewordsinthebox.1.Ihaveabusy

forthenextfewdays.2.Thelatest

ofthesoftwarepackageisquiteuseful.3.The

oftheprojectisJanuary15th.LookandStudyDialogueReadingFurtherStudyWordsandPhrasesdeadline

version

schedulescheduleversiondeadlineLookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore1NewWordsandPhrases项目开发计划

It1isthejoboftheprojectmanagertodevelopaprojectplanandtoaccomplishit.Theprojectplanconsistsofdocumentsonwho,what,why,when,where,howandhowmuch.Itisacriticalsetofdocumentsandshouldmeetaprojectmanager’sneed2ofinformationthatisdata-based.

Intheframeworkofagilesoftwaredevelopment,iterationisashorttimeframewhichtypicallylastsforonetofourweeks.Eachiterationincludesallthetasksnecessarytoreleasetheincrementofnewfunctionality:planning,requirementsanalysis,design,coding,testinganddocumentation.制定和完成项目计划书是项目经理的工作。项目计划书由若干文档组成，指明了人物、事件、原因、时间、地点、如何做以及做多少。项目计划书是一系列关键文档的集合，它应该能满足项目经理对数据信息的需要。在敏捷软件开发的框架下，迭代周期是一个通常为时一到四周的短期时间段。每个迭代周期包括发布一个新功能的增量所需的一切任务，包括：计划、需求分析、设计、编码、测试和文档编制。LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore1NewWordsandPhrasesA.MatchtheEnglishwiththeChinese.Drawlines.B.Withagroup,listallthetasksthateachiterationincludes.1.____________________________________

2.____________________________________3.____________________________________4.____________________________________5.____________________________________1.frameworka.灵巧的，敏捷的2.agileb.实现，完成3.accomplishc.关键性的4.functionalityd.功能5.criticale.构架PlanningRequirementsanalysisDesignCodingTesting

LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore1NewWordsandPhrasesC.Learntheimportantgrammarandphraseinthetext.1.it作形式主语Itisthejoboftheprojectmanagertodevelopaprojectplanandtoaccomplishit.制定和完成项目计划书是项目经理的工作。●句中“It”是形式主语，“todevelopaprojectplanandtoaccomplishit”是真正的主语。●练习：Itisaninterestingthingtomakeasnowmaninwinter.●中文：____________________________________LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore1NewWordsandPhrasesC.Learntheimportantgrammarandphraseinthetext.2.meet...need满足……的需要Itisacriticalsetofdocumentsandshouldmeetaprojectmanager’sneedofinformationthatisdata-based.项目计划书是一系列关键文档的集合，它应该能满足项目经理对数据信息的需要。●练习：我们开发的软件必须要满足客户的需要。●提示：customer●英文：____________________________________LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore1NewWordsandPhrasesAsoftwaredevelopmentprojectorganization.LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore1NewWordsandPhrasesformulate['f.:mjuleit]v.制定analysis[.'n.l.sis]n.分析implementation['implim.n'tei..n]n.实施，执行deadline['dedlain]n.最后期限schedule['sked.ul]n.进度表accomplish[.'k.mpli.]v.完成，实现framework[.freimw.:k]n.构架，结构agile['.d..l]adj.灵巧的，敏捷的iteration[.it.'rei..n]n.迭代，循环，迭代周期frame[freim]n.框架release[ri'li:s]v.发布，发行increment['inkr.m.nt]n.增长，增量functionality['f..k...'n.liti]n.功能code[k.ud]v.编码n.代码documentation['d.kjumen'tei..n]n.文档编制AgileSoftwareDevelopment敏捷软件开发LookandLearn（1）业务建模（2）计划（3）需求分析（4）实施（5）测试（6）维护Dialogue1. schedule2. version3. deadlineReadingA.1-e2-a3-b4-d5-cB1.Planning2.Requirementsanalysis3.Design4.Coding5.Testing5.DocumentationLesson2

RequirementsAnalysisGoalUnderstandtheprocessofrequirementsanalysis.LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMoreNewWordsandPhrasesLookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore2NewWordsandPhrasesMatchthephraseswiththeirChinesecorrectly.需求分析可行性研究系统模型需求规格说明需求定义需求文件1._____________2._____________3._____________4._____________5._____________6._____________可行性研究

需求分析需求定义需求规格说明需求文件系统说明LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore2NewWordsandPhrases玛丽和迈克尔正讨论软件开发的可行性报告。Mary:Goodmorning,MaryLeespeaking.Michael:Goodmorning,Mary,It’sMichael.Mary:Oh,hi,Michael,howcanIhelpyou?Michael:Well,Ms.Chencalledyesterdayafternoonandshewantedtoknowifwehavefinishedthefeasibilitystudyyet.玛丽：早上好，我是李玛丽。迈克尔：早上好，玛丽，我是迈克尔。玛丽：哦，你好，迈克尔。有什么能帮到你的吗？迈克尔：哦，陈女士昨天下午打来电话，她想要知道我们是否已经完成了可行性研究。LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore2NewWordsandPhrases玛丽和迈克尔正讨论软件开发的可行性报告。Mary:Well,I’vealmostfinishedthedetailedstudy,andI’mwritingthereportnow.Michael:Youmeanallthecostsandbenefits?Mary:Yeah,butyouknow,therearejusttoomanycosts:hardwarecosts,softwarecosts,timecosts...Michael:Well,Ithinkyoushouldarrangethemintodifferenttypesofcost.Thatway,itmaybeeasierforyoutosortthemout.玛丽：嗯，我差不多快完成深入研究了，现在正在写报告。迈克尔：你指的是所有的成本和收益？玛丽：是啊，但主要是成本问题。你知道，需要考虑的成本太多了：硬件成本、软件成本、时间成本等。迈克尔：嗯，我想你应该先把它们归为不同的成本类型。用这种方法，你把它们计算出来就可能容易一些。LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore2NewWordsandPhrases玛丽和迈克尔正讨论软件开发的可行性报告。Mary:Goodidea!I’llsendyouacopyofthereportassoonasIcan.Thanksforyourhelp,Ican’ttellyouhowmuchIappreciateit.Michael:Youarewelcome!Bye.Mary:Bye.玛丽：好主意！我会尽快把报告发给你一份。谢谢你的帮助，不胜感激。迈克尔：别客气，再见。玛丽：再见。2ListentothedialogueagainandcircleYesorNo.Ms.ChencalledMichaelyesterdaymorning.YesNo2.Maryiswritingareportwhichcontainsallthecostsandbenefits.YesNo3.MichaelsolvedMary’sproblem.YesNoLookandStudyDialogueReadingFurtherStudyWordsandPhrases√√√LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore2NewWordsandPhrases可行性研究

Afeasibilitystudyisananalysisofaproblemtodetermineifitcanbesolvedaccordingto1thebudget,operation,technicalmattersandschedule.Theaimofthefeasibilitystudyistofindthebestsolution.

Withinthesystemdevelopmentcycle,thefeasibilitystudyisundertakenaftertheproblemhasbeendefinedandanalyzed,butbeforeimplementingdetaileddesignofasolution.Definingtheproblemhasquantifiedtheneeds,theobjectivesandtheboundariesoftheproblem.This,toasignificantextent2,identifiestheconstraints.可行性研究是对一个问题进行的分析，以确定该问题是否可以根据预算、操作、技术和进度来解决。可行性研究的目标是找出最佳解决方案。在系统开发周期中，可行性研究是在定义和分析问题之后，但在着手详细设计之前进行的。问题的定义量化了问题的需求、目标和界限。这在很大程度上明确了问题的限制因素。LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore2NewWordsandPhrasesA.Reordertheletters.B.MatchtheEnglishwiththeChinese.Drawlines.1.systemdevelopmentcyclea.可行性研究2.feasibilitystudyb.制定3.boundaryc.界限4.determined.系统开发周期FeasibilityBudgetconstraint

defineLookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore2NewWordsandPhrasesC.Learntheimportantphrasesinthetext.1.accordingto根据，按照Afeasibilitystudyisananalysisofaproblemtodetermineifitcanbesolvedaccordingtothebudget,operation,technicalmattersandschedule.可行性研究是对一个问题进行的分析，以确定该问题是否可以根据预算、操作、技术和进度来解决。●练习：据我分析，这个项目的预算会很大。●提示：budget●英文：____________________________________

LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore2NewWordsandPhrasesC.Learntheimportantphrasesinthetext.2.toasignificantextent在很大程度上This,toasignificantextent,identifiestheconstraints.这在很大程度上明确了问题的限制因素。●练习：时间进度在很大程度上影响了这个项目的可行性。●提示：influence●英文：____________________________________LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore2NewWordsandPhrasesFeasibilitystudyandfeasibilityreport.FeasibilityStudyFeasibilitystudyisapreliminary（初步的）studybeforethemainworkofprojectstarts,whichfindsouttheprobability（可能性）oftheproject’ssuccess.Itisananalysisofallpossiblesolutions（解决方案）toaproblemandarecommendation（正式建议）onthebestsolutiontouse.FeasibilityReportThistypeofwritingstudiesaprojectoraplanandthendetermines（决定）whetherthatprojectorplanis“feasible（可行的）”.Notonlydoesitgiveadvice,butitalsoprovidesthedataandthereasoning（论证）behindthatadvice.LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore2NewWordsandPhraseseasibility['fi:z.'bil.ti]n.可行性definition['defi'ni..n]n.定义，释义benefit['benifit]n.益处，好处，收益appreciate[.'pri:.ieit]v.感激，感谢determine[di't.:min]v.（使）下决心，（使）做出决定budget['b.d.it]n.预算undertake['.nd.'teik]v.担任，承揽，从事，负责，保证define[di'fain]v.规定，确定，下定义quantify['kw.ntifai]v.确定……的数量，量化objective[.b'd.ektiv]n.目标，目的significant[sig'nifik.nt]adj.重要的，重大的constraint[k.n'streint]n.强制，限制，约束systemdevelopmentcycle系统开发周期feasibilitystudy可行性研究LookandLearn（1）可行性研究（2）需求分析（3）需求定义（4）需求规格说明（5）需求文件（6）系统说明Dialogue1. NO2. Yes3. YesReadingA.feasibility；budget；constraint；defineB1-d2-a3-c4-bLesson3

ImplementingtheProjectGoalLearntheprocessofimplementation.LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMoreNewWordsandPhrasesLookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore3NewWordsandPhrasesMatchthewordandphraseswiththeirChinesecorrectly.编制最终报告编码与单元测试集成测试项目演示项目设计计划编制用户手册需求分析（1）计划

（2）需求分析（3）项目设计（4）编码与单元测试（5）集成测试（6）编制用户手册（7）编制最终报告

（8）项目演示3玛丽和迈克尔正在讨论项目的实施过程。Mary:OK,wehavecoveredalltheitemsweplannedtodiscussatthemeeting.Nowlet’sreviewthemainpointsagain.First,theprogressplan.We’vedecidedthatourpilotstudywillbeginnextMonday,andweshouldfinishthestudyinoneweek.Thenwewillmoveontothesystemdesignstage.Thisstagewilllastforsixtoeightweeks.Afterthat,comestheimplementationandtestingstage,whichwilllastforalmostfourmonths.Iseverythingclearnow?Doyouhaveanyquestions?LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMoreNewWordsandPhrases玛丽：好，我们已经把计划在此次会议上讨论的事项全都讨论完了。现在，让我们再回顾一下要点。首先是进度计划。我们已经决定从下周一开始做我们的初步研究，而且一周内要完成。接着我们将转入系统设计阶段。这一阶段将持续六到八周。之后，就是实施和测试阶段，大约持续四个月。现在都清楚了吗？您还有什么问题吗？3玛丽和迈克尔正在讨论项目的实施过程。Michael:Excuseme,wouldyoupleaserepeatthedurationfortheimplementationandtestingstage?Imissedthatpart.Mary:Yes,theestimateddurationforthestageisaboutfourmonths;thatistosay,thedeadlineisaboutsixmonthsfromnow.Anyotherquestions?Michael:No,thankyouverymuch.Mary:Iftherearenofurtherquestions,thenIguesseverythingisclear.Ourmeetingisadjourned.Thankyouforyourtimeandpatience.LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMoreNewWordsandPhrases迈克尔：抱歉，您能把实施和测试阶段的持续时间再说一遍吗？我漏掉了这一部分。玛丽：行，这一阶段预计的持续时长是四个月。也就是说，截止时间是从现在开始的大概六个月后。还有问题吗？迈克尔：没有了，非常感谢。玛丽：如果没有其他问题的话，我想一切都清楚了。休会。谢谢您的时间和耐心。3Listentothedialogueagainandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Whenwillthepilotstudystartandfinish?

____________________________________2.Howlongdoesthesystemdesignstagelastinthatplan?

____________________________________3.Whatistheestimateddurationfortheimplementationandtestingstage?____________________________________LookandStudyDialogueReadingFurtherStudyWordsandPhrasesThepilotstudywillbeginnextMondayandfinishinoneweek.Sixtoeightweeks.Theestimateddurationforthestageisaboutfourmonths.LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore3NewWordsandPhrases项目工作计划

Aprojectworkplanisthescheduleoftasks,durations,anddatestoaccomplishaproject.Ahighlevelworkplanshowsthestandarddeliverablesfortheprocess,andadetailedprojectplanshowsthespecifictasks.

Aprojectworkplanprovidesaplanof1whathastobedone,howtheworkwillbeorganizedandwhowilldoit.Thefollowingstepswillprovideyouwith2informationtobeusedindevelopingagoodworkplan:

Listtheprojectobjectivesandchosenstrategies.Listthetasksyouneedtodoforthoseobjectivesandstrategiestobeused.Putthetasksintheorderthattheyshouldoccur.Estimatetimeanddatestocreateaschedule.Estimatetheresourcesneededforyouractivities(includingtime,money,skills,people,equipment,facilities,information,etc.).Assignresponsibilitiestopeopleforvariousactivities.项目工作计划是关于项目任务、持续时间和完成日期的进度计划。高水平的项目计划展示过程中的标准交付产品，详细的项目计划阐明具体的项目任务。项目工作计划指明了要做什么工作，应该如何组织以及将由谁来完成。下列步骤将为你提供制订一个好的工作计划所需要的信息：列出项目目标和采取的策略。列出为了达到目标的实现策略和所需要完成的工作。按照任务执行的先后顺序排列。估算时间和日期，制定进度表。预测任务所需资源（包括时间、资金、技术、人员、仪器、设备、资料等）。为人员分配不同环节的任务。LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore3NewWordsandPhrasesB.Withagroup,listthestepstogettheinformationforagoodworkplan.A.Reordertheletterswithyourpartner.accomplishdeliverable

objective

responsibility1.Listtheprojectobjectivesandchosenstrategies2.Listthetasksyouneedtodoforthoseobjectivesandstrategiestobemet3.Putthetasksintheorderthattheyshouldoccur4.Estimatetimesanddatestocreateaschedule5.Estimatetheresourcesneededforyouractivities6.AssignresponsibilitytopeopleforvariousactivitiesLookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore3NewWordsandPhrasesC.Learntheimportantgrammarinthetext.1.介宾短语作后置定语Aprojectworkplanprovidesaplanofwhathastobedone,howtheworkwillbeorganizedandwhowilldoit.项目工作计划指明了要做什么工作，应该如何组织以及将由谁来完成。●句中“ofwhathastobedone,howtheworkwillbeorganizedandwhowilldoit”为后置定语，修饰前面的“plan”，其中“of”为介词，连接后面三个并列的宾语成分。在做翻译时，一般要将后置定语放到前面。●练习：It’sapersonalprojectofmine.●中文：____________________________________LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore3NewWordsandPhrasesC.Learntheimportantgrammarinthetext.2.tobeused动词不定式的被动语态，表示某事即将要被做。Thefollowingstepswillprovideyouwithinformationtobeusedindevelopingagoodworkplan.下列步骤将为你提供制订一个好的工作计划所需要的信息。●练习：这是明天谈判要用的合同。●提示：negotiation,contract●英文：____________________________________LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore3NewWordsandPhrasesAnexampleofprojectschedule.LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore3NewWordsandPhrasesintegrate['intigreit]v.集成demonstrate['dem.n'strei..n]n.演示，说明pilot['pail.t]n.试验duration[dju..rei..n]n.持续时间estimate['estimeit]v.估计，估价

adjourn[.'d..:n]v.（使）休会facility[f.'siliti]n.设备，设施projectworkplan项目工作计划projectobjective项目目标LookandLearn（1）计划（2）需求分析（3）项目设计（4）编码与单元测试（5）集成测试（6）编制用户手册（7）编制最终报告（8）项目演示Dialogue1. ThepilotstudywillbeginnextMondayandfinishinoneweek.2. Sixtoeightweeks.3. Theestimateddurationforthestageisaboutfourmonths.ReadingA.accomplish；deliverable；objective；responsibilityB1.Listtheprojectobjectivesandchosenstrategies2.Listthetasksyouneedtodoforthoseobjectivesandstrategiestobemet3.Putthetasksintheorderthattheyshouldoccur4.Estimatetimesanddatestocreateaschedule5.Estimatetheresourcesneededforyouractivities6.AssignresponsibilitytopeopleforvariousactivitiesLesson4

SoftwareTestingGoalLearntheprocessofsoftwaretesting.LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMoreNewWordsandPhrasesLookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore4NewWordsandPhrasesMatchthephraseswiththeirChinesecorrectly.产品发布需求阶段缺陷报告测试计划测试设计测试执行（1）产品发布（2）缺陷报告（3）测试执行（4）测试设计（5）测试计划（6）需求阶段4玛丽和迈克尔正在讨论项目的测试过程。Mary:OK,nowweareenteringthetestingphasesowemayneedtoreassesstheoriginalplanandtomakeadjustments.Michael:Well,testingistoevaluatetheproduct,nottofixit.Weshouldbeabletoassumethatmostofthedefectshavealreadybeenfixedbeforethetestingphase.Mary:Canyougivemearoughideaoftheworkflow?LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMoreNewWordsandPhrases玛丽：好，我们现在开始进入测试阶段。为此，可能需要重新评估原定计划并且做出调整。迈克尔：哦，测试是为了评价产品，而不是为了修复问题。我们应该能够假定在进入测试阶段之前大多数的问题都已经被修复了。玛丽：您能给我一个粗略的工作流程吗？4玛丽和迈克尔正在讨论项目的测试过程。Michael:Ofcourse,ageneralworkflowgoesasfollows:whenthetestersfindabug,theyfilloutabugreportformandsendittothedevelopers.Mary:Well,what’snext?Michael:Thenthedevelopersfixthebug,changethestatusofthebugonthereportform,andarchiveit.Mary:Andthen?LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMoreNewWordsandPhrases迈克尔：当然可以。大体工作流程是这样的：当测试人员发现漏洞时，他们会填写一张漏洞报表，并把它提交给开发人员。玛丽：哦，然后呢？迈克尔：然后开发人员修复漏洞，在报表上修改漏洞状态并归档。玛丽：接着呢？4玛丽和迈克尔正在讨论项目的测试过程。Michael:Therearetimeswhenthedeveloperswillhavetomeetasagrouptodiscusshowtofixcertaintypesofbugsorhowtomakechanges.Mary:Thatdoesn’tsoundverycomplicated.Michael:Yes,withabugtrackingsystem,testersanddeveloperscanupdatebugreportsandfeedbackinrealtime.Mary:OK,let’sgetonit.Let’strytoadaptthetrackingsystemforbugreportingandtrackingassoonaspossible.LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMoreNewWordsandPhrases迈克尔：是的，采用漏洞跟踪系统，测试员和开发员能够更新漏洞报告，实时进行反馈。迈克尔：有时开发人员必须集体开会讨论如何修复某种类型的漏洞，或者如何做出改变。玛丽：这听起来并不是很复杂。玛丽：好，那我们就开始干吧。我们尽量适应这个跟踪系统，以便尽快地报告和跟踪漏洞。4Listentothedialogueagainandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Testingmeanstofixthesoftwaresystem,isthatright?________________________________________________2.Whatisageneralworkflowofthetestingphase?________________________________________________3.Whatcanabugtrackingsystemdowithinthetestingphase?________________________________________________LookandStudyDialogueReadingFurtherStudyWordsandPhrasesTestingistoevaluatetheproduct,nottofixit.Ageneralworkflowgoesasfollows:whenthetestersfindabugs,theyfilloutabugreportformandsendittothedevelopers.Withabugtrackingsystem,testersanddeveloperscanupdatebugreportsandfeedbackinrealtime.LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore4NewWordsandPhrases软件测试计划

Asoftwaretestplanisadocumentdescribingthescope,approaches,resources,andscheduleofintendedtestingactivities.Itidentifiestestitems,thefeaturestobetested,thetestingtasks,andwhowilldoeachtask.

Eventhesimplestsoftwaresystemissocomplexandissoprone1tofailurethatplanningtotestisjustasessentialasplanningyourdesign.Whatismore,theITindustryisnotdoingagoodjobatreleasingqualityproducts.Currentlytestedandreleasedsoftwareaveragesmorethantensignificantbugsper1,000linesofcode.Thinkingahead2andplanningyourtestingareonewaytocutthatdown.软件测试计划是说明将要进行的测试活动的范围、方法、资源和进度表的文档。软件测试计划确定了测试项目、需要测试的特性、测试任务以及由哪些人来承担这些任务。即使是最简单的软件系统也很复杂并容易出错，因此测试计划与设计计划同样重要。另外，信息技术产业在交付保证质量的产品方面做得并不好。目前经过测试交付的软件的平均出错率为每千行10个以上主要的缺陷。降低出错率的办法是一开始想得长远一些，并做好测试计划。LookandLearnDialogueReadingLearnMore4NewWordsandPhrasesA.MatchtheEnglishwiththeChinese.Drawlines.B.Fillintheblankswiththewordsinthebox.1.Workingwithoutabreakmakesyoumore

toerror.2.The

of4,5and9is6.3.Experienceis

forthisjob.4.Thistopicisoutsidethe

ofthearticle.1.schedulea.软件测试计划2.asessentialasb.进度表3.softwaretestplanc.主要的缺陷4