考研《英语一》黑龙江省大兴安岭地区漠河县2023年预测试卷含解析

考研《英语一》黑龙江省大兴安岭地区漠河县2023年预测试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Ilearnedaboutlifefromanantfarm.WhenIwassevenyearsold,myfamilytriedto__1__anantfarmathome.First,weputcleansandinathinglassbox,andthenwebroughtsomeantsfromthebackyardandplacedthemintothe__2__home.Shortlyafterthenew__3__weredroppedintotheglassstructure,theygottoworkmakingtunnels.Iwasamazedthateachoneknew__4__whattodo.Afterhoursofstaring,Irealizedthattheantshadparticulargivenjobs.Withmymom’shelp,Ikeptajournalofwhathappenedeachdayand__5__theants.Myfavoritewasthebiggest,Cinderella.Idrewapictureofherinmyjournal,whichIstillhave.Ondayfiveadisaster__6__theantfarm.WhileIwas__7__theants,IhadputmyfacesoclosetothestructurethatIaccidentallytippeditover,__8__inallthetunnels.Althoughtheants__9__theirearthquake,onebyonetheybegantodie.Iwas__10__asIwatchedthemgiveuptheirtunnel-buildingtocarrythebodiestoacornerofthefarm.Mymotherreportedthattheantsweredyingof“frustration”—feelingannoyedandimpatientastheycouldn’tcontrolthesituation.Theysimplycouldnot__11__therealitythattheirtunnelshadbeendestroyed.Cinderellawasthelasttodie;shedidsowhilecarryingadeadantonherback.Althoughmuchtimehaspassed,Istillthinkofthatantfarm.Momhadhopeditwouldteachmeaboutthenaturalworld,__12__ittaughtmemuchmore.__13__theyears,Icametorealizetheantswereastudyinthebenefitsof__14__.Workingtogether,theywereabletocreatea(n)__15__worldforthemselves.Ialsolearnedthattheyshouldbe__16__fortheirhardwork.Dayinanddayout,eachlaboredattheirtask.Theantfarmdemonstratedthatteamworkandperseveranceareindeedtwokey__17__tosuccess.ButtherewasanevenlargerlessonthatIdidnot__18__untilrecently:Disasterisanaturalpartoflife,andmustbe__19__.Unliketheants,humanscannotgiveupwhentheyface__20__.Unliketheants,wehavetorealizethatifatunnelcavesin,wejusthavetobuildanother.1、A．getB．buyC．runD．find2、A．emptyB．newC．strangeD．distant3、A．guestsB．settlersC．friendsD．members4、A．probablyB．roughlyC．exactlyD．normally5、A．namedB．trainedC．comparedD．measured6、A．affectedB．struckC．kickedD．beat7、A．removingB．teachingC．observingD．collecting8、A．turningB．rushingC．fillingD．caving9、A．experiencedB．predictedC．facedD．survived10、A．annoyedB．horrifiedC．movedD．thrilled11、A．reflectB．ignoreC．confirmD．stand12、A．andB．butC．soD．or13、A．InB．ForC．FromD．Over14、A．teamworkB．devotionC．responsibilityD．organization15、A．relaxingB．amusingC．movingD．amazing16、A．supportedB．inspiredC．admiredD．admitted17、A．certificatesB．approachesC．ingredientsD．circumstances18、A．giveB．realizeC．takeD．adopt19、A．acceptedB．sufferedC．achievedD．managed20、A．challengesB．barriersC．pressureD．disappointmentSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Playingamusicalinstrumentthroughout:yourlifeprotectsyourhearinginoldage,aCanadianstudysuggests.Thestudy,publishedinPsychologyandAging,carriedouthearingtestson74adultmusiciansand89non-musicians.Itfounda70-year-oldmusician’shearingwasasgoodasthatofa50-year-oldwhodidnotplay.Hearingnormallydeclinesaspeopleage.By60,10-30%ofpeoplehavemoderatehearingloss.By80,thatgoesuptoasmanyas60%.Problemsareparticularlyseeninthecentralauditory(听觉的)processingsystem,whichisassociatedwithunderstandingspeech,especiallywhenthereisbackgroundnoise.Previousstudieshaveshownmusicianshavebetterhearingthannon-players.Butthisresearch,byateamattheRotmanResearchInstituteinToronto,lookedatadultsofallages-from3to91-toseehowpeoplewereaffectedastheyaged.Theycarriedouthearingtestson74amateurandprofessionalmusicians(whohadplayedsincetheageof1,werestillpractisingandhadbeengivenformalmusiclessons)and89non-musicians(whohadneverplayedaninstrument).Musiciansweresignificantlybetteratpickingoutspeechagainstnoise.Theresearcherssuggestthatlifelongmusicianshipreducesage-relatedchangesinthebrain,probablyduetomusiciansusingtheirauditorysystemsatahighlevelonaregularbasis.TheheadofbiomedicalresearchatActiononHearingLoss,DrRalphHolme,said:“Whilethisstudysuggeststhatmusiciansmightbemoreabletocopewiththeconsequencesofhearingloss,itisfarbettertoreducedamageinthefirstplacebyusingappropriateearprotection.Wehavealwayscampaingnedforeveryonewhoplaysamusicalinstrumentorlistenstoloudmusictowearhearingprotection,likeearplugs,whichreducetheriskofdamagingyourhearingpermanently.”1、WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A．Apersonaged80willlose30%hearing.B．Apersonagedabove60musthavebadhearing.C．Peoplehavefewerproblemswithbackgroundnoise.D．People’shearingusuallybecomesworsewhentheygetolder.2、WhatcanwegetfromtheCanadianstudy?A．Ittestedthehearingof12people.B．Thefindingofthestudywasn’tpublishedpublicly.C．Playingamusicalinstrumentmaydogoodtohearing.D．Musicianswereasgoodatpickingoutspeechagainstnoiseasnon-musicians.3、Whydon’tmusicianschangemuchintheirbrainastheyage?A．Theyliketotakemoreexercise.B．Theyusetheirhearingmoreandregularly.C．Theydon’texposethemselvestobackgroundnoise.D．Theypaymoreattentiontoprotectingtheirhearing.4、HowcanwedealwithhearinglossaccordingtoDrRalphHolme?A．Gethelpfrommusicians.B．Listentoloudmusicless.C．Protecthearingproperly.D．Playamusicalinstrumentmore.5、Theauthorwrotethepassageto________.A．entertainthereadersB．advertiseamusicalinstrumentC．complainaboutpeople’shearinglossD．informreadersofaresearchonhearingText2ThePerfectSleepChairisdesignedtobethemostcomfortablereclinerchair.Whetheryouaresittingupright,relaxinginyourfavoriteTVviewingposition,orlyingcompletelyflatforsleeping,it’slikebeingonacloud.Acloudthathasbuilt-inheatandmassagesettingstomatchyourownpersonalcomfortlevel.Itevenhasabatterybackupincaseofapowercut.WithPerfectSleepChair,there’saperfectpositionforeverybody,eventhosethatprefertolieflatbutwanttheadditionalsupportthatmostmattresses(垫子)don’tprovide.Atthetouchofabutton,thePerfectSleepChairgentlyliftsyoutoanalmoststandingpositionsoyoucangetbackonyourfeetwithease.Someownersusethisfeaturedaily,whileothersuseitwhenrecoveringfromanillness.Timeandtimeagain,ourcustomerstellustheyaretiredofhavingtoreplacetheirreclinersduetoqualityissues.Wehearyou!ThatiswhythePerfectSleepChairishandmadeintheUSAusingqualityhardwoodsandonlythehighestqualityupholster(垫衬物).Eachchairiscarefullycraftedbyworkersandnotjustabunchofrobots.Everychairstructureisguaranteedforlifeandtheelectroniccomponentsaregenerouslywarrantedforthreeyears.Simplyput,it’sthehighestqualitychaironthemarket—butitdoesn’tendthere…WhenyoupurchasethePerfectSleepChair,you’llgetyourchoiceofclothandcolors!You’llalsoreceiveWhiteGloveDelivery.Professionalswillcarrythechairtotheexactspotinyourhomewhereyouwantit,unpackit,inspectit,testit,positionit,andeventakethepackagingaway!Toensurethatyourproductandpurchaseprocessisofthehighestquality,ourcustomerserviceteamisheretoansweranyquestion,fivedaysaweek,from9a.m.to8p.m.Pleasecallusat800-958-8324.1、Accordingtotheadvertisement,PerfectSleepChair.（事实信息）A．helpsdetectillnessesB．supportsvariousbodypositionsC．comeswithanadditionalmattressD．adjustsitstemperatureaccordingly2、WhatisthekeyfeatureofPerfectSleepChairintroducedinParagraph3?(推理判断)A．Itissafe. B．Itislasting.C．Itisportable. D．Itiscomfortable.3、Whatservicecancustomersreceive?A．Homedelivery. B．Free

replacement.C．A24-hourhotline. D．Amoney-backguarantee.Text3Whensomebodygetssickorishurtinanaccident,thereareseveraldifferentwaysthatdoctorscantrytohelpthem.Oneoftheseistogivemedicinethatfightsthesicknessorhelpsthesickperson’sbodytofightit.However,ifsomepartsofabodyareverysickordamaged,thendoctorsmightneedtoremovethem.Anotherwaydoctorscanhelpistogrownewtissuetoreplacewhatissickordamaged.Thisiscalledregenerativemedicine(再生医学).Regenerativemedicinesoundslikesomethingfromasciencefictionmoviebutitisnotanewidea.Insideourbones,wehavesomethingcalled‘marrow’,whichmakesourbloodandkeepsushealthy.Doctorshavebeengivingsickpeoplethe‘bonemarrow’fromotherhealthypeopleforthelast30or40years,andthisisakindofregenerativemedicine.Newerdevelopmentsinregenerativemedicineincludegrowingnewskininalaboratoryandusingittohelppeoplewhohavebeenhurtinfiresoraccidents.Anotherexampleofregenerativemedicineisatechniquedevelopedfromstudyingfrogsandmice.Whencellsareold,likeinadults,theycan’tchangewhattheydoinourbodies.Forexample,askincellcan’tchangeintoaneyecell.Butwhencellsareveryyoung,theycanbecomeanycelltype.Theseyoungcellsarecalledstemcells,anddoctorscanusethemtogrowanytypeoftissue,suchasskin,heartoreye.JohnGurdonandShinyaYamanakawonthe2012NobelPrizefortheirstudiesinthisarea.ProfessorFionaWatt,fromtheCentreforRegenerativeMedicineatKing’sCollegeLondon,believesthatregenerativemedicineissoexcitingbecausemanydifferentkindsofexpertsneedtoworktogether.Newbonesmaybeprintedbyexpert3Dprinters,whoneedtoworkcloselywithuniversityscientistsandthesurgeonswhodotheoperationsinhospitals.Wecannotyetgrownewarmsorlegsforpeople,butthesciencefictiondreamofregenerativemedicinemaybecloserthanwethink.Perhapsinthefuture,doctorswillbeabletogrowwholenewbodiesforus.1、Whyis‘marrow’inbonesveryimportantinregenerativemedicine?A．Itcangrowintonewskinforthosewhohavebeenhurtinfires.B．Itcanbeusedtogrownewtissue.C．Itmakesbloodforourbody.D．Ithasbeenusedfor40years.2、Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothispassage?A．Regenerativemedicineisanewscienceinmedicine.B．FionaWattandShinyaYamanakawonthe2012NobelPrizeformedicine.C．Stemcells,veryyoungcells,canbeusedtogrowanytypeoftissue.D．Doctorsandscientistsnowcooperatetogrownewskinforfrogsandmice.3、What’sthewriter’sattitudetothedevelopmentinregenerativemedicine?A．Pessimistic.B．Optimistic.C．Doubtful.D．Subjective.Text4Itisnothardtofindevidenceofthesuccessofthe“sharingeconomy”,inwhichpeoplerentbeds,carsandotherunderusedassetsdirectlyfromeachother,orviatheinternet.Onepointeristhelargeamountofdemandandsupply.Airbnbclaimsthat11mpeoplehaveuseditswebsitetofindaplacetostay.Lyft,acompanythatmatchespeopleneedingridesanddriverswantingafewdollars,hasspreadfromSanFranciscoto30-oddAmericancities.Anothersignisthefrothyvalues(泡沫价值)placedonsharing-economycompanies:Airbnbisestimatedtobeworth$10billion,morethanhotelchainssuchasHyattandWyndham,andLyftrecentlyraised$250mfromventurecapitalists.Butperhapsthemostflattering—andleastwelcome—indicatorofthesharingeconomy’sriseistheenergybeingdevotedbygovernments,courtsandcompetitorstopreventingit.Themainbattlegroundsarethetaxiandroom-rentalbusinesses.AcourtinBrusselshastoldUber,anotherSanFranciscoride-sharingandtaxi-servicesstartup,tostopoperatinginthecity.Othercitieshavebannedtheirservicesoutright,ortriedotherwaysofputtingspokesintheirwheels.MeanwhiletheHotelAssociationofNewYorkhasbeenlobbyingfor(游说)stricterenforcementofarulethatbansabsentownersfromlettingtheirapartmentsforlessthan30days,whichmakesmostofAirbnb’slistingsthereillegal.Thenewcomers’opponents,whethercompetitors,officialsorworriedcitizens,complainthatthelikesofAirbnbandLyftdodge(躲避)therulesandtaxesthatapplytoconventionalbusinesses.Regulationsexisttokeephotelroomscleanandfirealarmsinworkingorder,tostopresidentialareasbeingfilledwithunlicensedhotels,andtoseethatdriversareinsured,checkedforcriminalityandtestedontheirknowledgeofthestreets.CowboyssuchasAirbnb,LyftandUber,theircriticsclaim,areadangertoanunsuspectingpublic.Theobjectorshavehalfapoint.Taxesmustbepaid:aproperty-ownerwhorentsaroomshoulddeclaretheincome,justasahotelshould.Safetyisalsoaconcern:peoplewantsomeassurancethatoncetheybeddownforthenightorgetintoastranger’scartheywillnotbeattackedorrobbed.Zoning(划分区域)andplanningarealsoanissue:peace-lovingcitizensmaywellobjectifthehousenextdoorbecomesahotel.Sharing-economyfirmsaretryingtomitigate(缓和)theseproblems.Theyhavetightenedinsurancecoverfortheirdriversandhaveofferedtocollecthoteltaxes.Theyhaveaninterestintheirparticipants’goodbehavior:ashosts,guests,driversandpassengersallrateeachotheronline,theirneedtoprotecttheirreputationhelpstomaintainstandardsandkeeppeoplehonest.Butifconsumerswanttogoforthecheaper,less-regulatedservice,theyshouldbeallowedtodoso.Thetruthisthatmostoftherulesthatthesharingeconomyisbreakinghavelittletodowithprotectingthepublic.TheoppositiontoLyftandUberiscomingnotfromcustomersbutfromtaxicompanies,whichunderstandthatGPSmakesdetailedknowledgeofthestreetsredundant(多余的)andfearcheapercompetition.Thisallarguesforadaptation,notprohibition.AnunlikelypioneerisSanFrancisco.LyftandUbergotgoinginthecitypartlybecausetaxiswerehardtofind,buttheauthoritieshavetoleratedthem.SanFranciscobansrentalsoflessthan30days,butisconsideringallowingpeopletolettheirresidence,providedtheylivetheremostofthetime,registerwiththecityandpayits14%hoteltax.1、AccordingtoParagraph1,thesuccessofthe“sharingeconomy”isindicatedbythefactthat__________.A．manypeoplearetradingtheirunderusedassetsfreelyviatheinternetB．growthinonlinerentaldemandhasexceededsupplyinmanyregionsC．itstotalcapitalvaluehassurpassedthatofconventionalbusinessD．sharingeconomycompaniesaresufferingfromanumberofattacks2、Opponentscomplainthatthetaxiandroom-rentalbusinesses_________.A．frequentlymakeanti-competitivemarketbehaviorB．areofteninvolvedinillegalbusinesspracticesC．arelackinginnecessaryrulesandregulationsD．havecausedalotofaccidentsandcrimes3、By“haveahalfpoint”inParagraph4,theauthorprobablymeanstheobjectors“__________.”A．failtoindentifythesafetyproblemsexistingamongsharingeconomyfirmsB．haveoverstatedthedangersbroughtaboutbysharing-economyfirmstothepublicC．failtorealizetheneedofzoningandplanninginsharingeconomyD．haveoverestimatedtheimpactofsharingeconomyfirmsonthetraditionalcounterparts4、Theauthorbelievesthatthecurrentoppositiontosharingeconomymainlyreflects_________.A．themissionofprotectingthepublicB．thecomplaintsfromserviceconsumersC．thefearamongconventionalbusinessesD．thedissatisfactionamongserviceproviders5、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthepracticeofSanFranciscoauthorities?A．Indifferent.B．Skeptical.C．Disapproving.D．Positive.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Alibabafounder,JackMagraduatedfromtheHangzhouTeacher’sInstitutein1988withamajorinEnglishlanguageeducation,andwentontoteachatanotheruniversityinthecityHegaveup1．universityteachingjobafter2．（discover）theInternetMabecameexcited3．theInternetduringavisittotheUnitedStatesin1995andwantedtofindaway4．（bring）theonlineworldtoChinaIn1999,hepersuadedfriendstogivehim$60,000tostartane-commercefirmcalledAlibabaSeeinganopportunityforsmallbusinessestobuyandselltheirgoodsonline,hestartedAlibaba,firstlyrunningthecompanyoutofhisapartmentinthe5．（east）cityofHangzhouAlibabaGroupincludesTmallcomforbusiness-to-consumertradeandTaobao,China’s6．（popular）onlineconsumermarketplacewithhundredsofmillionsofproductsandserviceslistedNowthecompanyis7．InternetgiantandMa—aformerEnglishteacher---isamongChina’smostsuper-richOnhislongroadtoriches,JackMasayshis8．（inspire）hasbeenthefilmcharacterForrestGump“IlikethatguyI9．（watch）thatmovieabout10times,”hesaidinaninterviewwithCNBC．“EverytimeIgetfrustrated,Iwatchthatmovie”MasaidthelessonhelearnedfromthefilmfeaturingTomHankswas10．“nomatterwhatchanges,youareyouI’mstilltheguyIwas15yearsagowhenIearned$20amonthAsVictorHugooncesaid,“Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface”,anduptonownobody1．(be)abletodothisbetterthanCharlieChaplinHebrightenedthelivesofAmericansandBritishthroughtwoworldwarsHemadepeoplelaughatatime2．theyfeltdepressed,sotheycouldfeelmorecontent3．theirlivesCharliewasborninapoorfamilyin4．HisparentswerebothpoormusichallperformersYoumayfinditastonishingthatCharlie5．(teach)tosingassoonashecouldspeakanddanceSuchtrainingwascommoninactingfamiliesatthistime,6．(especial)whenthefamilyincomewasoftenuncertainUnfortunatelyhisfatherdied,7．(leave)thefamilyevenworseoff,soCharliespenthischildhood8．(look)afterhissickmotherandhisbrotherByhisteens,Charliehad,throughhishumour,becomeoneofthemostpopularchild9．(actor)inEnglandHecouldmimeandactthefooldoingordinaryeverydaytasksNoonewaseverboredwatchinghim－hissubtleactingmadeeverythingentertainingWithtime10．(go)by,hebeganmakingfilmsHegrewmoreandmorepopularashischarmingcharacter,thelittletramp,becameknownthroughout11．worldSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Ialwaysusedtothinkthatthedriveacrossafour-kilometerstretchfrommyhousetothemainroadwasapain.Almosteveryoneintheworldseemedtowanttogosomewhereatthesametime.Andexactlyatthemomentwhenourcarinchedtowardsthefront,thelightswouldturnredagain.1、Thenonedaysomethingmagicalhappened.Thefactismyneckwasabitstiffthatmorning.2、Beyondthepavementagulmohar(凤凰木)treewithavividcrownofbrightredandorangeblossomsinbunches.Thesmallleaveswereequallybeautiful.Irackedmyheadforexpressionstodescribethem.Thegulmohar’ssmallneighborwascooler.IrecognizeditasanAshokatree.IfeltthattheAshokadidnothaveaprivatemusiccollectionofitsown.Mygazeshiftedtoitsneighbor.Nowthisonewasabeautyinitsownway.Theyseemedtobefriends.3、TheAshokalookedliketheirparentorguardiancontenttobeinitsownworld.Suddenlythetreesseemedtobemovingawayfromme.Hadtheysetoutontheiroutingalready?4、Thetrafficlightshadturnedgreenandwewereonourway.ForthefirsttimeIfeltthetrafficsignalwasnotsuchabadsort.5、Didthatfeelgood!A．Ithadgotmenewfr