时钟日历设计JAVA实验报告

PAGEPAGE1佛山科学技术学院《可视化编程技术》课程设计报告时钟日历设计学生姓名：学号：年级专业：指导老师：学院：广东★佛山提交日期：2014年6月目录1.前言………………22．概要设计…………32.1开发环境……………………32.2时钟日历功能……………32.3界面设计……………………32.4类的框架结构图……………43.详细设计………………………53.1使用的java类的说明……………………53.2类的主要方法………………63.2.1设置3个按钮…………63.2.2日历、时钟、界面的绘制……………73.2.3导入素材文件…………103.2.4设计总体认识………114.运行结果………………………115.测试分析………………………115.1程序运行情况……………115.2程序异常处理……………126.源程序…………13参考文献……………23设计总结……………24PAGEPAGE24摘要：该程序是一个图形界面的简单的java时钟日历，具有良好的界面。该程序可以自动获取系统日期和时间。还可以翻看万年历，在点选日期的时候会有音效。程序中还有个会移动的图形条，在右侧则有一个时钟图形，会跟着实时时间动。下方三个按钮可以播放一个声音，PLAY则播放一次，LOOP则循环播放，STOP则停止播放声音。关键字：java、日历类、时钟类、声音类、方法、事件1前言随着科学技术的不断发展，计算机已经成为我们工作学习和生活中不可缺少的工具。文本编辑器是个人计算机最司空见惯的应用程序了，在学习了Java语言之后，我决定使用Java语言编写一个简单的计算器，可以实现简单的运算功能，满足日常基本的工作学习和娱乐需要。Java是由Sun公司开发的新一代纯面向对象的网络编程语言。其目标是建立一种在任意种机器、任一种操作系统的网络环境中运行的软件，实行所谓的“程序写一次，到处运行”的目标。正因为如此，Java已成为当今Internet上最流行、最受欢迎的一种程序开发语言。Java开发小组把Java按特性分为基本版、移动版、企业版，每个版本有一个软件开发包。Java基本版本叫Java2标准版（Java2StandardEdition,J2SE）,它包含建立Java应用程序或者是Applet所需的应用程序编程接口（API）。Java2移动版（TheJava2MobileEdition，J2ME）包含创建无线Java应用程序的API。还有Java2企业版（TheJava2Enterprise，J2EE）是J2SE的增强版本，包含建立多层架构应用程序API。Java语言是由C++语言发展起而来的，是一种彻底的面向对象的程序设计语言。作为一种纯面向对象的程序设计语言，它非常适合大型软件的开发。Java语言去掉了C++语言的一些容易引起错误的特性。Java语言的特点有：面向对象、跨平台、安全性、多线程和图形功能强。2概要设计2.1开发环境 开发平台：MicrosoftWindows7旗舰版ServicePack1 开发工具：Eclipse+JDK1.6.02.2时钟日历功能功能1：显示实时日期

功能2：显示实时时间功能3：翻看万年历

功能4：单次播放声音

功能5：循环播放声音功能6：停止播放声音2.3界面设计图2.3时钟日历面板2.4类的框架结构//Film是描述滚动图片的类.classFilmextendsCanvasimplementsRunnable{ publicvoidrun(){} publicvoidpaint(Graphicsg){} publicvoidupdate(Graphicsg){}}//AudioPlayer是描述底部音乐播放条的类．classAudioPlayerextendsPanel{ publicbooleanaction(Evente,Objectp){}}//Calendar是描述日历和时钟的类．classCalendarextendsPanelimplementsRunnable{ publicvoidrun(){} publicvoidpaint(Graphicsg){} publicvoidupdate(Graphicsg){}publicbooleanaction(Eventevt,Objectarg){} publicbooleanmouseDown(Eventevt,intx,inty){} publicbooleanlostFocus(Eventevt,Objectwhat){}publicbooleankeyDown(Eventevt,intkey){}}//主类publicclassMyAppletextendsApplet{ publicvoidinit(){} publicvoidstart(){} publicvoidstop(){} publicvoiddestroy(){}}3详细设计3.1使用的Java类的说明类名:Film作用:描述滚动图片的

继承的父类:Canvas类

实现的接口:没有

classFilmextendsCanvasimplementsRunnable{ publicvoidrun(){} publicvoidpaint(Graphicsg){} publicvoidupdate(Graphicsg){} }类名:AudioPlayer

作用:描述底部音乐播放条的类.

继承的父类:Panel类

实现的接口:没有classAudioPlayerextendsPanel{ publicbooleanaction(Evente,Objectp){}}类名:Calendar

作用:描述日历和时钟的类.

继承的父类:Panel类

实现的接口:FilmclassCalendarextendsPanelimplementsRunnable{ publicvoidrun(){} publicvoidpaint(Graphicsg){} publicvoidupdate(Graphicsg){}publicbooleanaction(Eventevt,Objectarg){} publicbooleanmouseDown(Eventevt,intx,inty){} publicbooleanlostFocus(Eventevt,Objectwhat){}publicbooleankeyDown(Eventevt,intkey){}}类名:MyApplet

作用:主类.

继承的父类:Applet类

实现的接口:Calendar、AudioPlayerpublicclassMyAppletextendsApplet{ publicvoidinit(){} publicvoidstart(){} publicvoidstop(){} publicvoiddestroy(){}}3.2类的主要方法3.2.1设置3个按钮：publicbooleanaction(Evente,Objectp) { if(e.target==play) { au.play(); } elseif(e.target==loop) { au.loop(); } elseif(e.target==stop) { au.stop(); } returnsuper.action(e,p); } 3.2.2日历、时钟、界面的绘制：publicvoidupdate(Graphicsg){ inti,j; Dimensiond=size(); ImageoffImage=createImage(d.width,d.height); GraphicsoffG=offImage.getGraphics(); //setthebackgroundcolor setBackground(newColor(242,160,255)); offG.setColor(getBackground()); offG.fillRect(0,0,500,350); //drawcalendarshadow offG.setColor(newColor(80,150,80)); offG.fillRect(25,100,340,230); //drawcalendarbase offG.setColor(newColor(100,230,195)); offG.fillRect(15,90,340,230); offG.setFont(newFont("Helvetica",Font.BOLD,20)); for(i=0;i<=6;i++){ offG.setColor(Color.darkGray); offG.drawString(weekName[i],26+i*48,110); offG.setColor(Color.white); offG.drawString(weekName[i],24+i*48,108); } //drawauthorinformation offG.setColor(Color.gray); offG.drawString("12教育技术2班刘思华2012914205",10,350); //drawverticalbars for(i=350;i>0;i-=10){ offG.setColor(newColor(170+85*i/350,255,170+85*i/350)); offG.fillRect(380,i,40,9); } //drawyear offG.setColor(newColor(200,255,200)); offG.setFont(newFont("Courier",Font.ITALIC,66)); StringyearString=""+(1900+today.getYear()); for(j=0;j<=6;j+=2) for(i=0;i<=3;i++) offG.drawString(yearString.substring(i,i+1),415+j,168+49*i); //drawhorizontalbars offG.setColor(Color.black); offG.drawLine(6,60,250,60); offG.setColor(newColor(100,200,100)); offG.drawLine(5,65,495,65); offG.drawLine(5,66,495,66); //drawcircles offG.setColor(Color.black); offG.drawOval(560,5,120,120); offG.setColor(Color.black); offG.drawOval(570,15,100,100); //drawMonth offG.setFont(newFont("Monospaced",Font.BOLD+Font.ITALIC,25)); offG.setColor(Color.orange); offG.drawString(monthName[today.getMonth()],280,57); //drawdate FontmyFont=newFont("DialogInput",Font.BOLD,50); FontMetricsfontSize=getFontMetrics(myFont); offG.setFont(myFont); Stringtemp=""+today.getDate(); ColordateColor=newColor(weekColor[today.getDay()]); intx=380-fontSize.stringWidth(temp)/2; inty=59; offG.setColor(dateColor.brighter()); offG.drawString(temp,x-1,y-1); offG.setColor(dateColor.darker()); offG.drawString(temp,x+1,y+1); offG.setColor(dateColor); offG.drawString(temp,x,y); //drawclock offG.setColor(Color.black); offG.drawOval(560,60,10,10); //9点 offG.drawOval(670,60,10,10); //3点 offG.drawOval(615,5,10,10); //12点 offG.drawOval(615,115,10,10); //6点 offG.drawOval(571,36,5,5); //10点 offG.drawOval(591,16,5,5); //11点 offG.drawOval(644,16,5,5); //1点 offG.drawOval(663,36,5,5); //2点 offG.drawOval(663,89,5,5); //4点 offG.drawOval(644,109,5,5); //5点 offG.drawOval(591,109,5,5); //7点 offG.drawOval(571,89,5,5); //8点 Datenow=newDate(); doublehour=now.getHours()+now.getMinutes()/60.; doubleminute=now.getMinutes()+now.getSeconds()/60.; doublesecond=now.getSeconds(); offG.setColor(Color.black); offG.drawLine(620,65,(int)(620+30*Math.sin(hour*Math.PI/6)),(int)(65-30*Math.cos(hour*Math.PI/6))); offG.drawLine(620,65,(int)(620+45*Math.sin(minute*Math.PI/30)),(int)(65-45*Math.cos(minute*Math.PI/30))); offG.setColor(Color.black); offG.drawLine(620,65,(int)(620+48*Math.sin(second*Math.PI/30)),(int)(65-48*Math.cos(second*Math.PI/30))); //drawcalendardates booleanraised; offG.setFont(newFont("Serif",Font.PLAIN,15)); DatenewDay=newDate(today.getYear(),today.getMonth(),1); newDay.setDate(1-newDay.getDay());//找出日历左上角的日期 for(j=0;j<=5;j++){ for(i=0;i<=6;i++){ offG.setColor(newColor(220,255,165)); if(today.getDate()!=newDay.getDate()||today.getMonth()!=newDay.getMonth()) raised=true; //其他日期,按钮上浮 else raised=false; //当前日期,按钮下沉 offG.fill3DRect(17+i*48,114+j*34,48,34,raised); if(today.getMonth()==newDay.getMonth()) offG.setColor(Color.black); //本月日期,黑色 else offG.setColor(Color.black); //他月日期,浅色 offG.drawString(""+newDay.getDate(),20+i*48,129+j*34); newDay.setDate(newDay.getDate()+1); } } g.drawImage(offImage,0,0,this); }3.2.3导入素材文件：publicvoidinit(){ Stringauname=getParameter("auname"); if(auname==null) { auname="ding.au"; } AudioClipau=getAudioClip(getCodeBase(),auname); audioPlayer=newAudioPlayer(au); Imagethumb=getImage(getCodeBase(),"thumb.gif"); au=getAudioClip(getCodeBase(),"chirp.au"); calendar=newCalendar(thumb,au); setLayout(newBorderLayout()); add("Center",calendar); add("South",audioPlayer); }3.2.4JAVA设计的摘要JAVA设计的目录结构JAVA设计的概要和详细设计JAVA设计的版权意识JAVA设计需要编译的环境JAVA设计的实用性4运行结果图4程序运行结果5测试分析5.1程序运行情况:

程序正常的响应按钮事件，输入到输入框的数据数值可能不是数字，导致程序异常，因此使用了try {}catch(NumberFormatExceptione){ } setDateText(); returntrue;将数据变回原来的数据值，防止程序异常。同时为了防止绘制界面时线程冲突，使用publicvoidrun(){longstartTime=System.currentTimeMillis(); //记录线程开始的时间. while(true){ repaint(); startTime+=1000; //计算下次醒来的时间. try{ Thread.sleep(Math.max(0,startTime-System.currentTimeMillis()));//保证绘图时间和睡眠时间相加为一秒,若绘图超过一秒,则线程不睡眠. }catch(InterruptedExceptione){}}5.2程序异常处理:

承自Panel类，然后使用try-catch去捕捉这个异常，异常的处理如下：

publicbooleanlostFocus(Eventevt,Objectwhat){ intnum; try{ if(evt.target.equals(year)){ num=Integer.valueOf(year.getText()).intValue(); if(num!=today.getYear()&&num>=1000&&num<=9999){ today.setYear(num-1900); repaint(); } } if(evt.target.equals(month)){ num=Integer.valueOf(month.getText()).intValue(); if(num!=today.getMonth()&&num>=1&&num<=12){ today.setMonth(num-1); repaint(); } } if(evt.target.equals(date)){ num=Integer.valueOf(date.getText()).intValue(); if(num!=today.getDate()){ DatenewDay=newDate(today.getTime()); newDay.setDate(num); if(newDay.getMonth()==today.getMonth()){ today.setDate(num); repaint(); } } } }catch(NumberFormatExceptione){ //输入的不是数字 } setDateText(); //输入不合法,将日期设为原值 returntrue;

6程序清单：importjava.awt.*;importjava.util.*;importjava.awt.image.*;importjava.applet.*;//Film是描述滚动图片的类.classFilmextendsCanvasimplementsRunnable{ Threadmove; Imagethumb; intstartPoint=0; //起始位置 finalintthumbWidth=23; //小图片的宽度 publicFilm(Imagethumb){ this.thumb=thumb; if(move==null){ move=newThread(this); move.start(); } } publicvoidrun(){ while(true){ repaint(); try{ Thread.sleep(100); }catch(InterruptedExceptione){} startPoint-=1; //向左移一位 startPoint%=thumbWidth; //超过小图片宽度后回到起始点} } publicvoidpaint(Graphicsg){ update(g); } publicvoidupdate(Graphicsg){ inti; Dimensiond=size(); ImageoffImage=createImage(d.width,d.height); GraphicsoffG=offImage.getGraphics(); offG.setColor(newColor(242,160,255)); offG.fillRect(0,0,d.width,d.height); for(i=startPoint;i<=d.width;i+=thumbWidth) offG.drawImage(thumb,i,0,this); g.drawImage(offImage,0,0,this); } }//AudioPlayer是描述底部音乐播放条的类．classAudioPlayerextendsPanel{ AudioClipau; Buttonplay,loop,stop; Labellabel; AudioPlayer(AudioClipau) { setLayout(newFlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT,10,5)); add(play=newButton("play")); add(loop=newButton("loop")); add(stop=newButton("stop")); this.au=au; setBackground(newColor(242,160,255)); } publicbooleanaction(Evente,Objectp) { if(e.target==play) { au.play(); } elseif(e.target==loop) { au.loop(); } elseif(e.target==stop) { au.stop(); } returnsuper.action(e,p); }}//Calendar是描述日历和时钟的类．classCalendarextendsPanelimplementsRunnable{ ButtonnextYear,nextMonth,nextDate,lastYear,lastMonth,lastDate; TextFieldyear,month,date; FilmmyFilm; Threadclock; AudioClipchirp; Datetoday=newDate(); StringweekName[]={"Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"}; StringmonthName[]={"一月","二月","三月","四月","五月","六月","七月","八月","九月","十月","十一月","十二月"}; intweekColor[]={0xcc6633,0xcccc33,0xcccc33,0xcccc33,0xcccc33,0xcccc33,0x3399cc}; Calendar(Imagethumb,AudioClipau){ setLayout(newFlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT,3,13)); add(lastYear=newButton("<")); add(year=newTextField(""+(1900+today.getYear()),4)); add(nextYear=newButton(">")); add(lastMonth=newButton("<")); add(month=newTextField(""+(today.getMonth()+1),2)); add(nextMonth=newButton(">")); add(lastDate=newButton("<")); add(date=newTextField(""+today.getDate(),2)); add(nextDate=newButton(">")); myFilm=newFilm(thumb); myFilm.resize(270,15); add(myFilm); chirp=au; }publicvoidrun(){longstartTime=System.currentTimeMillis(); //记录线程开始的时间. while(true){ repaint(); startTime+=1000; //计算下次醒来的时间. try{ Thread.sleep(Math.max(0,startTime-System.currentTimeMillis()));//保证绘图时间和睡眠时间相加为一秒,若绘图超过一秒,则线程不睡眠. }catch(InterruptedExceptione){}}} publicvoidpaint(Graphicsg){ update(g); } publicvoidupdate(Graphicsg){ inti,j; Dimensiond=size(); ImageoffImage=createImage(d.width,d.height); GraphicsoffG=offImage.getGraphics(); //setthebackgroundcolor setBackground(newColor(242,160,255)); offG.setColor(getBackground()); offG.fillRect(0,0,500,350); //drawcalendarshadow offG.setColor(newColor(80,150,80)); offG.fillRect(25,100,340,230); //drawcalendarbase offG.setColor(newColor(100,230,195)); offG.fillRect(15,90,340,230); offG.setFont(newFont("Helvetica",Font.BOLD,20)); for(i=0;i<=6;i++){ offG.setColor(Color.darkGray); offG.drawString(weekName[i],26+i*48,110); offG.setColor(Color.white); offG.drawString(weekName[i],24+i*48,108); } //drawauthorinformation offG.setColor(Color.gray); offG.drawString("12教育技术2班刘思华2012914205",10,350); //drawverticalbars for(i=350;i>0;i-=10){ offG.setColor(newColor(170+85*i/350,255,170+85*i/350)); offG.fillRect(380,i,40,9); } //drawyear offG.setColor(newColor(200,255,200)); offG.setFont(newFont("Courier",Font.ITALIC,66)); StringyearString=""+(1900+today.getYear()); for(j=0;j<=6;j+=2) for(i=0;i<=3;i++) offG.drawString(yearString.substring(i,i+1),415+j,168+49*i); //drawhorizontalbars offG.setColor(Color.black); offG.drawLine(6,60,250,60); offG.setColor(newColor(100,200,100)); offG.drawLine(5,65,495,65); offG.drawLine(5,66,495,66); //drawcircles offG.setColor(Color.black); offG.drawOval(560,5,120,120); offG.setColor(Color.black); offG.drawOval(570,15,100,100); //drawMonth offG.setFont(newFont("Monospaced",Font.BOLD+Font.ITALIC,25)); offG.setColor(Color.orange); offG.drawString(monthName[today.getMonth()],280,57); //drawdate FontmyFont=newFont("DialogInput",Font.BOLD,50); FontMetricsfontSize=getFontMetrics(myFont); offG.setFont(myFont); Stringtemp=""+today.getDate(); ColordateColor=newColor(weekColor[today.getDay()]); intx=380-fontSize.stringWidth(temp)/2; inty=59; offG.setColor(dateColor.brighter()); offG.drawString(temp,x-1,y-1); offG.setColor(dateColor.darker()); offG.drawString(temp,x+1,y+1); offG.setColor(dateColor); offG.drawString(temp,x,y); //drawclock offG.setColor(Color.black); offG.drawOval(560,60,10,10); //9点 offG.drawOval(670,60,10,10); //3点 offG.drawOval(615,5,10,10); //12点 offG.drawOval(615,115,10,10); //6点 offG.drawOval(571,36,5,5); //10点 offG.drawOval(591,16,5,5); //11点 offG.drawOval(644,16,5,5); //1点 offG.drawOval(663,36,5,5); //2点 offG.drawOval(663,89,5,5); //4点 offG.drawOval(644,109,5,5); //5点 offG.drawOval(591,109,5,5); //7点 offG.drawOval(571,89,5,5); //8点 Datenow=newDate(); doublehour=now.getHours()+now.getMinutes()/60.; doubleminute=now.getMinutes()+now.getSeconds()/60.; doublesecond=now.getSeconds(); offG.setColor(Color.black); offG.drawLine(620,65,(int)(620+30*Math.sin(hour*Math.PI/6)),(int)(65-30*Math.cos(hour*Math.PI/6))); offG.drawLine(620,65,(int)(620+45*Math.sin(minute*Math.PI/30)),(int)(65-45*Math.cos(minute*Math.PI/30))); offG.setColor(Color.black); offG.drawLine(620,65,(int)(620+48*Math.sin(second*Math.PI/30)),(int)(65-48*Math.cos(second*Math.PI/30))); //drawcalendardates booleanraised; offG.setFont(newFont("Serif",Font.PLAIN,15)); DatenewDay=newDate(today.getYear(),today.getMonth(),1); newDay.setDate(1-newDay.getDay());//找出日历左上角的日期 for(j=0;j<=5;j++){ for(i=0;i<=6;i++){ offG.setColor(newColor(220,255,165)); if(today.getDate()!=newDay.getDate()||today.getMonth()!=newDay.getMonth()) raised=true; //其他日期,按钮上浮 else raised=false; //当前日期,按钮下沉 offG.fill3DRect(17+i*48,114+j*34,48,34,raised); if(today.getMonth()==newDay.getMonth()) offG.setColor(Color.black); //本月日期,黑色 else offG.setColor(Color.black); //他月日期,浅色 offG.drawString(""+newDay.getDate(),20+i*48,129+j*34); newDay.setDate(newDay.getDate()+1); } } g.drawImage(offImage,0,0,this); } publicbooleanaction(Eventevt,Objectarg){ if(evt.target.equals(lastYear)){ //上一年 today.setYear(today.getYear()-1); repaint(); } if(evt.target.equals(nextYear)){ //下一年 today.setYear(today.getYear()+1); repaint(); } if(evt.target.equals(lastMonth)){ //上个月 today.setMonth(today.getMonth()-1); repaint(); } if(evt.target.equals(nextMonth)){ //下个月 today.setMonth(today.getMonth()+1); repaint(); } if(evt.target.equals(lastDate)){ //前一天 today.setDate(today.getDate()-1); repaint(); } if(evt.target.equals(nextDate)){ //后一天 today.setDate(today.getDate()+1); repaint(); } setDateText(); returntrue; } publicbooleanmouseDown(Eventevt,intx,inty){ if(x>16&&x<354&&y>113&&y<319){ DatenewDay=newDate(today.getYear(),today.getMonth(),1); newDay.setDate(1-newDay.getDay()); intColumn=(int)(x-17)/48;//鼠标点在日历的哪一列 intRow=(int)(y-114)/34;//鼠标点在日历的哪一行 newDay.setDate(newDay.getDate()+Row*7+Column); today=newDate(newDay.getTime()); chirp.play(); //发声 setDateText(); repaint(); returntrue; } returnfalse; } publicbooleanlostFocus(Eventevt,Objectwhat){ intnum; try{ if(evt.target.equals(year)){ num=Integer.valueOf(year.getText()).intValue(); if(num!=today.getYear()&&num>=1000&&num<=9999){ today.setYear(num-1900); repaint(); } } if(evt.target.equals(month)){ num=Integer.valueOf(month.getText()).intValue(); if(num!=today.getMonth()&&num>=1&&num<=12){ today.setMonth(num-1); repaint(); } } if(evt.target.equals(date)){ num=Integer.valueOf(date.getText()).intValue(); if(num!=today.getDate()){ DatenewDay=newDate(today.getTime()); newDay.setDate(num); if(newDay.getMonth()==today.getMonth()){ today.setDate(num); repaint(); } } } }catch(NumberFormatExceptione){ //输入的不是数字 } setDateText(); //输入不合法,将日期设为原值 returntrue; } publicbooleankeyDown(Eventevt,intkey