江苏专版2023-2024学年新教材高中英语Unit1Backtoschool素养培优练一牛津译林版必修第一册

素养培优练（一）Ⅰ.阅读理解APhilipwasanine-year-oldboyinaSundayschoolclassof8-year-oldgirlsandboys.Sometimesthethirdgradersdidn'twelcomePhilipintotheirgroupandusuallytrickedhim.Thiswasnotbecausehewasolder,butbecausehewas“different”.Yousee,PhilipsufferedfromaconditioncalledDowns'sSyndrome.Thismadehim“different”,withhisfacialcharacteristics,slowresponsesandmentalproblems.OneSundayafterEaster,theSundayschoolteachergatheredsomeplasticeggsthatpulledapartinthemiddle.Theteachergaveonetoeachchild.Onthatbeautifulspringday,thechildrenweretogooutanddiscoverforthemselvessomesymbolof“newlife”andplaceitinsidetheplasticeggs.Afterthechildrenreturnedtotheclassroom,theteacheropenedtheireggsonebyone,askingeachchildtoexplainthatsymbolof“newlife”.Thefirstopenedtheeggcontainedaflower.Everyonecheered.Inanotheronewasabutterfly...Whentheteacheropenedthelastegg,itwasempty.“That'sstupid,”saidsomeone.Theteacherfeltapullathisshirt.ItwasPhilip.Lookingup,Philipsaid,“It'smine.Ididit.It'sempty.Ihavenewlife,becausethetombisempty.”Notasoundwasheardinclassatall.Fromthatdayon,Philipbecamearealpartofthegroup.Theywelcomedhim,andwhatevermadehimdifferentwasnevermentionedagain.Philip'sfamilyknewhewouldn'tlivealonglife,forthereweretoomanythingswrongwithhim.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“condition”inPara1probablymean?A.Grade. B.Decision. C.Disease. D.Health.2.Whatdidtheteacherleteachchilddoaftergivingthemoneplasticegg?A.Putsomesymbolof“newlife”intoit. B.Playaroundonthatbeautifulspringday.C.Trytopullitapartinthemiddle. D.Gooutanddiscoverthemselves.3.WhathappenedafterPhilipexplainedhisnewlife?A.Theclassthoughthewasclever. B.Hebegantostudyintheclass.C.Theclassfellsilent. D.Hefeltdying.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Theteacherusedtohaveclassesoutdoors.B.Philip'snewlifewishwasempty.C.Philipwashealthyasawhole.D.Philipwasacceptedbyhisclassmatesintheend.B[2023·江苏南通期末统考]Howgoodareyouatmaths?Somepeoplelovethechallengeofalgebra（代数）orenjoyworkingoutnumberpuzzles.Mathsisallaroundus,fromworkingouthowtosharethebillafterameal,tocalculatingyourfamilybills.Butmanyareafraidofthemomentwhentheyhavetodealwithnumbersandfiguresandfeelarealsenseofworryandconfusion.Itcanseemfrightening,butthismathsanxietyisperfectlynormal,andyou'redefinitelynotalone.Andanyway,ourworriesandfearsdon'tnecessarilyreflectourability.Theproblemreallystartsinchildhood,atschool.Researchhasfoundthatmathsteacherswhoarenervousaboutteachingthesubjectcanpassontheiranxietytothepupils,andgirlsmaybemorelikelytobeaffected.TheProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessmentfoundaround31%of15-and16-year-oldsacross34countriessaidtheygotverynervousdoingmathsproblems,33%saidtheygottensedoingmathshomework,andnearly60%saidtheyworriedthatmathsclasseswouldbedifficult.ShulamitKahn,aprofessorfromBostonUniversity,believesthatgivingstudents,particularlygirls,goodrolemodelsiscritical,especiallyatayoungage.Shethinksthekeyistogetpeople,especiallywomenwholovemaths,toteachyoungerchildren.WritingfortheBBC,DavidRobsonsays,“It'snotclearwhymathscausessomuchfearcomparedtogeography.Butthefactthatthere'snoroomforplayingtricksmightmakeyoumoreworriedaboutunderperforming.”Andonceweassumethatwe'renotamathsperson,weavoidsolvingthingsthatweprobablycoulddo.Psychologistshavebeentryingtoworkoutwhymentalarithmetic（心算）canbringusoutinasweat.Thatseedoffearmaycomefrommanysources,butsomesuggestthatvoicingyourfearscanloosentheircontroloveryou.Theyalsosuggestencouragingchildrentoseeamathstestasachallenge,notathreat.Mostimportantly,weneedtothinkpositivelyaboutmathsandgiveitasecondchance.5.Whatistheauthor'sunderstandingofmathsanxietyinParagraph1?A.Ithappenswhenyouhavetopaybillsafterameal.B.Itactuallyreflectsone'spoorperformanceinmaths.C.Onlystudentsoftensufferfromthissenseofworry.D.Peoplenormallyhaveitwhendealingwithnumbers.6.Whatmaycausestudents'mathsanxietyaccordingtotheresearch?A.Theparticularfeatureofmaths. B.Thefearoffailureinmathstests.C.Students'dislikeoflearningmaths. D.Mathsteachers'lackofconfidence.7.WhatcanweinferfromDavidRobson'swords?A.Geographyseldomcausesworry. B.Slowstudentshavemathsanxiety.C.Dishonestyisdifficultinmathstests. D.Mathsstudentslikenumberpuzzles.8.Whatisthebestwaytogetovermathsanxiety?A.Speakingoutyourfearsinpublic. B.Employingfemalemathsteachers.C.Havingapositiveattitudetomaths. D.Viewingmathstestsasachallenge.Ⅱ.七选五[2023·河北张家口期末统考]Withthesuddenchangetoonlinelearningespeciallywithinthelastcoupleofyears,therehavebeenquiteafewproblemsforstudentsandteachersaswell.1Whenstudentsarelearningfromthecomfortoftheirownbedrooms,itcanbedifficulttofeelproductive.After5minutesofstudying,thestudentsmayfindthemselvespickingupthephonetolookthroughsocialmediaplatforms.2Teachersconstantlyfindstudentslack（缺乏）thedrivetolearnsomethingnew.Whenstudentsfindnomotivationtolearn,study,orfocusduringthelesson,itcanbediscouragingforteachersaswell.Inatraditionalclassroom,sometimesteacherswouldallow10-minutebreaksbetweenthelessons.3Usually,teachersalsoarrangepair-basedactivitiesthatletstudentsworktogethertowardsacommongoal.Thissocialmethodisquiteimportantforliftingclassmorale（士气）andbuildingcompanionship.Theproblemwithonlinelearningisthatteachersgenerallypaylittleattentiontothisfactorastheyconcentrateondeliveringtheclasscontentonly.ThepoorInternetconnectionisanotherchallengefacedbystudentsinonlinelearning.4Thiscanbeannoyingforstudents.TheyaresometimesforcedoutofZoomroombecausetheInternetserviceisnotworkingwell.Besidestechnicalproblemsinonlinelearning,teacherssometimesstrugglewiththeclassdiscipline（纪律）inavirtualenvironment.5Teachersmayfeeldiscouragedwhentheyrealizetheyareexplainingsomethingbutthestudentsarenotfollowing.So,allthepossiblesolutionsshouldbefoundtogetthebestresultsforthestudents.A.It'sdifficultforthemtokeepupwiththeteacher.B.Studentsaregenerallybeyondtheirteachers'control.C.Oneproblemthatstandsoutispoortimemanagement.D.Thisoftenencouragesstudentstocommunicatewithoneanother.E.Gettingusedtoanonlinelearningenvironmentcanbeabitdifficult.F.Attheendoftheday,theyrealizethattheyhaven'tstudiedproperly.G.That'swhywe'lldiscussthemostcommonproblemsofonlinelearning.Ⅲ.完形填空Oneday,aprofessorenteredhisclassroomandaskedhisstudentstoprepareforasurprisetest.Theyallwaited1attheirdesksfortheexamtobegin.Theprofessor2theexampaperswiththetextfacingdownasusual.Oncehehandedthemallout,heaskedthestudentsto3thepapers.Toeveryone'ssurprise,therewere4questions—justablackdotinthecenterofthepaper.Theprofessor,seeingtheexpressionsoneveryone'sfaces,toldthemthefollowing，“Iwantyoutowriteaboutwhatyouseethere.”Thestudents,5,gotstartedontheverytask.Attheendoftheclass,theprofessortookalltheexams,readingeachoneofthemloudinfrontofallthestudents.Allofthem,without6,describedtheblackdot（小圆点）,tryingtoexplainitspositioninthecenterofthesheet.Afterallhadbeenread,theclassroom7,theprofessorstartedtoexplain，“I'mnotgoingtogradeyouonthis;Ijustwanttogiveyousomethingtothinkabout.Noonewroteaboutthe8partofthepaper.”“Everyonefocusedontheblackdot—andthe9thinghappensinourlives.10,weinsistonfocusingonlyontheblackdot—thehealthissuesthattroubleus,thelackof11,thecomplicated（复杂的）friendshipwithafamilymember,thedisappointmentwithafriend.Thedarkspotsarevery12whencomparedtoeverythingwehaveinourlives,buttheyaretheonesthat13ourminds.14youreyesawayfromtheblackdotsinyourlives.Enjoyeachoneofyourblessings,eachmomentthatlifegivesyou.Be15andlivealifefilledwithlove!”1.A.happily B.guiltily C.anxiously D.lazily2.A.handedout B.carriedout C.leftout D.putout3.A.burndown B.turnover C.turnout D.turnto4.A.some B.any C.many D.no5.A.sad B.confused C.angry D.fun6.A.expectation B.surprise C.exception D.doubt7.A.bright B.noisy C.crowded D.silent8.A.black B.central C.white D.most9.A.different B.same C.unique D.easy10.A.However B.Therefore C.Thus D.Moreover11.A.problem B.money C.food D.skill12.A.great B.tiny C.big D.important13.A.pollute B.create C.relax D.help14.A.Drive B.Put C.Take D.Bring15.A.healthy B.generous C.lovely D.happy素养培优练（一）Ⅰ.阅读理解1.C[解析]词义猜测题。根据第一段最后两句可知，Downs'sSyndrome是一种使他面部出现特殊的特征、反应迟钝和精神问题的疾病。由此可推断，condition与disease意思相近。2.A[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，老师给每个孩子一个塑料蛋，孩子们往蛋里边加入一些“新生命”的象征。3.C[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第三句“Notasoundwasheardinclassatall.”可知，菲利普的一席话之后，全班鸦雀无声。4.D[解析]推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知，从那天起，菲利普成为这个团体真正的一部分。他们欢迎他，他与众不同的地方再也没有被提起过。因此，菲利普最后被同学们接纳为团体中的一员。故选D项。【语篇导读】本文主要记述了周日学校的老师通过一次活动，使患有唐氏综合征的菲利普被他的同学们接受的故事。5.D[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段第四、五句可知，许多人害怕面对数字，感到真正的担忧和困惑。数学焦虑看起来很可怕，但其实是非常常见的现象，绝对不止你一个人有类似的情况。因此，数学焦虑是很常见的，人们在和数字打交道时通常会有这种感觉。6.D[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，这项研究发现，老师教数学时感到焦虑，即缺乏教数学的自信，就会让学生也对学数学产生焦虑。7.C[解析]推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，没有机会让你耍花招会让你更加担心考试考得不如意。由此可推断，学生在数学考试时比较难作弊。8.C[解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，最重要的是，我们需要积极看待数学，再给数学一次机会。因此，克服数学焦虑最重要的是对数学的态度要积极向上。【语篇导读】本文主要介绍产生数学焦虑的原因以及如何克服数学焦虑。Ⅱ.七选五1.C[解析]下文提到学生们在自己的卧室学习时，效率不高，时间分配不合理。空处为本段的主旨大意句，应该与时间有关，故C项“一个突出的问题是时间管理不善”符合语境。2.F[解析]空前讲了学生们在自己的卧室学习时，效率不高，时间分配不合理，空处说明这样会带来的后果。F项“一天下来，他们意识到自己没有好好学习”符合语境。3.D[解析]根据第四段第一句可知，在传统的课堂上，有时老师会在课间休息10分钟。空处承接前文说明这样做的好处：会让学生们在休息时间互相交流。D项中This指代前文中“sometimesteacherswouldallow10-minutebreaksbetweenthelessons”这件事情。4.A[解析]本段主要介绍互联网信号差会影响学生的在线学习。空处进一步说明糟糕的互联网连接给学生的线上学习所带来的不好影响。A项“他们很难跟上老师的步伐”符合语境。5.B[解析]上文提到了classdiscipline，空处承接上文说明在线学习出现纪律失控的原因，那就是学生们不受老师的控制。【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了学生们在网课学习期间常见的一些问题。Ⅲ.完形填空1.C[解析]根据上文中的“andaskedhisstudentstoprepareforasurprisetest”可知，这次考试是一次突击考试，学生们应该没有做好准备，所以心情是焦虑的。2.A[解析]根据后面一句中的“Oncehehandedthemallout”可知，教授像往常一样把试卷正面朝下发下去。3.B[解析]他把试卷发完后，就让学生们把试卷翻过来。根据前面一句中的“withthetextfacingdown”可知，教授发的试卷正面是朝下的，所以让学生们把试卷翻过来。4.D[解析]根据本句