山东省潍坊市高三英语上学期期末试题（含解析）

山东省潍坊市2021届高三英语上学期期末试题（含解析）注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABeforetheDecemberholidaycrazeandcelebrationsstart,Novemberisanidealtimetovisitthesoutheaststatestoenjoymildtemperaturesanduniquefestivalsandevents.SouthCarolinaPecanFestivalinFlorenceHeadtodowntownFlorenceforthispopularannualmunityeventheldthefirstSaturdayofNovember.Therearestageswithlivemusic,over250foodandcraftvendors,artexhibitions,amusementrides,antiquetractorshow,carshow,andpecancookingpetitionwithcelebrityjudges.SeagrovePotteryFestivalinNorthCarolinaThisyearlyfestivalfeatureshandmadepottery,colonialcrafts,andpotterymakingdemonstrations.Potterycollectorscanpickupsomelimitededitionpiecessignedanddatedbylocalpotters.AlwaystheweekendbeforeThanksgiving,theeventstartsonFriday,withadurationofthreedays.MuleDayinCalvary,GeorgiaLabeledasthelargestone—dayfestivalinsouthwestGeorgia,thisannualevent,alwaysheldthefirstSaturdayinNovember,featuresasunrisebreakfast,muleparade(骡子游行)，fleamarketwithhundredsofbooths,abarbecueandfishfry,regionalentertainment,andmore.MuleDaycelebratesthemules’significantcontributiontothearea’sagriculture.VeteransDayParadeinBirmingham,AlabamaVeteransDay,afederalandstateholidayintheUnitedStates,isalwayscelebratedonNovember11th.ThereareeventsthroughouttheSoutheast,includingparadesandceremoniesonorclosetoVeteransDay.1.WhatcanpeopledoatPecanFestival?A.Appreciateartworks.B.Watchmusicshowsonscreen.C.Drivemodemtractorsandcars.D.Buyfoodcookedbycelebrities.2.WhyisMuleDaycelebrated?A.Toboostthelocalmarket.B.Toadvocatecookingskills.C.Toenhancetheimportanceofeconomy.D.Tohonormulesfortheirroleinagriculture.3.WhichfestivalfallsonNovember11th?A.PecanFestival. B.PotteryFestival.C.MuleDay. D.VeteransDay.【答案】1.A2.D3.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。11月是游览东南部各州的理想时间，文章介绍了四个节日和活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SouthCarolinaPecanFestivalinFlorence中“Therearestageswithlivemusic,over250foodandcraftvendors,artexhibitions,amusementrides,antiquetractorshow,carshow,andpecancookingpetitionwithcelebrityjudges.(有现场音乐的舞台，超过250个食品和工艺商贩，艺术展览，游乐设施，古董拖拉机表演，汽车表演，和名人评委的核桃烹饪比赛。)”可知，在山核桃节人们可以买到名人做的食物。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据MuleDayinCalvary,Georgia中“MuleDaycelebratesthemules’significantcontributiontothearea’sagriculture.(骡子节是为了庆祝骡子对当地农业做出的重大贡献。)”可知，庆祝骡子节是要表彰骡子在农业中的贡献。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据VeteransDayParadeinBirmingham,Alabama中“VeteransDay,afederalandstateholidayintheUnitedStates,isalwayscelebratedonNovember11th.(退伍军人节是美国的联邦和州假日，每年的11月11日都会庆祝。)”可知，退伍军人节是在11月11日。选D项。BCOLOMBO,SriLanka(AP)—Duringhisleisuretime,MahindaDasanayakapackshismotorbikewithbooksandrideshismobilelibrary—acrossmostlymuddyroadsrunningthroughteagrowingmountainareas—tounderprivilegedchildreninbackwardruralpartsofSriLanka.Havingwitnessedthehardshipsfacedbychildrenwhosevillageshavenolibraryfacilities,Dasanayaka,achildprotectionofficerforthegovernment,waslookingforwaystohelpthem.Thenthreeyearsago,helaunchedhisprogram,called“BookandMe”.HepurchasedasecondhandHondamotorbikefor30,000SriLankanrupees($162),Onhisoffdays—mostlyduringweekends—herideshismotorbike,whichisfixedwithasteelboxtoholdbooks,toruralvillagesanddistributesthereadingmaterialtochildrenfreeofcharge.Hebegantheprogramin2017with150books—someofhisownandothersdonatedbyfriendscolleaguesandwellwishers.Hiscollectionincludesabout3,000booksonavarietyofsubjects.Sofar,hesaid,hisprogramhasbenefitedmorethan1,500children,aswellasabout150adults.“Iwantedtodosomethingforchildrenwhoareburdenedwithanexamcenterededucation...Andtochangethewaykidslookatsociety,tochangetheirperspectivesandbroadentheirimagination,”hesaid.Apartfromgivingawaybooks,Dasanayakaalsospeakstothechildrenforafewminutes,usuallyunderaroadsidetree,highlightingthevalueofreading,booksandauthors.Hethenconductsadiscussiononbooksthechildrenhaveread,withtheaimofeventuallyformingreadingclubs.WhileDasanayakaspendshisownmoneyonhisprogram,heisnotwealthy,withatakehomeineof20,000rupees($108)amonthfromhisjob.Hesaidhespendsaboutaquarterofthatongasolineforhismobilelibrary.4.HowdidDasanayakastart“BookandMe”?A.Withalargesumofmoney.B.Withausedmotorbikeand150books.C.Bysubscribingtobooksforchildren.D.Byborrowingasteelboxfromhisworkmate.5.WhatdoweknowaboutDasanayakafromhiswordsinParagraph5?A.Heisuncertainabouthisprogram.B.Heistryingtobetterkids’livingconditions.C.Heisseekingtochangekids’waysofthinking.D.Heisoptimisticabouttheexistingschoolingsystem.6.WhydoesDasanayakaholddiscussionsonbookskidsread?A.Tokeepintouchwiththem.B.Topreparetostartreadingclubs.C.Tochecktheirreadingassignments.D.Toknowabouttheirpreferencesofbooks.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AReadingProgram B.AnEducationOfficerC.ALibraryonWheels D.AMotorbikeonRoad【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了MahindaDasanayaka骑着他的二手摩托车载着移动图书馆到斯里兰卡落后农村地区，免费向贫困儿童分发阅读材料。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“HepurchasedasecondhandHondamotorbikefor30,000SriLankanrupees($162)(他花3万斯里兰卡卢比(162美元)买了一辆二手本田摩托车)”和第四段中“Hebegantheprogramin2017with150books—someofhisownandothersdonatedbyfriendscolleaguesandwellwishers.(2017年，他带着150本书开始了这个项目，其中一些是他自己的，另一些是朋友、同事和祝福者捐赠的)”可知，Dasanayaka用一辆二手摩托车和150本书开始了“书与我”这个活动项目。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段““Iwantedtodosomethingforchildrenwhoareburdenedwithanexamcenterededucation...Andtochangethewaykidslookatsociety,tochangetheirperspectivesandbroadentheirimagination,”hesaid.(“我想为那些受应试教育的孩子们做点什么……改变孩子们看待社会的方式，改变他们的视角，拓宽他们的想象力”)”可知，Dasanayaka正在试图改变孩子们的思维方式。故选C项。【6题详解】推细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Hethenconductsadiscussiononbooksthechildrenhaveread,withtheaimofeventuallyformingreadingclubs.(然后，他就孩子们读过的书进行讨论，目的是最终组建阅读俱乐部。)”可知，Dasanayaka举行关于孩子们所读书籍的讨论是为成立读书俱乐部准备。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了MahindaDasanayaka骑着他的二手摩托车载着移动图书馆到斯里兰卡落后农村地区，免费向贫困儿童分发阅读材料的故事，因此本文的最佳标题是“车轮上的图书馆”。故选C项。CYou'velikelyencounteredthehumblebragbeforeboasting（吹嘘）disguisedasaplaint,suchas："I'mhavingsuchastressfulday.IgottwojoboffersandIdon'tknowwhattodo.”Thisisatypicalexampleofhumblebragging,atermcoinedbyedicwriterHarrisWittelsreferringto“aspecifictypeofboastthatallowstheoffendertobroadcasttheirachievementswithoutthenecessaryshameandguiltthatshouldnormallyacpanysuchclaims.”Insimplerterms,it'sawaytodisguiseaboastwithsomehumility.Humblebraggingesintwodifferentforms.Thefirstishumilitybased,anexamplebeing,"can'tbelieveIgotthehighestgradeinmyclass”.Thesecondtypeesmixedwithabitofplaint,forexample,"Ican'tbelievethatshopkeeperaskedmeforID.I'm25!”Peopledon'tlikewhenothershumblebragbecausetheyfindtheyarelackinginsincerity.Sincerityisacriticaldimensionofsocialevaluation,whichisviewedasfundamentaltopeople'sidentity.Infact,peopleprizesincerityevenabovepetenceandwarmthinothers,accordingtoDr.Sezer.Ifhumblebraggingdoesn'twork,andnoonelikesit,whydowestilldoit?Weallwanttohighlightourpositivequalitieswithoutseemingproud.Byspeakinginaplaintoranexpressionofhumility,wehopewe'llsomehowlandonthe“sweetspot"ofselfpresentation：promotingourselveswhilealsoconveyinglikability.Inaddition,researchsuggeststhatpeoplemayexperiencepositiveemotionswhilehumblebragging.Consideringthatwe'realllikelytofeeltheurgetohumblebrag,atleasttosomeextent,theproperresponsewhenwehearafrienddoingitmaybetosimplyletitgobecauseultimatelywe'regoingtodoitourselves,andwhoreallywantstobecalledoutonit?8.Whichofthefollowingremarksisanexampleofhumblebragging?A.HowIhatehearingmyvoiceonTV!B.I'mthrilledtobeawardedthefirstprize.C.I'mtheonlypersontogetpromotedinthefirm.D.HowIdislikedoingthesamethingeveryday!9.Whichcanbestdescribepeople'simpressionofhumblebraggers?AHonest. B.Humble.C.Insincere. D.Incapable.10.Whydopeoplehumblebrag?A.Toliftuptheirspirits.B.Toexpresstheirplaints.C.Toimprovetheirmoralqualities.D.Toshowoffwithoutbringingannoyance.11.Whatarepeopleadvisedtodowhenhearinghumblebraggingfromafriend?A.Followitup. B.Leaveitalone.C.Turnagainstit. D.Gettotherootofit.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】本文是说明文。本文主要讲述了生活中可能遇到的谦虚地自夸的人的特征，及他们这么做的原因，并就遇到这些人提出了应对方法。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“You'velikelyencounteredthehumblebragbefore—boasting(吹嘘)disguisedasaplaint(你可能以前遇到过把吹嘘伪装成抱怨的人)”可知，humblebrag是指以抱怨的口气来吹嘘。再结合选项可知，A项“我多么讨厌在电视上听到我自己的声音啊”符合题意。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Peopledon'tlikewhenothershumblebragbecausetheyfindtheyarelackinginsincerity.(人们不喜欢别人以看似谦虚的方式自夸，因为他们发现他们缺乏诚意。)”可知，人们不喜欢别人谦虚地自夸，因为他们发现他们缺乏真诚。由此可知，谦虚地自夸的人给人的印象是不真诚的。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Weallwanttohighlightourpositivequalitieswithoutseemingproud.(我们都想突出我们的积极品质，而不显得骄傲。)”可知，我们都想要强调我们积极的品质，而看起来却不骄傲。由此推知，人们谦虚地自夸是为了不令人厌烦的炫耀自己。故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Consideringthatwe'realllikelytofeeltheurgetohumblebrag,atleasttosomeextent,theproperresponsewhenwehearafrienddoingitmaybetosimplyletitgobecauseultimatelywe'regoingtodoitourselves,andwhoreallywantstobecalledoutonit?(考虑到我们都有可能感到谦卑的冲动，至少在某种程度上，当我们听到一个朋友这样做时，正确的反应可能就是不管它——因为最终我们自己也会做它，谁真的想把它说出来呢)”可知，当我们听到朋友在谦虚地自夸时，不管它就好了。故选B。DThetwilightzone(朦胧地带)containsthelargestandleastexploredfishstocks(储备)oftheworld’soceans.Rangingfromjustbelow200metresto1,000metresdeep,itisaninterfacebetweenthewellstudiedsealifeinthesunlitzoneaboveandtheecosystemsofthedarkestterritorybelow.Ithasamajorroleinremovingcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereandstoringitforcenturiesorlonger.ThetwilightzoneisalsoknowntothelargestmigrationonEarth.Hugenumbersoffishesandzooplankton(浮游动物)movehundredsofmetrestowardsthesurfaceeachnighttofeed,beforewithdrawingbackdownatdawn.Yetthezoneispoorlyunderstood—physically,biogeochemicallyandecologically.Eventhenumberoforganismsthatlivethereremainsamystery,letalonetheirdiversityandfunction.Itisalarming,then,thatthisvastoceandomainisatriskinthreewaysevenbeforeanyofthepotentialconsequencesareunderstood.First,theworld’sgrowingpopulationhasanincreasingneedforfood.Second,seafloorminingformineralsandmetalscouldreleasewasteintotheregion.Andthird,climatechangeisvaryingtemperature,acidificationandoxygenlevelsinwaysthatarelikelytoaffectlifethere.ThetwilightzoneishardIostudy.Itsorganismsaredifficulttosampleandanalyse,beingthinlydistributed,almostinvisibleandoftenfragile.Theyalsoliveatpressuresofupto100atmospheres,whichposesproblemsforlaboratorybasedinvestigations.Criticsmightarguethatwalersnearcoastsandaboveshelvesaremoredeservingofstudy,giventhehugeenvironmentalpressuresthere,aswellastheirimportancetosocieties.And,ofcourse,theyneedattention.Sadly,however,itistoolatetoavoidwidespreadenvironmentaldamagetotheseinshoreregions.Instead,researcheffortsandlocalpoliciesmustaimatminimizingtheworsteffects.Bycontrast,thetwilightzoneisalmostleftinitsoriginalcondition.Moreover,themajorityofitliesbeyondnationaladministration.Thismakesitofmoninterestandresponsibility,andmeansthatglobalagreementisnecessarytomanageit.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetwilightzone?A.Ithastheleastfishstocks.B.Itreducesatmosphere’scarbondioxide.C.Itliesatthebottomofsea.D.Ilislocatedabovethesunlitzone.13.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellus?A.Whereglobalwarmingleadsus.B.Whyhighfoodconsumptionarises.C.Howthetwilightzoneisthreatened.D.Whatimpactspollutionhasonocean.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Thetwilightzone. B.Theinshorearea.C.Itsoriginalcondition. D.Nationaladministration.15.Whichstatementdoestheauthoragreewith?A.Internationalcooperationisessential.B.Inshoreregionsdeservemoreattention.C.Globalagreementhasbeenreached.D.Studyonthetwilightzoneisoutofthequestion.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海洋中的朦胧地带，指出了它面临的威胁性风险，呼吁国际合作。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ithasamajorroleinremovingcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereandstoringitforcenturiesorlonger.(它在从大气中去除二氧化碳并将其储存数百年或更久方面起着重要作用。)”可知，朦胧地带减少了大气中二氧化碳。故选B项。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Itisalarming,then,thatthisvastoceandomainisatriskinthreewaysevenbeforeanyofthepotentialconsequencesareunderstood.(然而，令人担忧的是，这片广阔的海洋领域正面临着三方面的风险——甚至在任何潜在后果被理解之前。)”以及下文描述了三点风险，可知，本段主要讲述了朦胧地带是如何受到风险威胁的。故选C项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Bycontrast,thetwilightzoneisalmostleftinitsoriginalcondition.Moreover,themajorityofitliesbeyondnationaladministration.(相比之下，朦胧地带几乎保持了原来的状态。此外，它的大部分问题超出了国家行政管理的范围。)”又提到朦胧地带几乎保持了原来的状态以及连词Moreover进一步补充的内容可知，划线词it指的是“Thetwilightzone(朦胧地带)”。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thismakesitofmoninterestandresponsibility,andmeansthatglobalagreementisnecessarytomanageit.(这使它具有共同利益和责任，并意味着有必要达成全球协议来管理它。)”可知，作者会同意“国际合作至关重要。”这种说法。故选A项。第二节（共5小题;每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thinkingaboutasummerjobaftergraduation?Asmorepeoplepeteforfeweropenings.you’llneedtodoyourresearchwriteagreatresume（简历）andgetreadyfortheinterview.Tofindajobthat'srightforyou,makealistofyourinterestsandstrengths,aswellasyourdislikes,andkeeptheminmindasyoulookforajob.Forexample,ifyoulovebooksorwriting,ajobinabookstoreorlibrarymightbeperfectforyou.___16___Youmightnotknowdetailsabouttheposition,butyoucanpreparebyresearchingthepanyitself.___17___Regardlessofthetypeofjobyou'reapplyingfor,agreatresumereallymakesyoustandout.Mostimportantly,presentthestrengthsinit.Itisaneffectivewaytohighlightyourstrongestskillsandencouragethehiringmanagertoreadmore.Havingajobexperienceonyourresumeincreasesthepossibilitytolandajobtoo.Ifnot,don'tworry—thereareplentyofotherthings,extracurricularorvoluntaryactivitiesyoucandotoimproveyourjobapplications.Makesuretheemailaddressandphonenumberincludeonyourapplication.___18___Whatdojobinterviewerslookfor?___19___Interviewerswanttohirecandidateswhoaresmart,whothinkquicklyandclearly,andwhocanexpressthemselvesandmunicatewell.Dressthepart—yourappearancealsoaffectsyourchancesofgettingthejob.___20___Thatmeansnosandals,jeans,orcutoffs.Evenifyou'llbescoopingicecreambehindacounter,ithelpstolookprofessionalfortheinterview.A.Babysittingisingreatneednowadays.B.Agoodresumeisyourbestjobhuntingtool.C.Thesedetailswillbeusedtocontactyouaboutinterviews.D.Aprecisedescriptionofhobbiesinyourresumeiscrucial.E.It'snotjustpreviousworkhistoryoruniqueskillsthatmatter.F.Whenyouheadoutforyourinterview,avoidlookingtoocasual.G.Butiflittlekidsdriveyoucrazy,ababysittingjobmaynotbeideal.【答案】16.G17.B18.C19.E20.F【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了找工作的方法以及面试的注意事项。【16题详解】上文“Tofindajobthat'srightforyou,makealistofyourinterestsandstrengths,aswellasyourdislikes,andkeeptheminmindasyoulookforajob.（为了找到一份适合你的工作，把你的兴趣和优势，以及你不喜欢的东西列一个清单，在找工作的时候把它们记在心里。）”说明填空处与人们对于工作的兴趣优势或者不喜欢的东西有关。G选项Butiflittlekidsdriveyoucrazy,ababysittingjobmaynotbeideal.（但如果小孩让你抓狂，保姆的工作可能并不理想。）与不喜欢的东西有关，符合文意。故选G项。【17题详解】下文“Regardlessofthetypeofjobyou'reapplyingfor,agreatresumereallymakesyoustandout.（不管你申请的是哪种类型的工作，一份好的简历真的会让你脱颖而出。）”说明好的简历的重要性。B选项Agoodresumeisyourbestjobhuntingtool.（一份好的简历是你找工作最好的工具。）符合下文文意。故选B项。【18题详解】上文“Makesuretheemailaddressandphonenumberincludeonyourapplication.（确保你的电子邮件地址和号码包括在你的申请。）”说明在申请里要填入联系方式方便联系面试。C选项Thesedetailswillbeusedtocontactyouaboutinterviews.（这些细节将用于与你联系面试。）符合文意。故选C项。【19题详解】上文“Whatdojobinterviewerslookfor?（面试官想要是什么?）”说明填空处是对于面试官想要的人才进行说明。下文“Interviewerswanttohirecandidateswhoaresmart,whothinkquicklyandclearly,andwhocanexpressthemselvesandmunicatewell.（面试官想要雇佣那些聪明的，能快速清晰地思考，能很好地表达自己和沟通的人。）”说明面试官不仅仅想要有经验的人，更想要聪明的人。E选项It'snotjustpreviousworkhistoryoruniqueskillsthatmatter.（重要的不仅仅是之前的工作经历或独特的技能。）符合上下文意。故选E项。【20题详解】下文“Thatmeansnosandals,jeans,orcutoffs.（也就是说不能穿凉鞋、牛仔裤或短裤。）”说明面试时穿着不能随意，是对填空处的补充。F选项Whenyouheadoutforyourinterview,avoidlookingtoocasual.（当你出门去面试的时候，避免穿得太随意。）符合文意。故选F项。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A22yearoldaircraftmaintenanceengineerlivinginDubai,ZachariahwasvisitingthesouthwestIndiastateofKeralaforafamilyweddingwhenalockdownwasdeclared.Storeshelveswereemptying,andhenceZachariahandhisfather___21___vegetablesontheirfamily'splotofland.UsingYouTubevideosandtechniquesZachariah'sgrandfatherhad___22___tohisfather___23___aguidetheybeganagardenthatfinallyhelped___24___20neighboringhouseholdsduringthepandemic（流行病）.Thetropical（热带的）climateofKerala,hesaid,___25___plentyofrainandsun,makingfarminghandsoff___26___it'stimetoharvest.ThatfreestyleoffarmingisinlinewithZachariah'sgrowing___27___insustainableagriculture,amovementthatpromotesworkingwithnatureinsteadofforcingthelandtoobeyman's___28___Whathedidn'trealizewasthata___29___hadbeenplanted,onethatwouldeventuallyleadhimto____30____hiscareerinengineeringandconsideroneinfarming.SoonafterreturningtoDubai,he'sdecidedto____31____careers,fromservingtheskiesto____32____thesoil."It'sabigchangeforme.Butthisiswhatmakesme____33____—helpingothersandbeinginnature."Thetimethey'vespenttogetherhasalsohelpedbringZachariahandhisfather____34____.“WestartedbondingandIthinkthat'swhyI____35____gardening,"Zachariahsaid.21.A.planted B.gathered C.consumed D.delivered22.A.takenover B.passeddown C.handedin D.workedout23.A.under B.with C.as D.without24.A.stimulate B.motivate C.clean D.feed25.A.stores B.provides C.shifts D.requires26.A.for B.while C.until D.though27.A.interest B.influence C.patience D.doubt28.A.passion B.habit C.purpose D.will29.A.vegetable B.tree C.seed D.flower30.A.rethink B.restore C.broaden D.treasure31.A.improve B.choose C.distinguish D.switch32.A.working B.loosening C.researching D.watering33.A.healthy B.wealthy C.happy D.confident34.A.richer B.closer C.busier D.stronger35.A.figuredout B.putoff C.ranacross D.gotinto【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.B26.C27.A28.D29.C30.A31.D32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了飞机维修工程师Zachariah在流行病期间和父亲一起种植蔬菜，养活了20户邻居。这件事让Zachariah感到很开心，不仅帮助了别人还融入了自然，所以对可持续发展农业产生兴趣，并决定转行。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：商店的货架空了，因此Zachariah和他的父亲在自家的地里种植蔬菜。A.planted种植；B.gathered聚集；C.consumed消费；D.delivered递送。根据前文的“Storeshelveswereemptying（商店的货架空了）”可知，Zachariah和他父亲买不到东西，买不到蔬菜，所以就在自家的地里种植蔬菜。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：利用YouTube上的视频和Zachariah的祖父传给他父亲的技术作为向导，他们开辟了一个菜园，最终在流行病期间养活了20户邻居。A.takenover接手；B.passeddown传下来；C.handedin上交；D.workedout解决。根据上文“techniques”、“Zachariah’sgrandfather”以及下文“aguide”等关键词，可知Zachariah应是借鉴YouTube上的相关视频以及祖父传给他父亲的技术，和他父亲开辟了一个菜园种菜。故选B项。【23题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：利用YouTube上的视频和Zachariah的祖父传给他父亲的技术作为向导，他们开辟了一个菜园，最终在流行病期间养活了20户邻居。A.under在……下面；B.with和……；C.as作为；D.without没有。根据上文“videosandtechniques”可知，视频和技术是提供指导作用的，作为向导的。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：利用YouTube上的视频和Zachariah的祖父传给他父亲的技术作为向导，他们开辟了一个菜园，最终在流行病期间养活了20户邻居。A.stimulate刺激；B.motivate激励；C.clean打扫；D.feed喂养、养活。根据上文“theybeganagarden”可知，Zachariah和父亲开辟了一个菜园种菜，说明设空处应是指种出来的菜可以养活20户邻居。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，喀拉拉邦的热带气候提供了充足的雨水和阳光，使得农民在收获季节之前不必再耕作。A.stores储存；B.provides提供；C.shifts转移；D.requires要求。根据上文“Thetropical（热带的）climateofKerala（Kerala的热带气候）”及下文“plentyofrainandsun（充足的雨水和阳光）”“makingfarminghandsoff（让农民可以放手）”可知，喀拉拉邦的气候是热带气候，雨水和阳光是很充足的，说明这种气候应是可以提供足够的雨水和阳光，让农民不用太操心。故选B项。【26题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他说，喀拉拉邦的热带气候提供了充足的雨水和阳光，使得农民在收获季节之前不必再耕作。A.for因为；B.while在……期间；C.until直到……；D.though尽管。根据上文“plentyofrainandsun（充足的雨水和阳光）”及“makingfarminghandsoff（让农民可以放手）”可知，喀拉拉邦的气候提供了优良的生长条件，让农民不用操心太多。说明应该是直到该收获的时候农民才需要干预一下。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种自由的耕作方式与Zachariah对可持续发展农业日益增长的兴趣是一致的，可持续发展农业旨在促进与自然合作，而不是强迫土地服从人类的意志。A.interest兴趣；B.influence影响；C.patience耐心；D.doubt怀疑。根据下文倒数第二段“SoonafterreturningtoDubai,he'sdecidedto___11___careers,fromservingtheskiesto___12___thesoil.（回到迪拜后不久，他决定（转变）职业，从为天空服务转为耕种土地）”“Butthisiswhatmakesme___13___—helpingothersandbeinginnature.（但这就是让我开心的原因——帮助别人、融入大自然。）”可知，这种自由耕作的可持续发展农业应是让Zachariah产生兴趣，才会有下文讲到的他转行的决定以及收获到的快乐。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种自由的耕作方式与Zachariah对可持续发展农业日益增长的兴趣是一致的，可持续发展农业旨在促进与自然合作，而不是强迫土地服从人类的意志。激情；习惯；目的；意愿、意志。根据上文“promotesworkingwithnature（促进与自然合作）”以及“insteadof”可知，“forcingthelandtoobeyman's___8___”与上文构成转折对比关系。由此可知，设空处应是指“违背人类的意愿”。故选D项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有意识到的是，一颗种子（指想法）已经播下，这颗种子最终会让他重新思考他在工程领域的职业生涯，并考虑在农业领域发展。A.vegetable蔬菜；B.tree树；C.seed种子；D.flower花。根据下文“onethatwouldeventuallyleadhimto___10___hiscareerinengineeringandconsideroneinfarming.（这会让他最终重新思考他在工程领域的职业生涯，并考虑在农业领域发展）”可知，下文是对设空处的说明解释，说明设空处应是指“会让Zachariah最终重新思考他在工程领域的职业生涯，并考虑在农业领域发展的种子（想法）”已经在他心中种下，生根发芽。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有意识到的是，一颗种子（指想法）已经播下，这颗种子最终会让他重新思考他在工程领域的职业生涯，并考虑在农业领域发展。A.rethink重新考虑；B.restore恢复；C.broaden使扩大；D.treasure珍爱。根据下文“consideroneinfarming”及“SoonafterreturningtoDubai,he'sdecidedto___11___careers,fromservingtheskiesto___12___thesoil.（回到迪拜后不久，他决定转变职业，从为天空服务转为耕种土地）”可知，Zachariah回到迪拜后不久就决定转变职业，由此可推出设空处应是指重新考虑职业生涯。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到迪拜后不久，他决定转变职业，从为天空服务转为耕种土地。A.improve提高；B.choose选择；C.distinguish区分；D.switch转变。根据上文“onethatwouldeventuallyleadhimto___10___hiscareerinengineeringandconsideroneinfarming（这会让他最终重新思考他在工程领域的职业生涯，并考虑在农业领域发展）”可知，Zachariah重新考虑了他的职业，说明设空处应是指转变、改变职业。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到迪拜后不久，他决定转变职业，从为天空服务转为耕种土地。A.working工作；B.loosening放松；C.researching研究；D.watering浇水。根据上文“onethatwouldeventuallyleadhimto___10___hiscareerinengineeringandconsideroneinfarming”可知，Zachariah考虑在农业领域发展，所以应是指从为天空服务转为在田间工作。故选A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这就是让我开心的原因——帮助别人、融入大自然。A.healthy健康的；B.wealthy富裕的；C.happy开心的；D.confident有信心的。根据上文“It'sabigchangeforme.（这对我来说是个很大的改变）”以及“But”可知，设空处与上文构成转折关系，说明虽然这对于Zachariah来说是个很大的转变，但却是让他开心的。故选C项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一起劳作的时间也拉近了Zachariah和他父亲的距离。A.richer更有钱；B.closer更亲密；C.busier更忙碌；D.stronger更强壮。根据上文“Thetimethey'vespenttogether（他们一起度过的时光）”，以及下文“Westartedbonding（我们开始建立感情）”，可知Zachariah和父亲开始建立感情，他们之间的关系应是更好了，更亲密了。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们开始建立感情，“我想这就是为什么我喜欢园艺（种植农作物）”，Zachariah说。A.figuredout解决；B.putoff推迟；C.ranacross偶然遇见；D.gotinto陷入、迷恋。根据上文倒数第二段“Butthisiswhatmakesme___13___—helpingothersandbeinginnature.（但这就是让我开心的原因——帮助别人、融入大自然）”以及下文“Westartedbonding（我们开始建立感情）”可知，Zachariah通过与父亲种菜让自己开心，同时还拉近了与父亲的关系。说明他应是喜欢园艺（种植农作物）的，他爱上了园艺。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thereareplacesonearththat___36___(puzzle)scientistsinthepastcenturiesandhavebeenthesubjectofmuchdiscussionaroundtheworld.TwoofthemostfascinatingplacesareEasterIslandandStonehenge.LyingintheSouthPacific,EasterIslandisoneofthemostisolatedplacesonearthandisfamousforthelargestonemonoliths(巨石)thatlineitscoast.Shapedlikehumanheads,thesestructures,___37___werecarvedbyancientpeople,rangein___38___(high)fromabout3.5to12meters.Today,about600stonesremain.OntheoppositesideoftheworldstandsStonehenge.ThisancientEnglishsiteisacollectionoflargestonesarranged___39___twocircles,oneinsidetheother.Althoughonlyruinsoftheoriginalformationexisttoday,archaeologistsbelievethattheinnercircleofbluestones,each___40___(weigh)about4tons,wasbuiltfirst.Thegiantstonesthatformtheoutercircle,___41___(know)assarsen(砂岩)stones,eachweighasmuchas50tons!Scientists___42___(current)believethatearlyPolynesiansresidentscarved___43___island'smonoliths—believedtobereligioussymbols—fromvolcanicrock,thenpulledthemtotheirdifferent___44___(location).AndtheenormousstonesatStonehenge____45____(transport)fromplacesaroundthecountry—someupto240milesaway.Scientistsconsiderthisaremarkableachievement,forheavyliftingequipmentusedinmodernconstructionwasnotavailableatthattime.【答案】36.havepuzzled/havebeenpuzzling37.which38.height39.in40.weighing41.known42.currently43.the44.locations45.weretransported【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要对世界上的巨石阵的地点及人文文化背景进行了相关的介绍。【36题详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的几个世纪里，地球上有很多地方困扰着科学家们。分析句子结构，onearth后是由that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词places，空处在从句中作谓语，此处强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或者动作从过去一直持续到现在而且还可能继续下去，所以用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，故填havepuzzled/havebeenpuzzling。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些形如人类头部，由古人雕刻的石像，其高度大约位于3.5米到12米之间。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词thesestructures（指物）并在从句中作主语，故填which。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：这些形如人类头部，由古人雕刻的石像，其高度大约位于米到12米之间。作介词in的宾语用名词，表抽象意义，不可数，故填height。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：这一古英格兰的地点集中了以两个圆圈排列的许许多多的巨石。固定短语arrangein意为“把……排列成，以顺序排列，以次序排列”，故填in。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然现在仅存原始地层的遗迹，但考古学家认为，内圈的青石，每个重约4吨，是首先建造的。分析可知，宾语从句中已有谓语动词wasbuilt，所以空处作后置定语修饰each，表示“重达”时，weigh的非谓语形式只有现在分词一种，故填weighing。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：形成外圈的巨石，每个重达50吨，被成为砂岩石，每个重达50吨！分析可知，此处使用非谓语形式作后置定语修饰giantstones，beknownas被称为，此处省略be，用过去分词作后置定语，故填known。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：科学家目前相信早期波利尼西亚原住民用火山岩雕刻了岛上被认为是宗教象征的巨石。分析句子结构，修饰动词believe应使用副词，故填currently。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：科学家目前相信早期波利尼西亚原住民用火山岩雕刻了岛上被认为是宗教象征的巨石。根据语境，这些岛上的巨石并非第一次在文中出现，此处特指这些巨石，故填the。【44题详解】考查名词的数。句意：这些原住民接着把它们拉到不同的地点。different修饰可数名词复数，故填locations。【45题详解】考查时态语态。句意：巨石阵里的这些巨石被从整个国家的各个地方运过来。分析句意，此处这些巨石是“被运输的”，应使用被动语态，主语为复数，且发生在过去，故填weretransported。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.某中学生英文报正举办“TheSportILikeBest”的征文活动，请用英文写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.介绍你喜欢的一项运动项目；2.陈述喜欢该项运动的理由。注意：80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.TheSportILikeBest____________________________