文化与艺术人物及作品【精讲精研+拓展延伸】高考英语一轮复习主题词汇 阅读一遍过

话题十二文化与艺术人物及作品第一部分话题词汇积累单词&短语1.adaptionn.____________ 2.authorn.____________3.calligraphyn.____________ 4.chaptern.____________5.collectionn.____________ 6.inheritv.____________7.inspectv.____________ 8.instituten.____________9.insurancen.____________ 10.interpretv.____________11.invasionn.____________ 12.invisibleadj.____________13.irrigationn.____________ 14.jealousadj.____________15.junglen.____________ 16.justicen.____________17.kangaroon.____________ 18.lameadj.____________19.leathern.____________ 20.incredibleadj.____________21.individualn./adj.____________ 22.inflationn.____________23.__________________n.珠宝；首饰24.__________________adj.独立的；自主的25.__________________n.工业，行业26.__________________n.影响；作用27.__________________v.教授，指导，命令28.__________________n.信息；消息，资料29.__________________adj.正式的__________________adj.非正式的30.__________________v.使受伤；损害31.__________________v.激发；激励；启发32.__________________adj.聪明的；智能的33.__________________n.乐器；器械；手段34.__________________v.打断；使中断35.__________________v.采访__________________n.采访者__________________n.被采访者36.__________________n.v.__________________发明37._________________v._________________n.邀请38._________________n.旅行；历程39._________________n.法官v.判断_________________n.判断力40._________________n.幼儿园41._________________n.知识___________________adj.博学的42._________—(过去式)__________—(过去分词)___________一(现在分词)__________放置，产卵__________—(过去式)__________—(过去分词)__________一(现在分词)__________平躺__________—(过去式)___________—(过去分词)__________—(现在分词)__________撒谎43._____________________________通知某人某事44.insiston_____________________________45._____________________________代替，而不是46._____________________________对……感兴趣47.be/getinvolvedin/involveoneselfin_____________________________48._____________________________戏弄，开玩笑49._____________________________从……判断50.成功的秘诀_____________________________51.据我所知_____________________________52.以……而出名_____________________________53._____________________________因……而出名54._____________________________为……所熟知55.theformer...thelatter_____________________________56._____________________________引起，导致57._____________________________过着有意义的生活58._____________________________把……丢在后面为……留有余地59._____________________________遗漏60._____________________________记住词汇拓展1.informv.知会；通知；通告；了解；熟悉；对……有影响【搭配】informsb.ofsth.告知某人某事informsb.that/wh-……告知某人informsb+疑问词+不定式informationn.信息；消息；情报；资料；资讯Theywould____________anyprogresstheyhadmade.他们会把他们取得的任何进步都告诉他。Iregretto____________youhediedasaconsequenceofhisinjuries.我很遗憾地通知你，他因伤势太重不治身亡。Weneedtimeto____________ourselvesthoroughlyoftheproblem.我们需要时间对这个问题有个透彻的了解。Religion____________everyaspectoftheirlives.宗教影响着他们生活的各个方面。Allgreatsongsare____________byacertainsadnessandtension.所有很棒的歌曲都透着某种悲伤和张力。2.insistv.坚决要求；坚持；坚持说；固执己见【搭配】insist一般作为不及物动词用，需要在后面加上on/upon才可以加动名词、名词、代词宾语。它可以接宾语从句。在接宾语从句的时候，如果它的意思是“坚持自己的意见要求别人去做”的时候，它后面的从句需要用虚拟语气：should+动词原形作为谓语。其他的则作为陈述语气，意思是“坚持这样说/认为”。insiston/upon坚持；强调She____________onbeingpresentatalltheinterviews她坚持所有采访自己都要在场。We____________wantinghisstudenttoparticipateinthiswork.我们坚持要他的学生参加这项工作。Ifyou____________thatsomethingisthecase,yousaysoveryfirmlyandrefusetosayotherwise,eventhoughotherpeopledonotbelieveyou.如果你认为这是事实，你就坚持认定，尽管别人不会相信你。Myfamily____________thatI(should)notgivein,butstayandfight.家里人坚持认为我不应让步，而应该留下来继续抗争。活学活用一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Sincetheyinsiston____________(go),we'llsimplypushtheboatwiththecurrentandletthemgowithus.2.Leavemeoutofthisquarrel,pleaseIdon'twanttoget____________(involve).3.Readingisimportantbecauseitwillmakemebe____________(knowledge)person.amore.4.Inallcases,thekey____________successisanabilitytounderstandandworkwithindifferentcultures.5.Theyknewtheyhaddonesomethingterriblywrongand____________(lie)tocoveritup.二、翻译句子1.Don'tleaveyourshoppingonthebackseatofyourcar—it'sanopeninvitationtoathief._____________________________________________________________________2.我很荣幸地通知你，你已经被录取了。(inform)_____________________________________________________________________3.你在申请单上不要遗漏任何必要的信息。(leaveout)_____________________________________________________________________4.就我所知，这本书还没有被译成中文。(asfaras)_____________________________________________________________________参考答案单词&短语1.适应，顺应；改编2.作者；著者3.书法；笔迹4.（书）章；回；篇；（人生）阶段，篇章5.作品集；收藏品6.继承7.仔细检查8.学院9.保险10.解释，翻译11.入侵12.看不见的，无形的13,灌溉14.嫉妒的15.丛林16.正义17.袋鼠18.跛的，瘸的19.皮革20.难以置信的21.个人，个人的22.通货膨胀23.jewelry24.independent25.industry26.influence27.rmation29.formal;informal30.injure31.elligent33.instrument34.interrupt35.v.inter-viewn.interviewererviewee36.v.inventn.invention37.w.inviten.invitation38.journey39.judge;judgement40.kindergarten41.n.knowledgeadj.knowledgeable42.lay—laid—laid—layinglie—lay—lain—lyinglie—lied—rmsb.ofsth.44.坚持；坚决要求45.insteadof46.have/developaninterestin/beinterestedin47.参与，参加48.playajoke/jokeson49.judgingby/from50.thekeytosuccess51.asfarasIknow52.beknownas53.beknownfor54.beknownto55.前者……后者……56.leadto57.leadameaningfullife58.leavebe-hind;leaveroomfor59.leaveout60.learn...byheart词汇拓展1.informhimof;inform;inform;informs;informed2.insisted;insiston;insist;insisted活学活用一、1.going2.involved3.knowledgeable4.to5.lied二、1.别把买的东西放在汽车后座上——那会招来小偷的。2.Ihavethehonortoinformyouthatyouhavebeenaccepted.3.Don'tleaveoutanynecessaryinformationonyourapplication.4.AsfarasIknow,thisbookhasn'tbeentranslatedintoChineseyet.第二部分话题阅读训练（A）阅读理解Thefollowingfourfamouspaintings－fromJanvanEyck'sportraittoPabloPicasso'smasterpiece－havestoodthetestoftime.TheArnolfiniPortraitJanvanEyck'sArnolfiniPortrait,anoilpaintingonwoodproducedin1434，inwhichamanandawomanholdhandswithawindowbehindhimandabedbehindher，isundoubtedlyoneofthemasterpiecesintheNationalGallery，London.Thispaintingisnotonlyvisuallyinterestingbutalsofamed.Itisalsoaninformativedocumentonfifteenth­centurysociety，throughJanvanEyck'sheavyuseofsymbolism－whilehusbandswentouttoengageinbusiness，wivesconcernedthemselveswithdomesticduties.TheStarryNightVincentvanGoghpaintedTheStarryNight，anoiloncanvas(油画布)，amoderatelyabstractlandscapepaintingofanightskyoverasmallhillsidevillage，duringhis12­monthstayatthementalhospitalinSaint­Rémy­de­Provence，Francebetween1889and1890.WhentheMuseumofModernArtinNewYorkCitypurchasedthepaintingfromaprivatecollectorin1941,itwasnotwellknown，butithassincebecomeoneofVincentvanGogh'smostfamousworks.TheHarvestersTheHarvestersisanoilpaintingonwoodcompletedbyPieterBruegeltheElderin1565.Itdepicts(描绘)theharvesttimewhichmostcommonlyoccurredwithinthemonthsofJulyandAugust.NicolaesJonghelinck，amerchantbankerandartcollectorfromAntwerp,onceheldthispainting.ThepaintinghasbeenattheMetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCitysince1919.GuernicaGuernica，alargeoilpainting，waspaintedbytheCubist(立体派的)Spanishpainter,PabloPicassoin1937.ThetitleGuernicareferstothecitythatwasbombedduringthewar.Thepaintingdepictsthehorrorsofwarandasaresult，hascometobeanantiwarsymbolandareminderofthetragediesofwar.Today，thepaintingishousedattheMuseoNacionalCentrodeArteReinaSofíainMadrid.1．Whichofthefollowingpaintingswasproducedearliest?A．Guernica. B．TheHarvesters.C．TheStarryNight. D．TheArnolfiniPortrait.2．Whocreatedthepaintingdescribingtheharvestseasons?A．PieterBruegeltheElder.B．VincentvanGogh.C．JanvanEyck.D．PabloPicasso.3．WhatdoweknowaboutthepaintingTheStarryNight?A．Itwaspaintedonwoodinoils.B．Itdescribedthepainter'slifeinhospital.C．Itwasn'twidelyrecognizedbefore1941.D．Itwasgivenawaytothemuseumbyacollector.解析：【语篇解读】本文介绍了四幅世界绘画名作的相关情况，包括其创作时间、画作内容等。1.D[细节理解题。根据文章对四幅画的介绍可知，TheArnolfiniPortrait的创作时间是1434年，TheStarryNight创作于1889至1890年间，TheHarvesters创作于1565年，Guernica创作于1937年。对上述四幅画的创作时间进行对比可知，D项正确。]2.A[细节理解题。根据TheHarvesters部分第二句“Itdepicts(描绘)theharvesttimewhichmostcommonlyoccurredwithinthemonthsofJulyandAugust”可知，PieterBruegeltheElder的画作描述了丰收季节的情况。故选A。]3.C[细节理解题。根据TheStarryNight部分最后一句可知，1941年，当纽约现代艺术博物馆从一位私人收藏家手中买下这幅画时，它并不太有名，但后来却成为梵高最著名的作品之一。故选C。]（B）七选五CayceZavagliaisanartistwithauniquetransformationtoherwork.1Paintingwithtinyneedlesisnotasfastaspaintingwithabrush.2Ittakestwomonths-nearly200hourstocompleteaportrait.3Onceshedecides,sheinvitesthatpersontoherstudioandtakeshundredsofphotographs.Shestudiesthewaythelightfallsacrosstheperson'sface.Aftermanyhoursofstudyingthephotos,shechoosestheperfectoneforherportrait.Next,sheenlargesthephotoonacanvas(画布)。Then,shematchesthecolorsinthephotoandthestitchingbegins.Caycestartswiththehairandforehead,thenmovesontotheshouldersandclothing,andfinallytheface.Thehumanfaceiswhatshemostenjoyscreatinginherart.4Inaportraitofherbabydaughter,theskinappearssoftandsmooth.Inaportraitofherdad,thestitchesshowawrinkledandagingface.Caycebelieveshersuccessdependsonthreethings:herchoiceofcolors,thelengthanddirectionofthestitches,andherabilitytomaketheportraitlooktrue.Shelovesthesurprisewhenpeopleviewherart.Fromadistance,peoplebelievetheportraitsarepainted.5A.Shemakessurethepersonlooksstraightintoher.B.Thebiggestchallengeismakingtheskinlookreal.C.Insteadofpaintingwithabrush,shesewswithaneedle.D.Cayce'sfirststepisdecidingwhowillbeintheportrait.E.Shelovescreatingportraitsofherfamilyandclosefriends.F.It