中西文化鉴赏 通识课课件 7.5 西方戏剧

中西文化鉴赏AppreciationofChineseandWesternCulturesUnit7Opera&Drama（戏曲与戏剧）课程信息章节教学目标AppreciationofChineseandWesternCultures中西文化鉴赏Unit7Opera&Drama（戏曲与戏剧）文化拓展思政映射章节主题Focusofthisunit

Opera&Drama（戏曲与戏剧）Thetypes,featuresandaestheticsofChineseandwesternoperaanddrama中西戏曲和戏剧的分类、特征以及美学知识能力思政abilitygoals

ideologicalandpoliticaleducationgoals

tolearnsystematicallyChineseculturalknowledge系统学习中国文化知识toimprovecross-culturalcommunicationskills提高跨文化交际能力tounderstandthespiritualcoreoftheChinesenationreflectedinculturalthemes领会文化主题反映出的中华民族精神内核knowledgegoals

KnowledgegoalstolearntheoriginsandstylesandEnglishexpressionsrelatedtoChineseandwesternoperaanddrama掌握中西戏曲与戏剧起源、类型及相关术语的英语表达AbilitygoalstobeabletocommunicateaccuratelyonculturaltopicsinEnglish能够使用英语就文化主题进行准确沟通和交流Ideologicalandpoliticaleducationgoalstolearntheorigin,history,inheritanceanddevelopmentofChineseoperaandunderstandthetraditionalChineseaethetics通过学习中国戏曲的起源、历史、传承与发展，领会中华传统美学ExperiencethebreadthanddepthofChinesetraditionalopera,andenhancenationalprideandculturalself-confidence体会中国传统戏曲艺术的博大精深，增强民族自豪感与文化自信7.5WesternDrama（西方戏剧）Lead-in（导入）：Brainstorming（头脑风暴）:

Q1:CanyounamesomewellknownmodernWesterndramas?

7.5.1OriginofWesternDramaTwoVersionsoftheOriginof

WesternDramaLiteraryversionFromtheperspectiveofliterature，itderivedfromthelyricalperformanceofepicpoetry.

ReligiousversionFromtheperspectiveofreligion,itoriginatedfromtheritualsperformedintheworshipof

Dionysos(

酒神狄俄尼索斯)

.

Dionysos:theGodofGrapevines

andWine

TheDevelopmentofWesternDramaAncientGreekdrama古希腊戏剧Medievaldrama中世纪戏剧Renaissancedrama文艺复兴戏剧Classicaldrama古典主义戏剧Romanticdrama浪漫主义戏剧Moderndrama现代戏剧AncientGreekDramaMedievaldrama

RenaissanceDramaClassicaldrama

Romanticdrama

Moderndrama

7.5.2AncientGreekDrama

1)ClassificationofAncientGreekDramaTragedy悲剧Satyr-play羊人剧Comedy喜剧TheRelationshipAmongtheThreeGenresItisGreektragedythatledtoGreekcomedyandbyrepresentingtheserioussubjectmatteroftragediesincomicways,satyrplayslinkedtragedywithcomedy.

2)FeaturesofAncientGreekDrama

FeatureI：

TheUnitiesofTime，PlaceandAction

Theplotusuallytookplacewithinonlyoneday.Thelocationdidnotchange.Therewasonlyonemainplot.Feature2:CostumesandMasksActorsusedthick-soledbootstolooktaller,andsometimesworebrightlycoloredglovestoenabletheaudiencetorecognizetheirgestures.AncientGreekdramausedmaskstorepresentthedivisionbetweencomedyandtragedy.

CostumesMasksFeature3:

TheNumberofActorsTheInitialMeaningof“Actors”

Theword"actors"means“respondents”originally,whichrefertotheirroleinthedialoguebetweenactorsandchorus.FormationofThreeActorsThespisandthe

FirstActorAeschylusandtheSecondActor

SophoclesandtheThirdActor

3)RepresentativePlaywrightsandTheirMasterpieces

ThreeFamousPlaywrightsoftheGreekTragedyAeschylus埃斯库罗斯Sophocles索福克勒斯Euripides欧里庇得斯

Aeschylus埃斯库罗斯Sophocles索福克勒斯Euripides欧里庇得斯Aeschylus’RepresentativeWorksPrometheusBound

（《被缚的普罗米修斯》）Agamemnon(《阿加门农》）PrometheusBoundAgamemnonSophocles’RepresentativeWorks索福克勒斯代表作品Antigone

《安提戈涅》OedipustheKing《俄狄浦斯王》TheWomenofTrāchis《特拉斯基少女》AntigoneOedipustheKingTheWomenofTrāchisEuripides’RepresentativeWork欧里庇得斯代表作品Medeia《美狄亚》MedeiaTheOutstandingComicPlaywrightinAncientGreeceAristophanesandHisRepresentativeWorks

阿里斯托芬代表作品TheFrogs

《蛙》TheBirds《鸟》Clouds《云》

4)AppreciationofOedipustheKing

5)LegacyofAncientGreekDrama

AncientGreekdramaprovidenotonlyresources,butinspirationsforsubsequentplaywrights.InternationalFestivalofAncientGreekDramaisheldonceayeartoencouragepeopletoadaptandre-performclassicsofancientGreekdrama.7.5.3WesternClassicDramasinRenaissance1)TheBackgroundDefinitionofRenaissanceBirthplaceofRenaissanceSignificanceofRenaissanceLiteratureofRenaissanceDefinitionofRenaissance

Renaissancereferstotherebirthofliterature,artandlearning.BirthplaceofRenaissance

ItoriginatedinFlorence,Italy.文艺复兴发源地：意大利的弗洛伦萨SignificanceofRenaissance

MarkingtheendoftheMiddleAgesandthebeginningofthemodernWesternworldWitnessingatransformationfromLatinliteraturetovernacularliterature（见证了拉丁文学向本土文学的转变）

2)WilliamShakespeareandHisMasterpieces

FourClassificationsof

Shakespeare’sPlays

ComediesHistoricplaysTragediesLegendaryplaysTheFourMasterpiecesofShakespeare'sComedyAMidsummerNight’sDream《仲夏夜之梦》TheMerchantofVenice《威尼斯商人》AsYouLikeit

《皆大欢喜》TheTwelfthNight《第十二夜》AMidsummerNight’sDreamTheMerchantofVeniceAsYouLikeitTheTwelfthNightTheFourMasterpiecesofTragedyHamlet《哈姆莱特》

Othello《奥赛罗》KingLear《李尔王》Macbeth《麦克白》Hamlet

OthelloKingLearMacbeth

3)TheThemeandStyleTheThemeandStyleComedyPortrayingyoungpeoplefreedfromfeudalfettersSingingoftheiryouth,loveandidealofhappiness.TragedyPortrayingsomenobleheroesExposingtheinjusticeofhumanlife

4)AppreciationofHamlet

SummaryWelearnedthatwesterndramaoriginatedfromancientGreektragedy.WeknewthethreeclassificationsofancientGreekdrama:tragedy,satyr-playandcomedy.WeappreciatedmasterpiecesofrepresentativeplaywrightsbothinancientGreeceandinRenaissance.

7.5.4ModernWesternDrama

1)TheBackground

VariousSchoolsofWesternModernDramaSymbolism（象征主义）Expressionism（印象主义）Futurism（未来主义）Surrealism（超现实主义）Existentialism（存在主义）Absurdism(荒诞主义）

2)ModernWesternDramatistsandTheirMasterpieces

HenrikIbsenandHisMasterpieceHenrikIbsenTheImportanceofHenrikIbsenThefatherof

realismThefoundersof

modernism

ThemostfrequentlyperformeddramatistintheworldafterShakespeareADoll'sHouseSignificanceofADoll'sHouseItexposedtheconflictbetweenthepatriarchalsocietyandwomen'sliberationItchallengedthereligion,lawandmoralityofthebourgeoissocietyItencouragedpeople,especiallywomen,tobreakfreefromtheshacklesoftraditionalideasandfightforfreedomandequality.EugeneO'NeillandHisMasterpieceEugeneO'NeillTheImportanceofEugeneO'NeillThewinneroffo