中国菜肴的翻译教案

PAGEPAGE4中国菜肴的翻译（教案）一．中国菜常用主料：plainrice白饭ricenoodles米粉beancurd豆腐pork猪肉beef牛肉mutton羊肉rabbitmeat/conymeat兔肉chicken鸡肉duck鸭肉abalone鲍鱼saltedjellyfish海蜇皮seacucumber海参seaweed海带sharkfin鱼翅prawn明虾lobster龙虾shrimp小虾preservedmeat腊肉crabmeat蟹肉frog田鸡egg鸡蛋二．中国菜常用辅料lard猪油salt盐sauce酱vinegar醋chili辣椒garlic蒜garlicbulb蒜头chive,shallot葱ginger姜fennel茴香gourmetpowder味精sugar糖mustard芥茉tomatoketchup/sauce番茄酱barbequesauce沙茶酱caviar鱼子酱seasoning调味品peanutoil花生油soysauce酱油essenceofchicken鸡精paprika红椒scallops干贝curry咖喱pepper胡椒scallion,leek青葱,韭菜三．中国菜常用蔬菜：mustardleaf芥菜lettuce生菜spinach菠菜caraway香菜hair-likeseaweed发菜bambooshoot竹笋driedbambooshoot笋干chives韭黄cabbage圆白菜,卷心菜leek韭菜celery芹菜lettuce莴苣materconvolvulus空心菜driedlilyflower金针菜cauliflower菜花,花椰菜tomato番茄,西红柿onion洋葱asparagus芦笋cucumber黄瓜eggplant茄子potato马铃薯carrot胡萝卜pumpkin西葫芦,南瓜melon香瓜,甜瓜loofah丝瓜bittergourd苦瓜radish萝卜greenpepper青椒lotusroot莲藕mushroom蘑菇needlemushroom金针菇buttonmushroom草菇champignon香菇driedmushroom冬菇agarics木耳whitefungus白木耳taro芋头yam山芋pea豌豆stringbean四季豆greensoybean毛豆beansprout豆芽soybeansprout黄豆芽mungbeansprout绿豆芽四．中国菜常见小吃及开胃菜：steamedbread馒头meatbun肉包子soya-beanmilk豆浆shao-mai烧麦preservedbeancurd腐乳pickledcucumbers酱瓜preservedegg皮蛋saltedduckegg咸鸭蛋omelets煎蛋卷poachedegg荷包蛋scrambleeggs炒蛋crispyrice锅巴gruel,softrice,porridge粥noodleswithgravy打卤面plainnoodle阳春面barbecuedpork叉烧milletcongee小米粥teameddumpling蒸饺ravioli/wonton馄饨friedporkflakes肉松fermentedblankbean豆豉driedbeefslices牛肉片driedporkslices猪肉片driedturnip萝卜干springroll春卷riceglueball元宵gluepudding汤圆frieddumpling煎贴beancurdwithodor臭豆腐ricecake年糕driedbeancurd豆腐干deep-friedflourstick油条五．中国菜常见刀工：切/削：cutting切片：slicing切丝：shredding切碎：mincing切丁：dicing切柳：filleting去骨：boning去皮：skinning/peeling刮鳞：scaling剁末：mashing刻/雕：carving酿：stuffing腌：pickling/salting浸/泡：marinating去壳：shelling斩/剁块：chopping六．中国菜常用烹调方法：炒：stir-frying煎：pan-frying爆：quick-frying炸：deep-frying干炸：drydeep-frying软炸：softdeep-frying酥炸：crispdeep-frying烧：braising煮：boiling蒸：steaming炖/煨/焖：simmering/stewing熏：smoking烘/烤：baking/broiling/grilling/roasting/basting白灼：scalding卤：spicing拌：mixing涮：instant-boiling七．中国菜肴名称的翻译方法：（一）以主料开头的翻译方法1介绍菜肴的主料和辅料：公式：主料(形状)+(with)辅料例：杏仁鸡丁chickencubeswithalmond牛肉豆腐beefwithbeancurd西红柿炒蛋Scrambledeggwith

tomato

2介绍菜肴的主料和味汁：公式：主料(形状)+(with,in)味汁例：芥末鸭掌duckwebswithmustardsauce葱油鸡chickeninScallionoil米酒鱼卷fishrollswithricewine（二）以烹制方法开头的翻译方法1介绍菜肴的烹法和主料：公式：烹法+主料(形状)例：软炸里脊soft-friedporkfillet烤乳猪roastsucklingpig炒鳝片Stir-friedeelslices2介绍菜肴的烹法和主料、辅料公式：烹法+主料(形状)+(with)辅料例：仔姜烧鸡条braisedchickenfilletwithtenderginger3介绍菜肴的烹法、主料和味汁：公式：烹法+主料(形状)+(with,in)味汁例：红烧牛肉braisedbeefwithbrownsauce鱼香肉丝friedshreddedporkwithSweetandsoursauce清炖猪蹄stewedpighoofincleansoup注：如果菜中有汤，在翻译时要根据菜中汤料的多少区别对待。通常采用两种模式翻译：如果汤少，仅是汁状，则：主料with汤汁如：茄汁牛肉FriedBeefwithTomatoSauce如果汤多呈稀汤状，则：主料in稀汤如：卤炸乳鸽子Deep-friedPigeoninSpicedSauce罗定豆豉鸡Luodingstylebraisechickeninbeansauce辣子鸡丁Stirfrychickendiceswithhotchili鲍汁百灵菇Stirfrymushroomwithabalonesauce红葱头猪俐Stirfrypig’stonguewithonion盐焗肾片SaltKidneyPieces蒜香骨Garlictastyspareribs栗干炆鸡Stewchickenwithchestnut川汁鸡球Sichuanstylechickenmeatball酱爆双脆Soysaucefrydoublecracking水煮牛肉Poachbeefwithhotchili鲜鱿让鲮鱼胶Squidwithfishstuffing豆腐鱼头煲BoilFishHeadwithbeancurd豉汁蒸排骨/鱼Steamspareribs/fishwithblackbeansauce豉油王鹅肠Stirfrygooseintestineswithsoysauce姜葱爆牛肉Stirfrybeefwithgingerandshallot黑椒炒牛肉Stirfrybeefwithblackpepper茶树菇蒸牛柳Steambeefandmushroom酱爆牛柳Stirfrybeefinbeansauce剁椒鱼头Stirfryfishheadwithchoppedhotchili生炒骨/酸甜排骨Sweetandsourspareribs老坛子Oldcrock海味什锦煲Stewseafoodcombinationinclaypot泰式凤爪Thailandstylechickenfeet回锅肉Sichuanstylestewpork梅菜蒸肉片Steamportwithpreservedvegetable西汁鸡扒Chickenwithwesternsauce鲜淮山炆排骨Stewspareribswithyam翠玉兰花Stirfrybroccoli酸茄黄金酿Brewsweetandsoureggplant双菇扒菜胆略Stirfrymushrooms牛肉炒蛋Stirfrybeefandegg凉瓜炒牛肉Stirfrybeefwithbittermelon竹笙酿玉液BrewbambooShootwithwine金华娃娃菜Stirfrybabycabbage尖椒牛肉Stirfrybeefwithhotchili芦笋炒牛肉Stirfrybeefandasparagus西兰花超鱿鱼Stirfrysquidandbroccoli西芹炒腊味StirfrypreservedhamandceleryXO酱爆鱿鱼StirfrysquidinXOsauce韭菜花炒银鱼Stirfrywhitebaitwithchives土豆炒肉片Stirfryporkwithpotato煲淋大芥菜Leafmustardinsoup三色蒸蛋Steameggs丝瓜炒肉片/猪肝/猪什Stirfrypork/liver/bowelswithgourd潮式大芥菜肉碎Chaozhoustylemustardleafandmincedpork豆豉鲮鱼炒时蔬Stirfryfishandvegetableinblackbeansauce节瓜虾米粉丝煲Stewdriedshrimps,vermicelliandmeloninclaypot凉瓜炒肉片Stirfryporkwithbittermelon酸豆角炒肉碎Stirfrymincedporkwithpicklebean菜甫煎蛋Fryeggwithvegetable榨菜肉丝韭黄Stirfryporkwithpicklevegetableandleek上汤油菜Boilvegetableinchickenstock盐水菜芯Boilvegetableinsaltywater广州炒饭GuangzhouFryRice白玉藏珍’Treasureshidesinwhitejade麻婆豆腐Sichuanstylebeancurd凉瓜炒蛋FryEggswithbittenmelon炒油菜Stirfryvegetable茄子煲Steweggplantclaypot蒜蓉炒丝瓜Stirfrygourdwithgarlic虎皮尖椒TigerSkinfrypepper辣椒圈炒蛋Stirfryegginhotchili酸辣土豆丝Chiliandsourpotato干炒牛河Dryfryricenoodleswithbeef肉片炒面Stirfrynoodleswithpork斋汤面Vegetariannoodlesoup豆豉爆辣椒圈Stirfryhotchiliwithbeansauce老火例汤Soupoftheday豆腐鱼头汤Fishheadandbeancurdsoup番茄豆腐汤Tomatoandbeancurdsoup紫菜蛋花汤Laverandeggsoup椰子炖鸡Braisechickenincoconut土茯苓煲龟Tortoisewithtuckahoesoup单尾品种SnacksandDesserts榴莲酥DurianCrispNosh叉烧酥BarbecuedPorkCrispNosh萝卜酥TurnipCrispNosh蛋挞Eggcustardnosh咸甜薄撑Salt/Sweetpancake潮式煎饼Chaozhoustylepancake番茨饼Sweetpotatopancake黄金饼Goldencake葱油饼Shallotpancake香煎生肉包Friedmincedporkbun鸳鸯馒头Assortedsteamedbun炸馒头Friedbun梅菜扣肉porkwithpreservedvegetable咸鱼蒸肉饼steamedmincedporkwithsaltfish酱炸里脊丁sautédicedporkfilletwithbrownsauce鲜笋火腿hamwithfreshbambooshoots红烧猪蹄braisedporkleg麻辣猪肚pigtripewithchilisauce双片锅巴slicedmeatandliverwithfriedricecrust豆豉排骨porkchopswithbeansauce糖醋排骨porkchopswithsweetandsoursauce宫保肉丁sautéporkcubeletswithhotpepper麻辣白肉meatwithcayennepepper红烧蹄筋braisedporktendons红烧狮子头meatballsbraisedwithbrownsauce糖粉酥肉friedcrispporksliceswithsugarpowder烤乳猪roastedsucklingpig脆皮锅酥肉friedcrisppork腐乳炖肉stewedporkwithpreservedbeancurd红烧扣肉braisedporkslicesinsoysauce葱爆肉quick-friedporkandscallions咕噜肉sweetandsourpork荷叶粉蒸肉steamedporkwithriceflavorinlotusleaves回锅肉doublecookedporkslices陈皮牛肉beefwithorangepeel烤羊肉串muttonshashlik涮羊肉rinse-mutton/muttonslicesrinsedinchafingdish红烧羊肉muttonbraisedinbrownsauce汤类：清汤consommé羹chowder老火汤double-stewedsoup连锅汤porkandradishsoup三鲜汤threefreshdelicaciessoup五滋汤five-flavoredmuttonsoup鱼翅汤shark’sfinsoup干贝汤scallopsoup八珍蛇羹snakepotagewitheightdelicacies八宝冬瓜盅stewedwhitegourdsoupwitheightingredients人参炖乌鸡ginsengandblackhensoup紫菜蛋花汤lavereggsoup竹笋鲜蘑汤soupwithbambooshootsandfreshmush清炖冬菇汤mushroomsoup庐山石耳汤Mt.Lushanstonefungussoup火鸭芥菜汤slicedroast芦笋鸡茸汤mashedchickenandasparagussoup豆苗鞭蓉蛋汤consomméofsnoweggwithbeansprouts锦江拼盆horsd’oeuversJinjiangstyle蝴蝶冷盆butterfly-shapedappetizer什锦冷盘assortedappetizer太极八卦eight-diagram-shapedappetizer卤鸡珍肝spicedchickenliverandgizzard卤牛肉shreddedboiledporkmeat卤鸡杂spicychickengiblets盐水鸭肫saltedduckgizzards鸭翅膀duckwingtips拌鸭掌coldduckweb芥末鸭掌duckflipperswithmustardsauce五香花生仁spicedpeanuts开洋炝刀豆sautéswordbeanswithdriedshrimps泡辣菜pickledhotvegetables冷拌粉皮coldvermicelliwithmustardandmeatshreds醉蟹winepreservedcrabs咸水虾boiledshrimpswithsalt红油肚片slicedporktripeinhotchilioil糟鸡chickenpickledinfermentedricewinesauce烧鸭（鹅）roastduck/goose怪味鸡multi-flavorchicken麻辣牛肉条spicedbeef白切肉mixedmeatinaspic什锦肉冻sautémeatandvegetable五香凤爪marinatedchickenfeet五香酱鸡spicedmarinatedchicken芥末鸡皮chickenskinwithmustardsauce鸡丝粉皮chickensliceswithbeanjellysheets辣味麻酱鸡翅chickensingswithchilisauceandsesamepaste拌烤鸭丝roastduckshredinsauce麻酱鸭块duckcutletswithsesamepaste桂花盐水鸭stewedsalt-preservedduck虾片shrimpchip瓜皮虾cucumberwithjellyfishanddriedshelledshrimp生拌鱼rawfishinsauce冰糖燕窝bird’snestincrystalsugar红酒烧竹鸡braisedsnipeinportwine铁扒乳鸽grilledyoungpigeon糟蛋eggspreservedinwine酱蛋pickledegg茶叶蛋eggintea蒸腊鹅spicedgoosewingtipsandwebfeet潮州卤鹅spicedgoose,Chaozhoustyle潮州烧雁鹅roastgoose,Chaozhoustyle红烧全鸭braisedwholeduckinsoysauce五香鸭spicedduck蒸南京板鸭steamedNanjingsaltedduck北京烤鸭roastBeijingduck香糟鸡片slicedchickeninwinesauce炸童子鸡deepfriedspringchicken荷叶粉蒸鸡steamedchickeninlotusleafpackets炸纸包鸡friedchickeninpaperpackets陈皮鸡chickeninorangeflavor咖喱鸡currychicken砂锅鸡braisedchickenincasserole叫化子鸡mud-bakedchicken附杂项（西餐，餐具，糖果等）：breakfast早餐lunch午餐brunch早午餐supper晚餐latesnack宵夜dinner正餐coffeepot咖啡壶coffeecup咖啡杯papertowel纸巾napkin餐巾tablecloth桌布tea-pot茶壶teaset茶具teatray茶盘caddy茶罐dish碟plate盘saucer小碟子ricebowl饭碗chopsticks筷子soupspoon汤匙knife餐刀cup杯子glass玻璃杯mug马克杯picniclunch便当toothpick牙签fruitplate水果盘meatdiet荤菜vegetables素菜meatbroth肉羹localdish地方菜Cantonesecuisine广东菜menu菜单Frenchcuisine法国菜today'sspecial今日特餐buffet自助餐fastfood快餐specialty招牌菜tealeaves茶叶blacktea红茶jasminetea茉莉(香片)teabag茶包lemontea柠檬茶whitegourdtea冬瓜茶honey蜂蜜sodawater苏打水artificialcolor人工色素curryrice咖喱饭bird'snest燕窝Frenchfires炸薯条bakedpotato烘马铃薯mashedpotatoes马铃薯泥pudding布丁pastries甜点jerky牛肉干popcorn爆米花sunnysideup煎一面荷包蛋over煎两面荷包蛋overeasy煎半熟蛋overhard煎全熟蛋butter奶油beverages饮料condensedmilk炼乳;炼奶coffeemate奶精coffee咖啡icedcoffee冰咖啡whitecoffee牛奶咖啡blackcoffee纯咖啡ice-creamcone甜筒sundae圣代;新地ice-cream雪糕icecandy冰棒straw吸管cake蛋糕pancake煎饼cereal麦片粥toast土司hamburger汉堡hamandegg火腿肠butteredtoast奶油土司Frenchtoast法国土司cheesecake酪饼whitebread白面包brownbread黑面包cheesecake酪饼flour-ricenoodle面粉noodles面条wheatgluten面macaroni通心粉beanthread冬粉instinctnoodles速食面sandwich三明治crust面包皮syrupofplum酸梅汤tomatojuice番茄汁orangejuice橘子汁coconutmilk椰子汁asparagusjuice芦荟汁veg