2023年湖南省常德市中考英语试卷真题（含答案）

常德市2023年初中学业水平考试（中考）英语(满分100分,考试时间90分钟)第I卷第一部分阅读技能(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)阅读下面的材料,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答问题。AManyinjuries(伤害)happensuddenly.Forexample,ifyoufalloffabicycleandbreakyourarm,ithappensveryquickly.Butcomputerinjurieshappenslowly.YoureyesToomuchlightcaninjureyoureyes,soneversittooclosetoacomputerscreen.Youreyesshouldbeatleast50centimetersfromthescreen.Remembertolookawayfromitsometimes.Thisgivesyoureyesarest.Whenyouuseacomputer,thewindowshouldbeonyourleftoryourright.Ifitisbehindyou,thelightwillreflect(反射)onthescreen.Ifthewindowsareinfrontofyou,thesunandthescreenwillbothshineintoyoureyes.Handandwrist(手腕)injuriescanhappenbecausethehandsandwristsaremovedinthesamewayhundredsoftimes.Ifyouuseakeyboardforalongtime,followthesethreerules:(1)Restyourwristsonsomething.(2)Keepyourelbowsatthesameheightasthekeyboard.(3)Stopsometimesandexerciseyourhands,wristsandfingersinadifferentway.YourbackSomepeoplesitformanyhoursinfrontofacomputer.Ifyousitinawrongway,youcaninjureyourbackoryourneck.Soyoushouldsitwithyourbackstraight.Thetoppartofthescreenshouldbeinfrontofyoureyes.Yourforearms,wristsandhandsshouldallbeparallel(平行)tothefloor.Ifyouaresittingforalongtime,getupevery30minutesandexerciseyourarms,legsandneck.Enjoyyourcomputer,butuseitsafely.1.Whichkindofinjuriesmayhappenslowly?A.Youuseyourcomputercorrectly.B.Youfalloffabicycleandbreakyourarm.C.Yousitinawrongwayformanyhoursinfrontofacomputer.2.Howfarshouldyoukeepyoureyesfromthescreen?A.Atleast30cm. B.Atleast50cm. C.Atleast70cm.3.Whichcanbestbefor“”?A.Yourhandsandwrists. B.Yourheadandneck. C.Yourlegsandfeet.4.Whatdoesthewritertellusinthepassage?A.You’dbetternotusethecomputer.B.Enjoyyourcomputer,butuseitsafely.C.Keepawayfromthecomputertobesafe.BIrwinCoreywasafamousAmericanfilmactor.Buttoday,thestoryyouwillreadisnotabouthisachievementsinfilmbutabouthisbegging(乞讨)life.HebecameabeggaronceandoftenwalkedinthestreetsofManhattan.Heworeoldandbrokenclothes.Hewasverythinandseemedtobeweak,lookinglikeapoorhomelessoldman.Heonlyaskedforsomechangefrompassingdrivers,andthenhegavethedriverafreecopyofthenewspaperhebought.Eachtimeheaskedformoney,hewasalwayssmilingandalsotoldjokestothedrivers.Thedriversthoughthimkindandhumorous,sotheyneverlethimgoempty-handed.Althoughallthemoneyhebeggedwascoins,hestillmadelotsofmoneyattheendoftheday.IrwinCoreyhadbeenbeggingformoneyformanyyears.However,hedidn’tspendanyofthemoneyhehadaskedfor.Everytimethemoneywasuptoacertainamount(量),hedonatedittoacharitywhichboughtmedicalsuppliesforCubanchildren.For17years,hedonatedallhishard-earnedmoneytothecharity.Hewasnotshortofmoney.Helivedina$3.5millionbighouse.Hewasnotabeggar,either.“Ontheonehand,Ijustwanttohelppeopleinneed.Ontheotherhand,beggingcanmakemefeelnotlonely,asmywifehadpassedaway,”hesaid.5.Whatisthestoryabout?A.Irwin’sachievementsinfilms. B.Irwin’sbegginglife. C.Irwin’spoorlife.6.Whichcanbesttaketheplaceof“A”inthethirdparagraph?A.Hebeggedformoneyinaspecialway.B.Hethoughtthedriverswererich.C.Hewasasuccessfulfilmstar.7.WhatdidthedriversthinkofIrwinCorey?A.Friendlybutlonely. B.Kindandfamous. C.Kindandhumorous.8.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Irwinwasactuallyrich. B.Irwinwasapoorhomelessoldman. C.Irwindonatedallhismoneytocharity.CToysandgamesarefun,butinventingthemisseriousbusiness.Bigtoycompaniestreatitevenmoreserious,becausethemoretoystheysell,themoremoneytheymake.Theyhaveadultswhodonothingbutthinkupnewtoys.Sometimestheyevenworkinlockedroomssonoonecanstealtheirideas!Butnoteverynewtoyisinventedthatway.Someofthebestinventionsaremadebykids.Thirteen-year-oldCaseylovedtoplaygolf.Heinventedawaytomakethegamemorefun.Heinventedanewgolftee(球座).ItiscalledtheBiotees.Mostgolfteesaremadefromwood,butCasey’steeismadeoutofrecycledpaper.Itdoesnotharmtheenvironment.Caseystartedhisowncompanytomakehisnewtee.He’salreadyhadordersformillionsofthem.Jessicainventedatoywhenshewasonlyeight.Jessicalikestojumprope.Shejumpsaloneandshejumpswithfriends.Tojumpalone,youneedashortrope.Withfriends,youneedalongrope.SoJessicainventedanewkindofjumprope.ThelengthofJessica’sjumpropecanbemodified(调整).Itcanbemadelongtojumpwithfriends.Oritcanbemadeshorttojumpalone.Whenyoufinishjumping,youcaneventurnthejumpropeintoabelt.NowJessicahasabusinesstosellherjumpropes.Doyouhaveagreatideaforanewinvention?Giveyourideaatry.ItmaybecomethenextBioteeorlatestjumpropes.9.Whydosomeadultsworkinlockedroomswhentheythinkupnewtoys?A.Tokeeptheirideasfrombeingstolen. B.Toinventmoretoys. C.Tomakemoremoney.10.WhatisCasey’sgolfteemadeoutof?A.Wood. B.Gold. C.Recycledpaper.11.HowoldwasJessicawhensheinventedthenewkindofjumprope?A.13. B.10. C.8.12.Whommaythewritercallontotryideasfornewinventions?A.Teachers. B.Kids. C.Parents.DIndoorandoutdoorgardeninghasbecomemoreandmorepopular.Ithelpsusbuildastrongerconnection(连接)withnatureandmakesusfeelmorerelaxed.Gardeningisreportedtobegoodfortheenvironmentandwildlife.Gardensofferahometowildlife.Theyalsoactaspassagesfornature,allowingwildlifetomovefromoneplacetothenext.Onestudyfoundthatgardeningfor30minutescanbecomparedwithplayingbadminton,volleyballorpracticingyoga.Gardeningcanimproveyourmoodinlotsofways.Ifyoufeelnervousorworried,lookingafterplantscanhelptokeepyourmindonsomethingelse.Watchingaseed(种子)growintoahealthyplantcanmakeyoufeelhappyandsatisfied.Accordingtoastudy,peoplewhogarden2-3timesaweekhavea6.6%higherhappinessscoreand4.2%lowerstresslevelcomparedtopeoplewhodon’tgardenatall.Gardeningisagreatwaytoconnectwithnatureandpeople.Whenyouarenewtoaplace,youcangettoknowyourneighborsbysharingfruitorvegetablesyougrowwiththem.Anditisaneasywaytostartconversationsandshowhowfriendlyyouare.Youcouldalsofindfriendswiththesamehobbyinthegardeningclub.Ifthere’snoclub,startyourowngardeningclubandinviteyourfriendstojoinyou.Whynotgetsomefreshairandtrytogrowsomethingrightnow?13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“passages”inParagraph2mean?A.文章 B.家园 C.通道14.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinthe“”?A.Itisfriendlytothem. B.It’salsogreatforyourhealth. C.Itmakesabigdifferencetoourlife.15.Accordingtothestudy,howdopeoplefeelwhentheygarden2-3timesaweek?A.Morepleased. B.Morestressed. C.Lessrelaxed.16.Howcanyoueasilyconnectwithyourneighborswhenyouarenewtoaplace?A.Bysharingfruitorvegetablesyougrow.B.Byinvitingthemtojoinaclub.C.Bygrowingsomething.EAreyousometimesalittletiredandsleepyintheearlyafternoon?Manypeoplefeelthiswayafterlunch.Theymaythinkthateatinglunchisthecauseofthesleepiness.Or,insummer,theymaythinkitistheheat.However,therealreasonliesinsidetheirbodies.Atthattime,abouteighthoursafteryouwakeup,yourbodytemperaturegoesdown.Thisiswhatmakesyouslowdownandfeelsleepy.Inmanypartsoftheworld,peopletakenaps(打盹)inthemiddleoftheday.Thisisespeciallytrueinwarmerweather,inwhichtheheatmakesworkdifficultintheearlyafternoon.Researchersarenowsayingthatnapsaregoodforeveryoneinanyweather.Adailynapgivesoneamorerestedbodyandmind,whichisgoodforhealthingeneral.Incountrieswherenapsaretraditional,peopledon’toftenhaveproblemssuchasheartdisease.Manyworkingpeople,unluckily,havenotimetotakenaps.Thoughdoctorsmayadvisetakingnaps,employers(老板)donotallowit!Ifyoudohavethechance,however,hereareafewtipsaboutmakingthemostofyournap.Rememberthatthebesttimetotakeanapisabouteighthoursafteryougetup.Ashortsleeptoolateinthedaymayonlymakeyoufeelmoretiredandsleepyafterwards.Ifyoudonothaveenoughtime,tryashortnap—eventenminutesofsleepcanbehelpful.17.Whydoyousometimesfeelsleepyintheearlyafternoon?A.It’sveryhotinsummer.B.Youeattoomuchforlunch.C.Yourbodytemperaturegoesdownatthattime.18.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”meaninthesecondparagraph?A.Theheatmakesworkdifficultintheearlyafternoon.B.Napsaregoodforeveryoneinanyweather.C.Peopletakenapsinthemiddleoftheday.19.Accordingtothepassage,what’sthebesttimetotakeanapifyougetupat6a.m.?A.At11a.m. B.At2p.m. C.At4p.m.20.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AllForaNap B.JustForaRest C.ASpecialSleep第二部分知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iusedtobeshyandmyfirstdayatthenewschoolmademelooksillyinfrontoftheclass.The21sentmetotheblackboardtowritemynameandaddress.Iknewmynameandaddress,22howtospellthem,knewhowtowritethem,23standingattheblackboardwiththeeyesofthemanygirlsandboyslookingatmemademenervous.Iwas24towriteasingle(单个的)letter.“Writedownyourname,”theteachersaidtome.Iliftedthewhitechalktothe25.AsIwasabouttowritemyname,mymindwent26.Icouldnotremembermyname,noteventhe27letter.“Justforgetaboutusandwriteyournameandaddress,”saidtheteacher.Iwantedtowritebutmyhand28tomove.Thechildrenbegantowhisper(低声说).“Don’tyouknowyourname?”askedtheteacher.Ilookedatherandcouldnotanswer.Theteacherstoodupandwalkedtomyside,29metogivemeconfidence.Sheputherhandsoftly30myshoulderandasked,“What’syourname?”“RichardWright,”Iwhispered.AndthenI31mynameveryquickly.“Now,canyouwrite?”“Yes,madam.”32,Iturnedtotheblackboard.Iwrotemynameandaddressdown33andcorrectly.“Goodboy.Youmaygoto34seat,”saidtheteacher.TodayIcanstillremembermyteacher’swordsand35.Theymeantalottome.21.A.teacher B.monitor C.student22.A.forgot B.knew C.remembered23.A.and B.but C.or24.A.silly B.ready C.unable25.blackboard B.desk C.notebook26.calm B.clear C.empty27.A.first B.second C.last28.A.started B.refused C.wanted29.A.staringat B.shoutingat C.smilingat30.A.in B.on C.to31.A.called B.spelled C.wrote32.A.Again B.Then C.Suddenly33.A.carelessly B.nervously C.quickly34.A.his B.my C.your35.A.encouragement B.lesson C.praise第II卷第二节语法填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面的材料,在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(1个或几个单词),使句子通顺正确。36.—Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?—Iwanttobe________actor.37.—Howoftendoyouwatchthegameshow?—________(two)aweek.38.—Look!Whataretheboysdoing?—Theyv(play)basketball.39.—Whatdidyoudoinclassthismorning,Sally?—Wehada________(discuss),aboutChineseculture.40.Thecarisold,butitstillrunsvery________(good).41.—Whatareyouusuallydoing________aquartertoeightinthemorning?—Generally,Iamhavingmybreakfastathome.42.TheYangtzeRiverisoneof________(long)riversintheworld.43.—DoyouknowthebookBetweenaRockandaHardPlace?—Yes,it________(write)byAronRalston.44.—What’syourpredictionaboutthefuture?—Ithinkthere________(be)lesspollution.45.________it’snormaltowantsuccessfulchildren,it’sevenmoreimportanttohavehappychildren.Oneevening,acleverman,Haojiawenttogetsomewater.Tohissurprise,46helookedintothewell,hefoundthemooninit.“Oh,mygod!Thebeautifulmoon47(drop)intothewell!”Hequicklyputhisbucket(水桶)intothewelltofishforthemoon.Aftersometime,Haojiawaspleased48(find)thatthemoonwasinthebucket.Hebegantopull.Hepulledsohardthattheropeonthebucket49(break)andhefellonhisback.Facingthesky,Haojiasawthemoonagainhighthere.“Aha,50finallycamebacktothesky!Whatagoodjob!”Hefeltveryhappyandtoldeveryoneaboutthewondermentproudly.第三部分综合技能(共三节,满分30分)第一节英汉互译(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)阅读短文,将文中画线部分译成汉语或英语。Asthesayinggoes,“51.Dowellandhavewell.”Liz’slifewaschangedforeverthatyear.Itallstartedwithherkindnesstowardstwostrangers.Oneearlymorning,theywalkedintothedinerwheresheworked.TimandPaulsteppedintothe130Dinerforbreakfastaftertheyfoughtaterriblefirefor12hours.52.当付餐费的时候,他们很惊讶。Theyoungwaitresshadpaidtheirbill,leavingasweetmessageontheirbillinstead,“Yourmealisonmetoday.Thankyouforservingpeopleandrunningintotheplaceseveryonerunsawayfrom.”Touched,thetwofirefighterssharedherkindactiononsocialmedia.Itspreadquickly.Andlatertheyfoundoutthetruestoryofthewaitresswhohadpaidfortheirmeal.LizWoodwardhadbeentryingtomakealiving.Herfatherwasparaplegic(瘫痪的)becauseofabrainillness.53.他们决定帮助这位女士。Theysetupacampaign(运动)toraise$10000forawheelchair-accessiblecarforherfather.Thedonations,however,didnotstopwhenthecampaignended.Afterhearingofherkindness,MobilityVentures,thewheelchair-accessiblecarsproducers,refusedtotakethemoney.54.Instead,theygavethefamilyacarforfreeasaChristmasgift.Lizwassogratefultothetwofirefightersandmanystrangerswhohavereachedouttohelpher,saying,“55.Allthekindnessisreallyunbelievable!Ihopethisbringshopetootherpeopleinsimilarsituations.”51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 第二节回答问题(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面材料,然后根据材料内容简要回答下列问题。John:Hey,Kate,whyweren’tyouattheschoolbasketballcompetitionyesterday?Icalledyousomanytimes,butyoudidn’tanswer.Kate:Sorry,John.Ileftmyphoneathome.John:Whatwereyoudoingatthetimeofthecompetition?Kate:Well,Ileftmyhouselateandwhenthecompetitionstarted,Iwasstillmakingmywaytoschool.John:Thenwhathappened?Kate:WhenIgottothebusstop,Irealizedthatmybagwasstillathome!John:Butwhydidn’tyoujustgohometogetyourbag?Kate:Idid,butwhileIwasrunningbackhome,Isawadogbythesideoftheroadanditwashurt.John:Oh,soI’msure,youhelpedthedog.Iknowhowmuchyouloveanimals.Kate:Yes,IwantedtocalltheAnimalHelpline,butIdidn’thavemyphonesoIhadtowaitsomeonetowalkby.ThenIusedhisphonetocallthehelpline.John:OK.Nowonderyoudidn’tmakeittothecompetition.Kate:Yes,I’msosorryIwasn’ttheretocheeryouon,butI’mhappythatyourteamwon!56.WasKateattheschoolcompetitionyesterday? 57.WhatwasKatedoingwhenthecompetitionstarted? 58.WhendidKaterealizethatherbagwasathome? 59.WheredidKatefindthedog? 60.Whohel